scholarly journals Economic and Social-Class Voting in a Model of Redistribution with Social Concerns

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 3140-3172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gallice ◽  
Edoardo Grillo
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Preferences For Redistribution ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Class Voting ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Relative Standing

Abstract We investigate how social status concerns may affect voters’ preferences for redistribution. Social status is given by a voter’s relative standing in two dimensions: consumption and social class. By affecting the distribution of consumption levels, redistribution modifies the weights attached to the two dimensions. Thus, redistribution not only transfers resources from the rich to the poor, but it also amplifies or reduces the importance of social class differences. Social status concerns can simultaneously lead some members of the working class to oppose redistribution and some members of the socioeconomic elites to favor it. They also give rise to interclass coalitions of voters that, despite having different monetary interests, support the same tax rate. We characterize these coalitions and discuss the resulting political equilibrium.

Social class, solipsism, and contextualism: How the rich are different from the poor.

2012 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 546-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Kraus ◽  
Paul K. Piff ◽  
Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton ◽  
Michelle L. Rheinschmidt ◽  
Dacher Keltner
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

Making Class: Children's Perceptions of Social Class through Illustrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (7) ◽  
pp. 1-44
Author(s):  
Adam Howard ◽  
Katy Swalwell ◽  
Karlyn Adler
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Young People ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Third Graders ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Rich ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Background Context ◽  
Do So

Background/Context Though there has been attention to how class differences impact children's experiences in schools and how young people perceive racial and gender differences, very little research to date has examined how young people make sense of social class differences. Purpose In this article, the authors examine young children's conceptualizations of differences between the rich and the poor to better understand children's process of classmaking. Research Design To access young children's ideas about social class, the authors examined kindergartners’, third graders’, and sixth graders’ (N = 133) drawings depicting differences between rich and poor people and their corresponding explanations of their drawings. These children attended two schools, one public serving a majority working- class population, and one private serving a majority affluent population. Findings/Results Children understand social class to be inclusive emotions, social distinctions, and social status. Children's drawings and explanations show that perpetuated ideology-justifying status quo of poverty and economic inequality. Children have complex sociocultural insights into how social class operates that manifest themselves through four domains: material, intersectional, emotional, and spatial. Conclusions/Recommendations Educators should provide more opportunities for teaching about social class, and can do so in ways that engages students in processes of classmaking that do not reinforce stereotypes and that interrupts inequality.

scholarly journals The Structure of Inequality and the Politics of Redistribution

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (2) ◽  
pp. 316-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
NOAM LUPU ◽  
JONAS PONTUSSON
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Lower Half ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Redistributive Policies ◽  
Preferences For Redistribution ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Advanced Capitalist

Against the current consensus among comparative political economists, we argue that inequality matters for redistributive politics in advanced capitalist societies, but it is the structure of inequality, not the level of inequality, that matters. Our theory posits that middle-income voters will be inclined to ally with low-income voters and support redistributive policies when the distance between the middle and the poor is small relative to the distance between the middle and the rich. We test this proposition with data from 15 to 18 advanced democracies and find that both redistribution and nonelderly social spending increase as the dispersion of earnings in the upper half of the distribution increases relative to the dispersion of earnings in the lower half of the distribution. In addition, we present survey evidence on preferences for redistribution among middle-income voters that is consistent with our theory and regression results indicating that left parties are more likely to participate in government when the structure of inequality is characterized by skew.

scholarly journals SOCIAL SATIRE ON HIGHER EDUCATION: A COMPARATIVE STRUCTURAL SEMIOTIC STUDY OF THE MOVIES ALANGKAH LUCUNYA (NEGERI INI) AND PARASITE

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulianeta Yulianeta ◽  
Rosmah Tami
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Rich

It is commonly believed that obtaining a higher education is one way to elevate people's social class. Two movies, the Indonesian film Alangkah Lucunya (Negeri Ini) ALNI (2010) and the Korean Parasite (PR) (2019), challenge this common belief. The two movies criticize higher education by conveying the message in satire. To unveil the meaning of the two movies' social satires, this study used Roland Barthes's structural semiotic analysis on five primary codes to explore the codes that regulate the structure of the narrative of the text (film) to find similarities and differences of their focus of criticism regarding higher education. The use of satiric form to contrast and juxtapose the rich and the poor, and the educated and uneducated shows that both Alangkah Lucunya (Negeri Ini)  and Parasite uncover the influence of neoliberalism in the formal educational system that gives an impact to both lower and higher class, either in developed countries or developing countries. The satire content is intended to attract attention and to inspire people to move to change the situation.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status, Hypertension, Proteinuria and Glycosuria amongst the Women of Rural Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaila Ahmed ◽  
Masuda Mohsena ◽  
Sonia Shirin ◽  
Nargis Parvin ◽  
Niru Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Logistic Support ◽  
Almost All

Methods and materials - A rural community was purposively selected in Sreepur thana of which four villages were selected randomly. The total population of all age groups was 14,165 and the eligible reproductive aged females were 3,820 based on age between 15 and 45 years. Sample size was estimated at 573 (15%) of the eligible participants depending on the availability of time and logistic support. The study design was to use a questionnaire related to age, education, family income, housing and sanitation. Height (ht), weight (wt) and blood pressure (BP) were measured. Urine protein was estimated. Clinical examinations noted the presence of anemia, jaundice, edema, ring-worm, scabies, goiter, xerophthalmia and gum bleeding. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated to determine their obesity or wasting. Results - Overall, 501 volunteered and the response rate was 87.4%. Of these participants, 30.3% were illiterate. Almost all of them had supply of tube-well water and 68% had sanitary latrines. Their mean (±SD) age was 30.2 (±2.9)y, wt was 46 (±8.5)kg, ht was 149 (±5)cm and BMI was 20.5 (±3.5). The poor women had significantly lower BMI than the rich [20.0 (2.93) vs. 21.2 (4.1), (p<0.05)]. Their mean (±SD) systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 116 (±17) and 73 (±12) mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, proteinuria and glycosuria were 16.6, 10.4 and 2.6%, respectively. The frequencies of proteinuria and ring-worm were significantly higher among the poor than among the rich social class (both cases p<0.05). Regarding nutritional deficiency, about half of the rural women (52%) had some form of signs relating to Vit-A deficiency and 65% had signs of Vit-B complex deficiency either in the form of glossitis or of angular stomatitis or both. Conclusions - Despite time and logistic constraint, the study revealed that most of the rural women had a poor nutritional status (80% had BMI<23.0). The prevalence of hypertension and glycosuria were also not negligible. Vitamin deficiency disorders (xerophthalmia), gum-bleeding, angular stomatitis were also very high among them. The study also revealed that the poor social class had a significantly lower BMI, higher proteinuria and higher skin problems than their rich counterparts. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2008; 2(1): 21-24 Key Words: doi: 10.3329/imcj.v2i1.2927

Drift and Dangerousness Social Class Differences Between Acute Schizophrenics and Their Parents in Relation to Measures of Violence

1982 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Seeman ◽  
Jerome A. Yesavage ◽  
Paul D. Werner ◽  
Jacqueline M. T. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Occupational Attainment ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
Psychiatric Status

SummarySocio-economic differences between schizophrenics on an acute in-patient unit and their parents were studied in relation to indices of dangerousness and of psychiatric status, It was found that, whatever their class of origin, a large proportion of patients had dropped in occupational attainment, relative to that of their parents, but that patients tended to be higher in education than their parents. Patients who had committed an assaultive act prior to admission were lower in social status than their parents.

scholarly journals Ideologi dan Kelas Sosial Pengarang dalam Novel Matinya Sang Penguasa Karya Nawal el Sadawi: Kajian Sastra Marxis

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Fajrul Falah
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Class Structure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Sociology Of Literature ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Lower Social Class ◽  
The Rich

This research is based on thought that the novel is an imitation or reflection of society (mimetis). There are motives, purpose, and messages the author wishes to convey through his opus. The object of this research is the novel Matinya Sang Penguasa (MSP) by Nawal el Sadawi. In the MSP, there is a social gap between the rich and the poor, and between the ruler and the people. Class gap and this social class contradiction enter domain sociology of literature, especially Marxist literature. This research aims to answer the problem how social aspects, Like the social class structure, the novel relationship with society, and the author's position or ideology that exists in the novel MSP. The results show that there is a social class contrast in the novel MSP. The upper social class is represented by the ruler (Walidesa), while the lower social class is represented by the people (Zakeya). The author's position and ideology appears in the lower classes, which seeks to fight for its rights and against the arbitrariness of the (authoritarian) authorities. This authoritarian ruler then elicits resistance from the people. The fight between the ruler and the people was won by the people.

Class and Classification

2018 ◽  
pp. 324-347
Author(s):  
Laura Weinrib
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Spatial Separation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
White Trash ◽  
Class A ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Status

Disgust plays a role in structuring social relationships across class lines. Revulsion and fear of contamination reinforce spatial separation and the stigmatization of poverty. Moreover, terms such as ‘white trash’ indicate that class-based disgust can operate in the absence of other markers of low social status for which poverty often serves as a proxy. Although class-based disgust is rarely the principal impetus for the legal regulation of wealth and social status, it has consistently contributed to laws that denigrate and segregate the poor. Meanwhile, the theoretical capacity of law to mitigate economic inequality and, by extension, status-based distinctions has helped to render social class a putatively permeable category that is denied heightened constitutional scrutiny. Building from these premises, this chapter considers whether law might be used to dismantle the status-based stratification that exacerbates and legitimates disgust and, more equivocally, whether disgust might in some situations be redeployed to spur legal and social change.

Comedy of disguise and mistaken identity

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. White
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
Professional Status ◽  
Romantic Comedy ◽  
Twelfth Night ◽  
Love Relationships ◽  
Mistaken Identity ◽  
As You Like It ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Rich

Conscious disguise and mistaken identity run through most of Shakespeare’s comedies as a theme, and they are central defining aspects of his romantic comedy. Underlying the pattern is a version of love which sees through superficialities to an inner compatibility between characters. It also raises questions of role-playing and its significance in love relationships. All these elements, in some shape or another, also occur regularly in Hollywood romantic comedy, and the disguises may involve not so much gender as in Shakespeare, but social and professional status. The rich impersonate poverty to test love, the poor play roles of higher social status to attract love, but the basic metaphor is as in Shakespeare’s disguised women in As You Like It and Twelfth Night.

scholarly journals Undernutrition and Adiposity in Children and Adolescents: A Nutrition Paradox in Bangladesh

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Abu Sayeed ◽  
Mir Masudur Rhaman ◽  
Akhter Banu ◽  
Hajera Mahtab
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Rich

Many studies reported a high prevalence of undernutrition in the under-5 children in Bangladesh. But very few information are available about undernutrition and adiposity among school children and adolescents in Bangladesh. This study addressed the prevalence of undernutrition and obesity among school going children and adolescents. A total of 15 secondary schools were purposively selected from rural, suburban and urban areas. The teachers were detailed about the study protocol. Then the teachers volunteered to register the eligible (age 10 – 18y) students for the study. Each student’s parent was interviewed for family income. Height (ht), weight (wt), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and blood pressure were taken. Fasting blood samples were collected for fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Body mass index (BMI) was calculated (ht/wt in met. sq) for diagnosis of undernutrition (BMI <18.5), normal weight (BMI 18.5 – 22.9) overweight (BMI 23.0 – 25.0) and obesity (BMI >25.0). A total of 2151 (m-1063, f-1088) students volunteered the study. Of them, the poor, middle and rich social classes were 25.4, 53.1 and 21.5%, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight and obesity were 57.4%, 35.0%, 4.9% and 2.7%, respectively. For gender comparison, there has been no significant difference of BMI between boys and girls. By social class, the prevalence of underweight was significantly higher in the poor than in the rich (62.2% v. 43.6%) and obesity was higher in the rich than in the poor (6.1% v. 1.2%) [for both, p<0.001]. Logistic regression showed that the participants from urban (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.03 – 2.22) and the rich (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.24 – 3.33) social class had excess risk for obesity. The risk for undernutrition was found just reverse. Undernutrition was found most prevalent among the rural students and among the poor social class; whereas, prevalence of overweight and obesity appears to be increasing with urbanization and increasing family income. Thus, the study showed a nutrition paradox – adiposity in the midst of many undernourished children and adolescents in Bangladesh. Further study may be undertaken in a large scale to establish diagnostic criteria for age specific nutrition assessment in Bangladesh. A prospective children cohort may help assessing the cut-offs for unhealthy sequels of undernutrition and adiposity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v6i1.14710 Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2012; 6(1): 1-8

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