scholarly journals Identifying Modifiable Factors Linking Parenting and Sleep in Racial/Ethnic Minority Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 867-876
Author(s):  
Lauren C Daniel ◽  
Jessica L Childress ◽  
Jamie L Flannery ◽  
Stephanie Weaver-Rogers ◽  
Wanda I Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
African American ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Parenting Skills ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Household Chaos ◽  
Child Sleep ◽  
Pediatric Insomnia

Abstract Background Young children from racial and ethnic minority backgrounds are at risk for poor sleep, yet few studies have tested behavioral interventions in diverse samples. This study tests factors that could contribute to associations between parenting skills and child sleep to inform interventions for children at risk of poor sleep outcomes. Specifically, we examined household chaos, caregiver sleep knowledge, and caregiver sleep quality as putative mediators that may be relevant to interventions seeking to improve child sleep. Methods Caregivers (M age 31.83 years; 46.2% African American; 52.1% Hispanic/Latinx, 95% female) of 119 1- to 5-year-old children (M age 3.99 years; 43.7% African American; 42.0% Hispanic/Latinx, 14.3% biracial; 51.3% female) completed measures of parenting practices, child and caregiver sleep, household chaos, and sleep knowledge. Indices of pediatric insomnia symptoms (difficulty falling/remaining asleep) and sleep health (sleep duration/hygiene) were constructed based on previous research. Parallel mediation models were conducted using ordinary least squares path analysis. Results Lower household chaos significantly attenuated the relationship between positive parenting skills and better child sleep health, suggesting chaos may serve as a potential mediator. There were no significant contributing factors in the pediatric insomnia model. Sleep knowledge was related to sleep health and caregiver sleep quality was related to pediatric insomnia, independent of parenting skills. Conclusion Interventions to improve sleep in early childhood may be enhanced by targeting parenting skills and household routines to reduce chaos. Future longitudinal research is needed to test household chaos and other potential mediators of child sleep outcomes over time.

scholarly journals Gambling Problems Are Associated with Alcohol Misuse and Insomnia: Results from a Representative National Telephone Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6683
Author(s):  
Hannah Briony Thorne ◽  
Matthew Justus Rockloff ◽  
Sally Anne Ferguson ◽  
Grace Elizabeth Vincent ◽  
Matthew Browne
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Online Gambling ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality

Gambling has significant costs to the community, with a health burden similar in scale to major depression. To reduce its impact, it is necessary to understand factors that may exacerbate harm from gambling. The gambling environment of late-night licensed venues and 24/7 online gambling has the potential to negatively impact sleep and increase alcohol consumption. This study explored gambling, alcohol, and sleep problems to understand whether there is a relationship between these three factors. Telephone interviews were conducted with a representative sample of Australian adults (n = 3760) combined across three waves of the National Social Survey. Participants completed screening measures for at-risk gambling, at-risk alcohol consumption, insomnia (2015 wave only), and sleep quality. There were small but significant positive correlations between problem gambling and alcohol misuse, problem gambling and insomnia, and problem gambling and poor sleep quality. A regression model showed that gambling problems and alcohol misuse were significant independent predictors of insomnia. A separate regression showed gambling problems (and not alcohol misuse) were a significant predictor of poor sleep quality, but only in one survey wave. Findings suggest that gambling, alcohol, and sleep problems are related within persons. Further research should examine the mechanisms through which this relationship exists.

scholarly journals Poor Sleep Health and Next Day Work Impairment: The Mediating Role of Fatigue

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
Breann LaRocque ◽  
Christina Mu ◽  
Soomi Lee
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Multilevel Models ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Work Impairment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Healthcare Professions ◽  
Ecological Momentary

Abstract Nightly sleep impacts next-day alertness and cognitive functioning. For healthcare professions, work impairment can be life-threatening for patients. Thus, understanding how sleep affects work quality is imperative to promoting medical safety and overall health of workers. The current study investigated whether nightly sleep health is associated with next-day work impairment in nurses and whether this association is mediated by daily fatigue. Sixty nurses reported their sleep characteristics, fatigue, and work impairment using ecological momentary assessment for two weeks. We used a series of multilevel models (a path: sleep→fatigue, b path: fatigue→work impairment, c path: sleep→work impairment, c′ path: sleep and fatigue→work impairment), adjusting for sociodemographics and work shift. At the between-person level, poorer sleep quality was associated with greater work impairment (βc=-23.36, p<.001). This association was mediated by fatigue such that poorer sleep quality was associated with greater fatigue (βa=-19.54, p<.01), which was further associated with greater work impairment (βb=0.79, p<.001). After including fatigue, the association of sleep quality with work impairment was reduced (βc′ =-7.07, p=.08). Similarly, fatigue mediated the relationship between sleep sufficiency and work impairment (βa=-16.49; βb=0.79; βc=-19.36; p<.001; βc′ =-6.32, p=.05). At the within-person level, on days after long sleep duration (>8hrs), nurses reported greater work impairment (βc=10.08, p<.01), however, this was not mediated by fatigue. Our results suggest that poor sleep health may impair next-day work performance, mostly through increased fatigue. Future interventions for nurses can target daily fatigue to reduce the adverse effects of poor sleep on work impairment.

scholarly journals Association of physical activity with sleep health: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Andrea Wendt ◽  
Thaynã Ramos Flores ◽  
Inácio Crochemore Mohnsam Silva ◽  
Fernando César Wehrmeister
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The aim of this study was to systematically examine the literature on physical activity and sleep in non-clinical and population-based settings. The inclusion criteria were original studies testing the association between physical activity (as exposure) and sleep (as outcome) in representative samples of the general population, workers, or undergraduate students. Sleep health included sleep duration, sleep quality and insomnia. Studies evaluating samples including only individuals with some disease or a health condition were excluded. A search was performed in the PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, CINAHL, and SPORTdiscus databases in March 2018. Data extraction was performed using the following items: year, author, country, population, age group, sample size, study design, sleep measurement/definition, physical activity measurement/definition, adjustment and main results. A total of 57 studies were selected, which markedly used heterogeneous instruments to measure physical activity and sleep. The majority were conducted in high-income countries and with cross-sectional design. Physical activity was associated with lower odds of insomnia (observed in 10 of 17 studies), poor sleep quality (observed in 12 of 19 studies) and long sleep duration (observed in 7 of 11 studies). The results about short sleep or continuous sleep duration remain unclear. Physical activity seems to be associated with sleep quality and insomnia, especially among adult and elderly populations in which these outcomes are more usually measured. The short- and long-term effects of physical activity intensities and dose-response on sleep should be better evaluated.

Sleep Epidemiology

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-46
Author(s):  
Susan Redline ◽  
Brian Redline ◽  
Peter James
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽  
Social Jetlag ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Quality Sleep ◽  
Different Dimensions

This chapter is a primer on sleep epidemiology—the methods of assessment on how sleep is measured (e.g., self-report [such as the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale] vs. with use of objective tools such as actigraphy); validity of sleep measurements; the different dimensions of sleep health and disorders that are of interest (e.g., sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep fragmentation, insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, social jetlag, snoring, narcolepsy, etc.); general sleep biology and physiology; and why sleep matters (i.e., the epidemiologic consequences of poor sleep health, e.g., connection to other health behaviors and health outcomes such as drug use; sexual risk behaviors; depression; dietary behaviors such as sugar-sweetened beverage consumption; cardiometabolic diseases like obesity, diabetes, and hypertension; and cancer outcomes such as breast cancer).

scholarly journals 0871 Air Pollution Exposure And Adverse Sleep Health Across The Life Course: A Systematic Review

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A332-A332
Author(s):  
J Liu ◽  
T Wu ◽  
J Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Air Pollution Exposure ◽  
Pollution Exposure

Abstract Introduction An increasing number of epidemiologic studies have examined air pollution as a possible contributor to adverse sleep health, but the results were mixed. The aims of this systematic review are to investigate and summarize the associations between exposures to air pollutants and various sleep measures across the lifespan. Methods PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsycInfo were searched through October 2019 to identify original data-based research examining the direct epidemiological associations between air pollution exposures, both ambient and indoor, and various sleep health measures, including sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep disturbances, and daytime sleepiness. Results Twenty-two articles from 2010-2019 spanning a wide range of study populations (from early childhood to elderly) and locations (10 Asian, 4 North American, 3 European, 5 other) were selected for inclusion. Due to variation in both exposure and outcome assessments, conducting a meta-analysis was not plausible. Twenty-one reported a generally positive association between exposure and poor sleep quality. While most studies focused on ambient air pollutants, five assessed the specific effect of indoor exposure. Increased exposure to both ambient and indoor pollutants is associated with increased respiratory sleep problems and a variety of additional adverse sleep outcomes in children and adolescents. In adults, air pollution exposure was most notably related to sleep disordered breathing severity. Conclusion Existing literature generally show negative relationships between exposure to air pollution and sleep health across different ages, countries, and measures. While many associations between air pollution and sleep outcomes have been investigated, the mixed study methodologies and use of subjective air pollution and sleep measures result in a wide range of specific associations. Plausible toxicological mechanisms remain inconclusive. Future studies utilizing objective sleep measures and controlling for all air pollution exposures an individual encounters may help ameliorate variability in the results reported by current published literature. Support yes

scholarly journals Sleep as a Mediator in the Pathway Linking Environmental Factors to Hypertension: A Review of the Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun A. Akinseye ◽  
Stephen K. Williams ◽  
Azizi Seixas ◽  
Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal ◽  
Julian Vallon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
African American Community ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Main Outcome Variable ◽  
The Impact

Environmental factors, such as noise exposure and air pollution, are associated with hypertension. These environmental factors also affect sleep quality. Given the growing evidence linking sleep quality with hypertension, the purpose of this review is to investigate the role of sleep as a key mediator in the association between hypertension and environmental factors. Through this narrative review of the extant literature, we highlight that poor sleep quality mediates the relationship between environmental factors and hypertension. The conceptual model proposed in this review offers opportunities to address healthcare disparities in hypertension among African Americans by highlighting the disparate impact that the predictors (environmental factors) and mediator (sleep) have on the African-American community. Understanding the impact of these factors is crucial since the main outcome variable (hypertension) severely burdens the African-American community.

scholarly journals Examining the Impact of Employment Status on Sleep Quality During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Two Low-Income Neighborhoods in Pittsburgh, PA

SLEEP ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D Baird ◽  
Tamara Dubowitz ◽  
Jonathan Cantor ◽  
Wendy M Troxel
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
American Adult ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Study Objectives African Americans have faced disproportionate socioeconomic and health consequences associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study examines employment and its association with sleep quality during the initial months of the pandemic in a low-income, predominantly African American adult sample. Methods In the early months of COVID-19 (March to May 2020), we administered a survey to an ongoing, longitudinal cohort of older adults to assess the impact of COVID-related changes in employment on self-reported sleep quality (N=460; 93.9% African American). Participants had prior sleep quality assessed in 2018 and a subset also had sleep quality assessed in 2013 and 2016. Primary analyses focused on the prevalence of poor sleep quality and changes in sleep quality between 2018 and 2020, according to employment status. Financial strain and prior income were assessed as moderators of the association between employment status and sleep quality. We plotted trend lines showing sleep quality from 2013 to 2020 in a subset (n=339) with all four waves of sleep data available. Results All participants experienced increases in poor sleep quality between 2018 and 2020, with no statistical differences between the employment groups. However, we found some evidence of moderation by financial strain and income. The trend analysis demonstrated increases in poor sleep quality primarily between 2018 and 2020. Conclusions Sleep quality worsened during the pandemic among low-income African American adults. Policies to support the financially vulnerable and marginalized populations could benefit sleep quality.

Efficacy of an m-Health Physical Activity and Sleep Intervention to Improve Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged Adults: The Refresh Study Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 470-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna T Rayward ◽  
Beatrice Murawski ◽  
Mitch J Duncan ◽  
Elizabeth G Holliday ◽  
Corneel Vandelanotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Wait List Control ◽  
Improve Sleep Quality ◽  
Middle Aged Adults

Abstract Background Poor sleep health is highly prevalent. Physical activity is known to improve sleep quality but not specifically targeted in sleep interventions. Purpose To compare the efficacy of a combined physical activity and sleep intervention with a sleep-only intervention and a wait-list control, for improving sleep quality in middle-aged adults without a diagnosed sleep disorder. Methods Three-arm randomized controlled trial (Physical Activity and Sleep Health (PAS), Sleep Health Only (SO), Wait-list Control (CON) groups; 3-month primary time-point, 6-month follow-up) of 275 (PAS = 110, SO = 110, CON = 55) inactive adults (40–65 years) reporting poor sleep quality. The main intervention component was a smartphone/tablet “app” to aid goal setting and self-monitoring physical activity and/or sleep hygiene behaviors (including stress management), and a pedometer for PAS group. Primary outcome was Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) global score. Secondary outcomes included several self-reported physical activity measures and PSQI subcomponents. Group differences were examined stepwise, first between pooled intervention (PI = PAS + SO) and CON groups, then between PAS and SO groups. Results Compared with CON, PI groups significantly improved PSQI global and subcomponents scores at 3 and 6 months. There were no differences in sleep quality between PAS and SO groups. The PAS group reported significantly less daily sitting time at 3 months and was significantly more likely to report ≥2 days/week resistance training and meeting physical activity guidelines at 6 months than the SO group. Conclusions PIs had statistically significantly improved sleep quality among middle-aged adults with poor sleep quality without a diagnosed sleep disorder. The adjunctive physical activity intervention did not additionally improve sleep quality. Clinical Trial information Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN12617000680369; Universal Trial number: U1111-1194-2680; Human Research Ethics Committee, Blinded by request of journal: H-2016-0267.

scholarly journals 1056 Perceived Financial Difficulty Predicts Sleep Quality In Participants With Type 2 Diabetes And Obstructive Sleep Apnea

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A401-A401
Author(s):  
J L Morris ◽  
L Baniak ◽  
S M Belcher ◽  
C Imes ◽  
F Luyster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
African American ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Financial Difficulty ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Introduction People with multiple chronic conditions such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are at increased risk for poor sleep quality. It is unclear if social determinants of health (SDoH) such as race, perceived financial difficulty, education, gender, and marital status are associated with sleep quality in this population. The purpose of this cross-sectional secondary analysis of data from the Diabetes Sleep Treatment Trial was to explore SDoH and disease severity as predictors of sleep quality in persons with both OSA and T2D. Methods Disease severity was measured by Apnea-Hypopnea Index [(AHI) ≥ 5] and A1C for glycemic control. SDoH included perceived financial difficulty (none/moderate-severe), race (White/African American), sex (f/m), marital status (no/yes), education (≤ or > 2 years post high school), and age. Sleep quality was measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Correlations and linear regression modeling investigated associations between SDoH and disease severity on sleep quality. Post-hoc correlations were explored for significant relations among SDoH. Results The sample (N = 229) was middle-aged (57.6 ± 10.0; 66 % White and 34% African American; and 54 % men vs. 46% women. Participants carried a high burden of disease (mean AHI = 20.7±18.1, mean A1C = 7.9 %±1.7%). Disease severity was not significantly associated with sleep quality (all p >.05). The perception of worse financial difficulty was the only SDoH that predicted worse sleep quality (b=-1.54, p=.015). Characteristics significantly associated with worse financial difficulty were being African American, female, ≤ 2 years post high school, and younger (all p<.01). Conclusion Financial difficulty may be a more important predictor of subjective measures of sleep quality than disease severity in patients with OSA and T2D. Researchers and clinicians should be aware of these characteristics as potential markers of vulnerability to poor sleep quality in this population. Support The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK096028) and through the Clinical +Translational Research Institute grants UL1TR001857 and UL1TR000005.

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