Recent advances in peptide signaling during Arabidopsis root development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byeong Wook Jeon ◽  
Min-Jung Kim ◽  
Shashank K Pandey ◽  
Eunkyoo Oh ◽  
Pil Joon Seo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Peptide Ligand ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Peptide Signaling ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Signaling Activation

Abstract Roots provide the plant with water and nutrients and anchor plants in a substrate. Root development is controlled by plant hormones and various sets of transcription factors. Recently, various small peptides and their cognate receptors have been identified to control root development. Small peptides bind to membrane-localized receptor-like kinases, inducing their dimerization with coreceptor proteins for signaling activation and giving rise to cellular signaling outputs. Small peptides function as local and long-distance signaling molecules involved in cell-to-cell communication networks, coordinating root development. In this review, we survey recent advances in the peptide ligand-mediated signaling pathways involved in the control of root development in Arabidopsis thaliana. We describe the interconnection between peptide signaling and conventional phytohormone signaling. Additionally, we discuss diversities of identified peptide-receptor interactions during plant root development.

Look Closely, the Beautiful May Be Small: Precursor-Derived Peptides in Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilde Olsson ◽  
Lisa Joos ◽  
Shanshuo Zhu ◽  
Kris Gevaert ◽  
Melinka A. Butenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Communication ◽  
Peptide Ligands ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Peptide Ligand ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Signaling Systems ◽  
Experimental Approaches ◽  
Biologically Active Peptide ◽  
Subsequent Activation ◽  
Complex Signaling

During the past decade, a flurry of research focusing on the role of peptides as short- and long-distance signaling molecules in plant cell communication has been undertaken. Here, we focus on peptides derived from nonfunctional precursors, and we address several key questions regarding peptide signaling. We provide an overview of the regulatory steps involved in producing a biologically active peptide ligand that can bind its corresponding receptor(s) and discuss how this binding and subsequent activation lead to specific cellular outputs. We discuss different experimental approaches that can be used to match peptide ligands with their receptors. Lastly, we explore how peptides evolved from basic signaling units regulating essential processes in plants to more complex signaling systems as new adaptive traits developed and how nonplant organisms exploit this signaling machinery by producing peptide mimics.

scholarly journals Peptide Signaling Pathways Regulate Plant Vascular Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingjian Yuan ◽  
Huanzhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Plant Hormone ◽  
Vascular Development ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Peptide Ligands ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Cambial Cell ◽  
Peptide Signaling ◽  
Cle Peptides ◽  
Hormone Signals

Plant small peptides, including CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-RELATED (CLE) and Epidermal Patterning Factor-Like (EPFL) peptides, play pivotal roles in coordinating developmental processes through cell-cell communication. Recent studies have revealed that the phloem-derived CLE peptides, CLE41/44 and CLE42, promote (pro-)cambial cell proliferation and inhibit xylem cell differentiation. The endodermis-derived EPFL peptides, EPFL4 and EPFL6, modulate vascular development in the stem. Further, several other peptide ligands CLE9, CLE10, and CLE45 play crucial roles in regulating vascular development in the root. The peptide signaling pathways interact with each other and crosstalk with plant hormone signals. In this mini-review, we summtarize the recent advances on peptides function in vascular development and discuss future perspectives for the research of the CLE and EPFL peptides.

CLE peptide signaling and nitrogen interactions in plant root development

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Araya ◽  
Nicolaus von Wirén ◽  
Hideki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Peptide Signaling ◽  
Cle Peptide

scholarly journals New avenues for systematically inferring cell-cell communication: through single-cell transcriptomics data

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 866-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Shao ◽  
Xiaoyan Lu ◽  
Jie Liao ◽  
Huajun Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Fan
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Receptor Interaction ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Transcriptomics Data ◽  
Phenotype Heterogeneity ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
Communication Study ◽  
Cell Cell

AbstractFor multicellular organisms, cell-cell communication is essential to numerous biological processes. Drawing upon the latest development of single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq), high-resolution transcriptomic data have deepened our understanding of cellular phenotype heterogeneity and composition of complex tissues, which enables systematic cell-cell communication studies at a single-cell level. We first summarize a common workflow of cell-cell communication study using scRNA-seq data, which often includes data preparation, construction of communication networks, and result validation. Two common strategies taken to uncover cell-cell communications are reviewed, e.g., physically vicinal structure-based and ligand-receptor interaction-based one. To conclude, challenges and current applications of cell-cell communication studies at a single-cell resolution are discussed in details and future perspectives are proposed.

scholarly journals Pancreatic Cancer Small Extracellular Vesicles (Exosomes): A Tale of Short- and Long-Distance Communication

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4844
Author(s):  
Mareike Waldenmaier ◽  
Tanja Seibold ◽  
Thomas Seufferlein ◽  
Tim Eiseler
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Tumor Formation ◽  
Pancreatic Stellate Cells ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Biomarker Analysis

Even with all recent advances in cancer therapy, pancreatic cancer still has a dismal 5-year survival rate of less than 7%. The most prevalent tumor subtype is pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDACs display an extensive crosstalk with their tumor microenvironment (TME), e.g., pancreatic stellate cells, but also immune cells to regulate tumor growth, immune evasion, and metastasis. In addition to crosstalk in the local TME, PDACs were shown to induce the formation of pre-metastatic niches in different organs. Recent advances have attributed many of these interactions to intercellular communication by small extracellular vesicles (sEVs, exosomes). These nanovesicles are derived of endo-lysosomal structures (multivesicular bodies) with a size range of 30–150 nm. sEVs carry various bioactive cargos, such as proteins, lipids, DNA, mRNA, or miRNAs and act in an autocrine or paracrine fashion to educate recipient cells. In addition to tumor formation, progression, and metastasis, sEVs were described as potent biomarker platforms for diagnosis and prognosis of PDAC. Advances in sEV engineering have further indicated that sEVs might once be used as effective drug carriers. Thus, extensive sEV-based communication and applications as platform for biomarker analysis or vehicles for treatment suggest a major impact of sEVs in future PDAC research.

scholarly journals Emerging mechanisms of dynein transport in the cytoplasm versus the cilium

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Intraflagellar Transport ◽  
Cytoplasmic Dynein ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Cell Interior ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cargo Transport ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Human Disorders ◽  
Cilia And Flagella

Two classes of dynein power long-distance cargo transport in different cellular contexts. Cytoplasmic dynein-1 is responsible for the majority of transport toward microtubule minus ends in the cell interior. Dynein-2, also known as intraflagellar transport dynein, moves cargoes along the axoneme of eukaryotic cilia and flagella. Both dyneins operate as large ATP-driven motor complexes, whose dysfunction is associated with a group of human disorders. But how similar are their mechanisms of action and regulation? To examine this question, this review focuses on recent advances in dynein-1 and -2 research, and probes to what extent the emerging principles of dynein-1 transport could apply to or differ from those of the less well-understood dynein-2 mechanoenzyme.

scholarly journals Long-Distance Movement of mRNAs in Plants

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Xia ◽  
Cankui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Vascular System ◽  
Physiological Characteristic ◽  
Small Peptides ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Systemic Signaling ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Specific Mrnas ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Long Distance Movement

Long-distance transport of information molecules in the vascular tissues could play an important role in regulating plant growth and enabling plants to cope with adverse environments. Various molecules, including hormones, proteins, small peptides and small RNAs have been detected in the vascular system and proved to have systemic signaling functions. Sporadic studies have shown that a number of mRNAs produced in the mature leaves leave their origin cells and move to distal tissues to exert important physiological functions. In the last 3–5 years, multiple heterograft systems have been developed to demonstrate that a large quantity of mRNAs are mobile in plants. Further comparison of the mobile mRNAs identified from these systems showed that the identities of these mRNAs are very diverse. Although species-specific mRNAs may regulate the unique physiological characteristic of the plant, mRNAs with conserved functions across multiple species are worth more effort in identifying universal physiological mechanisms existing in the plant kingdom.

scholarly journals Origins of Alterations to Rankl Null Mutant Mouse Dental Root Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 2201
Author(s):  
Andrea Gama ◽  
Jorge William Vargas-Franco ◽  
Diana Carolina Sánchez Mesa ◽  
Elizabeth Restrepo Bedoya ◽  
Jérome Amiaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Development ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Neutralizing Antibody ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Bone Cell Differentiation ◽  
Proliferating Cell

The purpose of the present study was to assess the early stages of development of mouse first molar roots in the osteopetrotic context of RANKL invalidation in order to demonstrate that the radicular phenotype observed resulted not only from defective osteoclasts, but also from loss of cell-to-cell communication among dental, periodontium and alveolar bone cells involving RANKL signaling. Two experimental models were used in this study: Rankl mutants with permanent RANKL invalidation, and C57BL/6J mice injected during the first postnatal week with a RANKL neutralizing antibody corresponding to a transient RANKL invalidation. The dento-alveolar complex was systematically analyzed using micro-CT, and histological and immunohistochemical approaches. These experiments showed that the root elongation alterations observed in the Rankl-/- mice were associated with reduced proliferation of the RANK-expressing HERS cells with a significant decrease in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and a significant increase in P21 expression. The phenotypic comparison of the adult first molar root at 35 days between permanent and transitory invalidations of RANKL made it possible to demonstrate that alterations in dental root development have at least two origins, one intrinsic and linked to proliferation/differentiation perturbations in dental-root-forming cells, the other extrinsic and corresponding to disturbances of bone cell differentiation/function.

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