Rheumatological manifestations of endocrine disorders

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Sharma ◽  
Gerry Rayman
Keyword(s):  
Population Studies ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Musculoskeletal Manifestations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Rheumatological Manifestations

There is considerable overlap of musculoskeletal manifestations of both rheumatological and endocrine disorders. Apart for the well-described autoimmune basis governing the aetiopathogenesis of clinical states pertaining to specific conditions affecting both systems, there is more recent evidence on the overlapping biology and genetics of these organ systems. Not uncommonly, endocrine manifestations can herald the initial presentation of rheumatological illnesses and the converse holds true for endocrinopathies. Rheumatologists and physicians alike need to be astutely aware of this overlap of symptomatology and also the physiology linking both groups of clinical conditions. This review discusses the common endocrine presentations associated with rheumatic illnesses in relation to newer information gleaned from population studies, genetic studies, and clinical presentations. A comprehensive list of rheumatological conditions found in endocrine states is also tabulated at the end.

Rheumatological manifestations of endocrine disorders

2013 ◽  
pp. 1457-1465
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Sharma ◽  
Gerry Rayman
Keyword(s):  
Initial Presentation ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Comprehensive List ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Musculoskeletal Manifestations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Rheumatological Manifestations

There is considerable overlap of musculoskeletal manifestations of both rheumatological and endocrine disorders. Apart for the well-described autoimmune basis governing the aetiopathogenesis of clinical states pertaining to specific conditions affecting both systems, there is more recent evidence on the overlapping biology and genetics of these organ systems. Not uncommonly, endocrine manifestations can herald the initial presentation of rheumatological illnesses and the converse holds true for endocrinopathies. Rheumatologists and physicians alike need to be astutely aware of this overlap of symptomatology and also the physiology linking both groups of clinical conditions. This review discusses the common endocrine presentations associated with rheumatic illnesses in relation to newer information gleaned from population studies, genetic studies, and clinical presentations. A comprehensive list of rheumatological conditions found in endocrine states is also tabulated at the end.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis Mimicking Lung Cancer and Metastasis Radiologically- A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harveen Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Presumptive Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Pulmonary Infiltration ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Tuberculosis (TB) is known to mimic several clinical conditions, especially malignancy. Pulmonary TB can present with pulmonary infiltration with or without mediastinal lymphadenopathy. TB often gets misdiagnosed in the countries having a low incidence of TB with a high incidence of lung cancer and varying clinical presentations, which results in delay in treatment initiation and unnecessary diagnostic procedures. We present a case of a 52-year old female, with a presumptive diagnosis of malignancy, which was subsequently proved as pulmonary tuberculosis with no evidence of malignancy instead.

scholarly journals Birth Injury: Birth Asphyxia and Birth Trauma

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-864
Author(s):  
Kim A. Collins ◽  
Edwina Popek
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Birth Trauma ◽  
Mechanical Trauma ◽  
Birth Injury ◽  
Permanent Damage ◽  
Severe Morbidity ◽  
Birth Injuries ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Organ Systems

Injury to a fetus or neonate during delivery can be due to several factors involving the fetus, placenta, mother, and/or instrumentation. Birth asphyxia results in hypoxia and ischemia, with global damage to organ systems. Birth trauma, that is mechanical trauma, can also cause asphyxia and/or morbidity and mortality based on the degree and anatomic location of the trauma. Some of these injuries resolve spontaneously with little or no consequence while others result in permanent damage and severe morbidity. Unfortunately, some birth injuries are fatal. To understand the range of birth injuries, one must know the risk factors, clinical presentations, pathology and pathophysiology, and postmortem autopsy findings. It is imperative for clinicians and pathologists to understand the causes of birth injury; recognize the radiographic, gross, and microscopic appearances of these injuries; differentiate them from inflicted postpartum trauma; and work to prevent future cases.

scholarly journals Rheumatological Adverse Events Following Immunotherapy for Cancer

Medicina ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Ioana Cretu ◽  
Bogdan Cretu ◽  
Catalin Cirstoiu ◽  
Adrian Cursaru ◽  
Mihaela Milicescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Rheumatic Manifestations ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Rheumatological Manifestations

Background and Objectives: The occurrence of rheumatological side effects in a patient after receiving immunotherapy for cancer is becoming increasingly common. Oncologists often fail to diagnose and refer affected patients to rheumatologists. This paper presents the various rheumatological adverse events that occur after immunotherapy in patients as well as their treatment and evolution. Materials and Methods: A total of 36 patients were monitored between November 2018 and March 2020. The oncologist monitoring the immunotherapy-treated patients identified the occurrence of musculoskeletal side effects. The grading of toxicities was performed by both the oncologist and the rheumatologist using common terminology criteria for adverse events (CTCAE). Rheumatological treatment was administered, and for some patients, immunotherapy was discontinued. Results: The clinical presentations of the patients varied. Mild side effects (grade 1–2) were reported in a higher proportion than severe side effects (grade 3–5). Therefore, thirty-one patients had mild-to-moderate side effects, and five patients had severe side effects. Adverse reactions occurred, on average, 10 weeks after the initiation of immunotherapy; this indicated that the severity of the toxicity was dose dependent. Patients were treated with NSAIDs or prednisone, depending on the severity of the side effects, and for patients with severe manifestations, immunotherapy was discontinued. The remission of rheumatic manifestations varied depending on the grade of the manifestations. Conclusions: The clinical, biological, and ultrasound presentations of the patients with adverse events followed by cancer treatments differed from classic rheumatological manifestations. Thorough examinations of these patients by both oncologists and rheumatologists are needed in order to correctly diagnose and treat rheumatological adverse events. Multiple studies that include a larger number of participants are needed in order to better understand the pathogenesis and clinical evolution of these patients under different treatment conditions.

scholarly journals Molecular detection and clinical aspects of porcine circovirus 3 infection in pigs from Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 1731-1736
Author(s):  
A.C.M. Cruz ◽  
I.L.F. Rodrigues ◽  
A.E. Souza ◽  
F.B. Knackfuss ◽  
R.L. Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Porcine Circovirus ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Porcine Circovirus 3 ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Swine Serum

ABSTRACT Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) DNA has been detected in serum samples from apparently healthy pigs as well as pigs with different clinical conditions. Molecular detection of PCV-3 was observed in swine serum samples from Southeastern - Brazil using a nested PCR designed specifically for this study. The epidemiology and clinical aspects of PCV-3 infection were evaluated. The samples originated from 154 pigs of both genders from different production phases and with different clinical presentations, sampled from 31 pig farms visited between 2013 and 2018. In this study, PCV-3 was detected in 26.7% of samples from all populations across varying ages. Statistical association (P=0.0285) was observed only between animals with respiratory signs and PCV-3; no PCV-3-positive animal had diarrhea. No statistical association was observed between PCV-3 and age, or gender of the pigs. Because PCV-3 is a newly discovered virus, there is very little information about its epidemiology. We hope that these data can help in future studies investigating PCV-3 epidemiology.

scholarly journals Case Report of Rare cause of Acute Hemolytic Anemia in Saudi Patient (Babesiosis)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadiga Ahmed Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Infected Patient ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Discharge From Hospital ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Babesiosis is one of the protozoan zoonotic diseases its presentation rang from asymptomatic to severe clinical conditions, with severe hemolysis. Immune status of the host and the species of the parasite has impact on the clinical presentations of the infected patient our patient is presented here; the patient was admitted from a countryside with severe anemia and a deterioration in his general condition, he was admitted to intense care unit and received blood transfusion, in addition to antimicrobial treatment in form of azithromycin and Ceftriaxon, his condition improve and released from ICU on the second day and discharge from hospital after improvement on the seventh day.

scholarly journals Experience of management of abdominal cysts

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 3404
Author(s):  
Dhananjay Vaze ◽  
Pranav Jhadav ◽  
Rajesh M. ◽  
Adarsh Hegde ◽  
Sanjay Raut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Urachal Cyst ◽  
Duct Cyst ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Abdominal Masses ◽  
The Common ◽  
Cystic Masses

Benign intra-abdominal cystic masses in children are rare and they have diverse etiopathogenesis, clinical presentation. The present study highlights the experience in the management of benign intra-abdominal cysts pertaining to the diverse etiologies associated with these lesions. The medical records of our hospital between November 2016 to November 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with cystic abdominal masses were studied with respect to less different clinical presentations, localization of masses, diagnostic tests, surgical aapproaches, histopathological examinations and outcome. Out of the 55 cases, most common lesion was a choledochal cyst. Miscellaneous diagnosis includes an omental cyst, urachal cyst and a pedunculated bile duct cyst. All the cystic lesions of the abdomen need to be considered as close differentials in clinical practice due to the common presentations and similar symptoms produced by these lesions. All the lesions were managed by exploratory laparotomy except two ovarian cysts which were managed with laparoscopic approach.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Pediatric COVID-19 Infection in Southeast Asia, South Asia, Japan, and China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Ju Ming Wong ◽  
Qalab Abbas ◽  
Soo Lin Chuah ◽  
Ririe Fachrina Malisie ◽  
Kah Min Pon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization

There is a scarcity of data regarding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in children from southeast and south Asia. This study aims to identify risk factors for severe COVID-19 disease among children in the region. This is an observational study of children with COVID-19 infection in hospitals contributing data to the Pediatric Acute and Critical Care COVID-19 Registry of Asia. Laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were included in this registry. The primary outcome was severity of COVID-19 infection as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) (mild, moderate, severe, or critical). Epidemiology, clinical and laboratory features, and outcomes of children with COVID-19 are described. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for severe/critical disease. A total of 260 COVID-19 cases from eight hospitals across seven countries (China, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, and Pakistan) were included. The common clinical manifestations were similar across countries: fever (64%), cough (39%), and coryza (23%). Approximately 40% of children were asymptomatic, and overall mortality was 2.3%, with all deaths reported from India and Pakistan. Using the multivariable model, the infant age group, presence of comorbidities, and cough on presentation were associated with severe/critical COVID-19. This epidemiological study of pediatric COVID-19 infection demonstrated similar clinical presentations of COVID-19 in children across Asia. Risk factors for severe disease in children were age younger than 12 months, presence of comorbidities, and cough at presentation. Further studies are needed to determine whether differences in mortality are the result of genetic factors, cultural practices, or environmental exposures.

Clinical Applications of Electrogastrography

2003 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia ◽  
Early Satiety ◽  
Postprandial Fullness ◽  
Upper Gi ◽  
Gastric Dysrhythmias ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Nausea ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Electrogastrography methods have been used in many clinical studies over the past 80 years. In 1922,Alvarez predicated that electrical abnormalities of the stomach may be related to gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and abnormal gastric function. In 1980, antral dysrhythmias were recorded with mucosal electrodes in a series of patients with unexplained nausea and vomiting. These gastric dysrhythmias were 6— to 7—cycles per minute (cpm) tachygastrias, bu there were also very irregular rhythms that changed from bradygastria to tachygastria (mixed dysrhythmias or tachyarrhythmias). Bradygastrias also were recorded in patients with unexplained nausea and vomiting. Further studies showed a relationship between the presence of nausea and gastric dysrhythmias during motion sickness, in nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, and in patients with idiopathic and diabetic gastroparesis. Infusion of a variety of drugs and physical distention of the antrum also induced gastric dysrhythmias and symptoms of nausea. Ischemic gastroparesis with gastric dysrhythmias due to chronic mesenteric ischemia is an unusual cause of chronic nausea and vomiting. Ischemic gastroparesis is important to recognize because after revascularization the symptoms resolved, the gastric dysrhythmias were eradicated and normal 3-cpm EGG activity and normal gastric emptying were restored. Thus, gastric dysrhythmias are found in many disorders in which nausea and vomiting are prominent symptoms. Clinical conditions associated with gastric dysrhythmias were reviewed. Finally, a variety of drugs and nondrug therapies convert gastric dysrhythmias to normal 3-cpm gastric myoelectrical rhythms and the correction of the gastric dysrhythmia correlates with improvement in symptoms. Taken together, these findings indicate that gastric dysrhythmias are objective, pathophysiological events related to the upper GI symptoms, especially nausea and dysmotility-like functional dyspepsia symptoms such as early satiety, fullness, and vomiting. The recording of gastric dysrhythmias is an important tool for the clinician when patients have symptoms that suggest gastric dysfunction such as unexplained nausea, bloating, postprandial fullness, and early satiety. On the other hand, these upper GI symptoms are nonspecific, and diseases or disorders of other organ systems such as esophagus, gallbladder, small bowel, colon, and non-GI diseases must be considered.

Childhood endocrinology

2011 ◽  
pp. 1006-1013
Author(s):  
Guy Van Vliet
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Gonadal Hormones ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
Paediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Embryonic Life ◽  
The Common

Between embryonic life and the end of growth, the endocrine milieu undergoes profound changes that need to be known to understand the common paediatric endocrine disorders, to interpret results of hormone assays in newborns, infants, children, and adolescents properly, and to take advantage of some periods of life that are ‘windows of opportunity’ for some diagnoses. In this section, we will review these changes from the perspective of a practising paediatric endocrinologist. The main focus is on the ‘classical’ endocrine axes—growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH)/somatostatin–growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor, gonadotropin-releasing hormone–luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)–gonadal hormones, TRH–TSH–thyroid hormones, corticotropin-releasing factor–-adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)–adrenal steroids. Glucose and mineral metabolism will also be briefly discussed, as will childhood obesity. The increasing role of DNA-based diagnosis in paediatric endocrinology will also be highlighted.

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