MO1156,7-DIHYDROXYCOUMARIN AMELIORATE EXPERIMENTAL NEPHROLITHIASIS BY INHIBITING MLKL PHOSPHORYLATION
Abstract Background and Aims Intrarenal deposition of organic and inorganic minerals attributes towards the pathogenesis of nephrolithiasis. Various current studies implicates crystal mineralization involves necroinflammation for the progression of crystal induced chronic kidney diseases (CKD). We hypothesized that 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (6,7-DHC) inhibits calcium oxalate (CaOx) induced necroptosis and ameliorates nephrolithiasis. Method We used an in vitro unbiased high content screening for identifying natural compounds that inhibits CaOx induced necroptosis. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations were done to study the interaction between 6,7-DHC - MLKL. Further, for in vivo studies mice and rats models of nephrolithiasis were used. Renal injuries, CaOx deposition and fibrosis were evaluated using histological analysis. Protein expressions were assessed using immunoblots. Data was analysed using one way ANOVA. Results An unbiased in vitro high content screening of a library of 24 natural compounds identified 6,7-DHC as a potential candidate. Further, pretreatment with 6,7-DHC protected human and mouse cells from CaOx crystal mediated necroptosis in vitro. Treatment with 6,7-DHC also protected both mice and rats from nephrolithiasis. Computational modelling have revealed 6,7-DHC interacts with MLKL and inhibits its phosphorylation by ATP which is a key event in necroptosis signaling cascade. Conclusion All together our studies indicates that 6,7-DHC owns a novel pharmacological inhibitory property towards MLKL and it could serve as a lead molecule for further development of novel coumarin based MLKL inhibitors. Moreover, our findings also suggests that 6,7-DHC could be used as a therapeutic strategy for combating nephrolithiasis.