scholarly journals Increased risk of cancer in chronic dialysis patients: a population-based cohort study in Taiwan

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 1585-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-F. Lin ◽  
Y.-H. Li ◽  
C.-H. Wang ◽  
C.-L. Chou ◽  
D.-J. Kuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chronic Dialysis ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

scholarly journals Cancer Incidence in Patients With Acromegaly: A Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 2182-2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Dal ◽  
Michelle Z Leisner ◽  
Kasper Hermansen ◽  
Dóra Körmendiné Farkas ◽  
Mads Bengtsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Tract Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Abstract Context Acromegaly has been associated with increased risk of cancer morbidity and mortality, but research findings remain conflicting and population-based data are scarce. We therefore examined whether patients with acromegaly are at higher risk of cancer. Design A nationwide cohort study (1978 to 2010) including 529 acromegaly cases was performed. Incident cancer diagnoses and mortality were compared with national rates estimating standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). A meta-analysis of cancer SIRs from 23 studies (including the present one) was performed. Results The cohort study identified 81 cases of cancer after exclusion of cases diagnosed within the first year [SIR 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.9 to 1.4]. SIRs were 1.4 (95% CI, 0.7 to 2.6) for colorectal cancer, 1.1 (95% CI, 0.5 to 2.1) for breast cancer, and 1.4 (95% CI, 0.6 to 2.6) for prostate cancer. Whereas overall mortality was elevated in acromegaly (SIR 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1 to 1.6), cancer-specific mortality was not. The meta-analysis yielded an SIR of overall cancer of 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2 to 1.8). SIRs were elevated for colorectal cancer, 2.6 (95% CI, 1.7 to 4.0); thyroid cancer, 9.2 (95% CI, 4.2 to 19.9); breast cancer, 1.6 (1.1 to 2.3); gastric cancer, 2.0 (95% CI, 1.4 to 2.9); and urinary tract cancer, 1.5 (95% CI, 1.0 to 2.3). In general, cancer SIR was higher in single-center studies and in studies with <10 cancer cases. Conclusions Cancer incidence rates were slightly elevated in patients with acromegaly in our study, and this finding was supported by the meta-analysis of 23 studies, although it also suggested the presence of selection bias in some earlier studies.

scholarly journals Cancer risk in individuals with intellectual disability in Sweden: A population-based cohort study

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. e1003840
Author(s):  
Qianwei Liu ◽  
Hans-Olov Adami ◽  
Abraham Reichenberg ◽  
Alexander Kolevzon ◽  
Fang Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sibling Comparison ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Background A knowledge gap exists about the risk of cancer in individuals with intellectual disability (ID). The primary aim of this study was to estimate the cancer risk among individuals with ID compared to individuals without ID. Methods and findings We conducted a population-based cohort study of all children live-born in Sweden between 1974 and 2013 and whose mothers were born in a Nordic country. All individuals were followed from birth until cancer diagnosis, emigration, death, or 31 December 2016 (up to age 43 years), whichever came first. Incident cancers were identified from the Swedish Cancer Register. We fitted Cox regression models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as measures of cancer risk in relation to ID after adjusting for several potential confounders. We analyzed ID by severity, as well as idiopathic ID and syndromic ID separately. We performed a sibling comparison to investigate familial confounding. The study cohort included a total of 3,531,305 individuals, including 27,956 (0.8%) individuals diagnosed with ID. Compared with the reference group (individuals without ID and without a full sibling with ID), individuals with ID were in general more likely to be male. The median follow-up time was 8.9 and 23.0 years for individuals with ID and individuals without ID, respectively. A total of 188 cancer cases were identified among individuals with ID (incidence rate [IR], 62 per 1,000 person-years), and 24,960 among individuals in the reference group (IR, 31 per 1,000 person-years). A statistically significantly increased risk was observed for any cancer (HR 1.57, 95% CI 1.35–1.82; P < 0.001), as well as for several cancer types, including cancers of the esophagus (HR 28.4, 95% CI 6.2–130.6; P < 0.001), stomach (HR 6.1, 95% CI 1.5–24.9; P = 0.013), small intestine (HR 12.0, 95% CI 2.9–50.1; P < 0.001), colon (HR 2.0, 95% CI 1.0–4.1; P = 0.045), pancreas (HR 6.0, 95% CI 1.5–24.8; P = 0.013), uterus (HR 11.7, 95% CI 1.5–90.7; P = 0.019), kidney (HR 4.4, 95% CI 2.0–9.8; P < 0.001), central nervous system (HR 2.7, 95% CI 2.0–3.7; P < 0.001), and other or unspecified sites (HR 4.8, 95% CI 1.8–12.9; P = 0.002), as well as acute lymphoid leukemia (HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.3–4.4; P = 0.003) and acute myeloid leukemia (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.4–6.4; P = 0.004). Cancer risk was not modified by ID severity or sex but was higher for syndromic ID. The sibling comparison showed little support for familial confounding. The main study limitations were the limited statistical power for the analyses of specific cancer types, and the potential for underestimation of the studied associations (e.g., due to potential underdetection or delayed diagnosis of cancer among individuals with ID). Conclusions In this study, we found that individuals with ID showed an increased risk of any cancer, as well as of several specific cancer types. These findings suggest that extended surveillance and early intervention for cancer among individuals with ID are warranted.

scholarly journals Abatacept initiation in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of cancer: a population-based comparative cohort study

Rheumatology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Montastruc ◽  
Christel Renoux ◽  
Sophie Dell’Aniello ◽  
Teresa A Simon ◽  
Laurent Azoulay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Specific Cancer ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
Melanoma Skin

Abstract Objective To assess whether abatacept as initial biological DMARD (bDMARD) in the treatment of RA, when compared with other bDMARDs, is associated with an increased risk of cancer overall and by specific cancer sites (breast, lung, lymphoma, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer). Methods We performed a population-based cohort study among patients newly treated with bDMARDs within the US-based Truven MarketScan population and Supplemental US Medicare from 2007 to 2014. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% CIs of any cancer (and specific cancers) associated with initiation of abatacept, compared with initiation of other bDMARDs, adjusted for age and deciles of the propensity score. Results The cohort included 4328 patients on abatacept and 59 860 on other bDMARDs, of whom 409 and 4197 were diagnosed with any cancer during follow-up (incidence rates 4.76 per 100 per year and 3.41 per 100 per year, respectively). Compared with other bDMARDs, the use of abatacept was associated with an increased incidence of cancer overall (hazard ratioadjusted 1.17; 95% CI 1.06, 1.30). Analyses by specific cancer sites showed a significantly increased incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (hazard ratioadjusted 1.20; 95% CI 1.03, 1.39), but no significant difference for other specific cancer sites. Conclusion The use of abatacept as first bDMARD in the treatment of RA was associated with a slight increased risk of cancer overall and particularly non-melanoma skin cancer, compared with other bDMARDs. This potential signal needs to be replicated in other settings.

Increased risk of cancer in ulcerative colitis: a population-based cohort study

1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 1047-1052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Karlen ◽  
Robert Lofberg ◽  
Olle Brostrom ◽  
Carl-Eric Leijonmarck ◽  
Goran Hellers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Microscopic Colitis and Risk Of Cancer—AA Population-Based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bergman ◽  
Hamed Khalili ◽  
Bjorn Roelstraete ◽  
Jonas F Ludvigsson
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Microscopic Colitis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background and Aims The association between microscopic colitis [MC] and cancer risk is unclear. Large, population-based studies are lacking. Methods We conducted a nationwide cohort study of 11 758 patients with incident MC [diagnosed 1990–2016 in Sweden], 50 828 matched reference individuals, and 11 614 siblings to MC patients. Data were obtained through Sweden´s pathology departments and from the Swedish Cancer Register. Adjusted hazard ratios [aHRs] were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models. Results At the end of follow-up [mean: 6.7 years], 1239 [10.5%] of MC patients had received a cancer diagnosis, compared with 4815 [9.5%] of reference individuals (aHR 1.08 [95% confidence interval1.02–1.16]). The risk of cancer was highest during the first year of follow up. The absolute excess risks for cancer at 5, 10, and 20 years after MC diagnosis were + 1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.4%-1.6%), +1.5% [0.4%-2.6%], and + 3.7% [-2.3–9.6%], respectively, equivalent to one extra cancer event in every 55 individuals with MC followed for 10 years. MC was associated with an increased risk of lymphoma (aHR 1.43 [1.06–1.92]) and lung cancer (aHR 1.32 [1.04–1.68]) but with decreased risks of colorectal (aHR 0.52 [0.40–0.66]) and gastrointestinal cancers (aHR 0.72 [0.60–0.85]). We found no association with breast or bladder cancer. Using siblings as reference group to minimise the impact of shared genetic and early environmental factors, patients with MC were still at an increased risk of cancer (HR 1.20 [1.06–1.36]). Conclusions This nationwide cohort study demonstrated an 8% increased risk of cancer in MC patients. The risk was highest during the first year of follow-up.

scholarly journals Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Chronic Dialysis Population: A Multicenter Cohort Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chi Yuen Cheung ◽  
Gary C.W. Chan ◽  
Siu Kim Chan ◽  
Flora Ng ◽  
Man Fai Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Kidney Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Chronic Dialysis ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
Multicenter Cohort Study ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Individualized Approach ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Background: Different studies in the past have shown that the risk of cancer development is increased in chronic dialysis patients. However, data concerning the cancer risk in Asian dialysis patients was scarce. More importantly, there was lack of information about the cancer-specific mortality in dialysis patients. Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study of 6,254 patients who started either chronic peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis between 1994 and 2014 in 4 renal units in Hong Kong. Patterns of cancer incidence and mortality in our dialysis patients were compared with those of the general population using standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) respectively. Results: With 14,887 person-years of follow-up, 220 cancers were recorded. The SIR of all cancers was 1.44 (95% CI 1.26-1.65). A trend of an increased SIR was observed in young patients and within the first year of dialysis. Colorectum was the most common site of cancer (20%) while kidney cancer carried the highest risk (SIR 12.28, 95% CI 8.44-17.08). The SMR of all cancers was 0.91 (95% CI 0.72-1.13) and only kidney cancer had higher cancer mortality risk (SMR 4.92, 95% CI 1.80-10.70). SMR was highest in young patients and then decreased with age. Conclusions: The incidence of cancers in our chronic dialysis patients was elevated. Our findings of substantially increased risks in young patients, particularly in relation to kidney cancer, suggest that we can adopt a more individualized approach to cancer screening in chronic dialysis patients.

scholarly journals Venous Thromboembolism and Risk of Cancer in Patients with Dementia: A Danish Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Cecilia H. Fuglsang ◽  
David Nagy ◽  
Frederikke S. Troelsen ◽  
Dora K. Farkas ◽  
Victor W. Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
General Population ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Year ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) may be the first manifestation of occult cancer. Dementia has been linked to reduced cancer risk. Objective: We examined the risk of cancer following VTE in people with dementia in comparison to the risk in the general population. Methods: We conducted a population-based Danish registry-based cohort study following patients with a first-time VTE and a previous or concurrent diagnosis of dementia during the period 1 April 1996 –31 December 2017. We followed the study participants from date of VTE until diagnosis of cancer, death, emigration, or end of study period, whichever came first. The absolute risk of cancer within one year after VTE was computed, treating death as a competing risk. We calculated gender, age, and calendar-period standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of cancer based on national cancer rates. Results: We followed 3,552 people with dementia and VTE for a median of 1.3 years. Within the first year after VTE, they had a 90%increased risk of cancer in comparison with the general population [SIR: 1.9 (95%confidence interval: 1.6–2.4)]. During subsequent follow-up years, the SIR fell to 0.7 (95%confidence interval: 0.5–0.8). Findings for Alzheimer’s disease and VTE were similar. Conclusion: People with dementia have an increased risk of a cancer diagnosis during the first year following VTE, perhaps related to increased surveillance, and a lower risk thereafter. Overall risk is similar to that of the general population.

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