scholarly journals Survival of patients treated with extended-hours haemodialysis in Europe: an analysis of the ERA-EDTA Registry

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thijs T Jansz ◽  
Marlies Noordzij ◽  
Anneke Kramer ◽  
Eric Laruelle ◽  
Cécile Couchoud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Improve Patient Survival ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Improve Patient

Abstract Background Previous US studies have indicated that haemodialysis with ≥6-h sessions [extended-hours haemodialysis (EHD)] may improve patient survival. However, patient characteristics and treatment practices vary between the USA and Europe. We therefore investigated the effect of EHD three times weekly on survival compared with conventional haemodialysis (CHD) among European patients. Methods We included patients who were treated with haemodialysis between 2010 and 2017 from eight countries providing data to the European Renal Association–European Dialysis and Transplant Association Registry. Haemodialysis session duration and frequency were recorded once every year or at every change of haemodialysis prescription and were categorized into three groups: CHD (three times weekly, 3.5–4 h/treatment), EHD (three times weekly, ≥6 h/treatment) or other. In the primary analyses we attributed death to the treatment at the time of death and in secondary analyses to EHD if ever initiated. We compared mortality risk for EHD to CHD with causal inference from marginal structural models, using Cox proportional hazards models weighted for the inverse probability of treatment and censoring and adjusted for potential confounders. Results From a total of 142 460 patients, 1338 patients were ever treated with EHD (three times, 7.1 ± 0.8 h/week) and 89 819 patients were treated exclusively with CHD (three times, 3.9 ± 0.2 h/week). Crude mortality rates were 6.0 and 13.5/100 person-years. In the primary analyses, patients treated with EHD had an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 0.73 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.62–0.85] compared with patients treated with CHD. When we attributed all deaths to EHD after initiation, the HR for EHD was comparable to the primary analyses [HR 0.80 (95% CI 0.71–0.90)]. Conclusions EHD is associated with better survival in European patients treated with haemodialysis three times weekly.

Efficacy outcomes of nivolumab + cabozantinib versus pembrolizumab + axitinib in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (aRCC): Matching-adjusted indirect comparison (MAIC).

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4578-4578
Author(s):  
Bradley Alexander McGregor ◽  
Daniel M. Geynisman ◽  
Mauricio Burotto ◽  
Camillo Porta ◽  
Cristina Suarez Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Objective Response ◽  
Indirect Comparison ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Wald Test ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models

4578 Background: Nivolumab in combination with cabozantinib (N+C) has demonstrated significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and overall survival (OS), compared with sunitinib as a first-line (1L) treatment for aRCC in the phase 3 CheckMate (CM) 9ER trial. As there are no head-to-head trials comparing N+C with pembrolizumab in combination with axitinib (P+A), this study compared the efficacy of N+C with P+A as 1L treatment in aRCC. Methods: An MAIC was conducted using individual patient data on N+C (N = 323) from the CM 9ER trial (median follow-up: 23.5 months) and published data on P+A (N = 432) from the KEYNOTE (KN)-426 trialof P+A (median follow-up: 30.6 months). Individual patients within the CM 9ER trial population were reweighted to match the key patient characteristics published in KN-426 trial, including age, gender, previous nephrectomy, International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium risk score, and sites of metastasis. After weighting, hazards ratios (HR) of PFS, duration of response (DoR), and OS comparing N+C vs. P+A were estimated using weighted Cox proportional hazards models, and ORR was compared using a weighted Wald test. All comparisons were conducted using the corresponding sunitinib arms as an anchor. Results: After weighting, patient characteristics in the CM 9ER trial were comparable to those in the KN-426 trial. In the weighted population, N+C had a median PFS of 19.3 months (95% CI: 15.2, 22.4) compared to a median PFS of 15.7 months (95% CI: 13.7, 20.6) for P+A. Using sunitinib as an anchor arm, N+C was associated with a 30% reduction in risk of progression or death compared to P+A, (HR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.93; P = 0.015; table). In addition, N+C was associated with numerically, although not statistically, higher improvement in ORR vs sunitinib (difference: 8.4%, 95% CI: -1.7%, 18.4%; P = 0.105) and improved DoR (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.47, 1.31; P = 0.359). Similar OS outcomes were observed for N+C and P+A (HR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.67, 1.44; P = 0.940). Conclusions: After adjusting for cross-trial differences, N+C had a more favorable efficacy profile compared to P+A, including statistically significant PFS benefits, numerically improved ORR and DoR, and similar OS.[Table: see text]

scholarly journals Failure to reach uric acid target of <0.36 mmol/L in hyperuricaemia of gout is associated with elevated total and cardiovascular mortality

RMD Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. e001015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Pérez Ruiz ◽  
Pascal Richette ◽  
Austin G Stack ◽  
Ravichandra Karra Gurunath ◽  
Ma Jesus García de Yébenes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Related Mortality

ObjectiveTo determine the impact of achieving serum uric acid (sUA) of <0.36 mmol/L on overall and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in patients with gout.MethodsProspective cohort of patients with gout recruited from 1992 to 2017. Exposure was defined as the average sUA recorded during the first year of follow-up, dichotomised as ≤ or >0.36 mmol/L. Bivariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine mortality risks, expressed HRs and 95% CIs.ResultsOf 1193 patients, 92% were men with a mean age of 60 years, 6.8 years’ disease duration, an average of three to four flares in the previous year, a mean sUA of 9.1 mg/dL at baseline and a mean follow-up 48 months; and 158 died. Crude mortality rates were significantly higher for an sUA of ≥0.36 mmol/L, 80.9 per 1000 patient-years (95% CI 59.4 to 110.3), than for an sUA of <0.36 mmol/L, 25.7 per 1000 patient-years (95% CI 21.3 to 30.9). After adjustment for age, sex, CV risk factors, previous CV events, observation period and baseline sUA concentration, an sUA of ≥0.36 mmol/L was associated with elevated overall mortality (HR=2.33, 95% CI 1.60 to 3.41) and CV mortality (HR=2.05, 95% CI 1.21 to 3.45).ConclusionsFailure to reach a target sUA level of 0.36 mmol/L in patients with hyperuricaemia of gout is an independent predictor of overall and CV-related mortality. Targeting sUA levels of <0.36 mmol/L should be a principal goal in these high-risk patients in order to reduce CV events and to extend patient survival.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status in Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer: Findings From Intergroup Trial N9741

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 1599-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimmie Ng ◽  
Daniel J. Sargent ◽  
Richard M. Goldberg ◽  
Jeffrey A. Meyerhardt ◽  
Erin M. Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Stage Iv Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models

Purpose Previous studies have suggested that higher plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D] levels are associated with decreased colorectal cancer risk and improved survival, but the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in advanced colorectal cancer and its influence on outcomes are unknown. Patients and Methods We prospectively measured plasma 25(OH)D levels in 515 patients with stage IV colorectal cancer participating in a randomized trial of chemotherapy. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as 25(OH)D lower than 20 ng/mL, insufficiency as 20 to 29 ng/mL, and sufficiency as ≥ 30 ng/mL. We examined the association between baseline 25(OH)D level and selected patient characteristics. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for death, disease progression, and tumor response, adjusted for prognostic factors. Results Among 515 eligible patients, 50% of the study population was vitamin D deficient, and 82% were vitamin D insufficient. Plasma 25(OH)D levels were lower in black patients compared to white patients and patients of other race (median, 10.7 v 21.1 v 19.3 ng/mL, respectively; P < .001), and females compared to males (median, 18.3 v 21.7 ng/mL, respectively; P = .0005). Baseline plasma 25(OH)D levels were not associated with patient outcome, although given the distribution of plasma levels in this cohort, statistical power for survival analyses were limited. Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among patients with stage IV colorectal cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy, particularly in black and female patients.

Differences in survival for metastatic colorectal cancer patients by lines of therapy received.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14016-e14016
Author(s):  
Brian S. Seal ◽  
Benjamin Chastek ◽  
Mahesh Kulakodlu ◽  
Satish Valluri
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Research Database ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Similar Survival ◽  
The Impact

e14016 Background: Improvements in survival for advanced-stage CRC patients who receive chemotherapy have been reported. We compared survival rates for patients with 3+ vs. <3 lines of therapy. Methods: Adult patients with a diagnosis of CRC between 01/01/05 and 05/31/10 were identified from the Impact Intelligence Oncology Management (IIOM) registry. Patients with either stage 4 CRC at original diagnosis or development of metastasis were included. Registry data included original stage and date of diagnosis. Linked healthcare claims from the Life Sciences Research Database, a large US health insurance database affiliated with OptumInsight, were used to identify lines of therapy after metastases and patient characteristics. Death data were obtained from the Social Security Administration’s master death file. Patients were categorized by number of lines of therapy received (0, 1, 2, 3+) and original stage at diagnosis (0-2, 3, 4, unknown). Survival following metastases was evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models controlling for lines of therapy received, stage, and other patient characteristics. Results: 598 patients, followed for a mean of 653 days after becoming metastatic, were included. Mean unadjusted length of follow-up was lowest among patients who received no chemotherapy (516 days) or only 1 line (511 days), and increased to 627 days for those with 2 lines and 930 days for those with 3+ lines. However, multivariate analysis indicated that patients with 3+ lines had comparable survival vs. those with 0 (HR=0.79), 1 (HR=1.59), or 2 (HR=1.15) lines of therapy (p>0.05 for all comparisons). Compared to patients who presented with stage 4 CRC, those who progressed from stage 0-2 (HR=1.22), stage 3 (HR=0.83), or unknown stage (HR=1.18) had similar survival after metastases (p>0.05 for all comparisons). After excluding 94 patients who didn’t receive chemotherapy, patients treated with an oxaliplatin-based regimen (HR=1.28; p=0.24) in first line had similar survival compared to patients treated with an irinotecan-based or anti-EGFR regimen in first line. Conclusions: Lines of therapy received and initial stage were not associated with survival after development of metastases.

scholarly journals Factors Predicting Treatment of World Trade Center-Related Lung Injury: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 9056
Author(s):  
Barbara Putman ◽  
Lies Lahousse ◽  
David G. Goldfarb ◽  
Rachel Zeig-Owens ◽  
Theresa Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Beta Agonist ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Trade Center

The factors that predict treatment of lung injury in occupational cohorts are poorly defined. We aimed to identify patient characteristics associated with initiation of treatment with inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta-agonist (ICS/LABA) >2 years among World Trade Center (WTC)-exposed firefighters. The study population included 8530 WTC-exposed firefighters. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association of patient characteristics with ICS/LABA treatment for >2 years over two-year intervals from 11 September 2001–10 September 2017. Cox proportional hazards models measured the association of high probability of ICS/LABA initiation with actual ICS/LABA initiation in subsequent intervals. Between 11 September 2001–1 July 2018, 1629/8530 (19.1%) firefighters initiated ICS/LABA treatment for >2 years. Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s (FEV1), wheeze, and dyspnea were consistently and independently associated with ICS/LABA treatment. High-intensity WTC exposure was associated with ICS/LABA between 11 September 2001–10 September 2003. The 10th percentile of risk for ICS/LABA between 11 September 2005–10 Septmeber 2007 was associated with a 3.32-fold increased hazard of actual ICS/LABA initiation in the subsequent 4 years. In firefighters with WTC exposure, FEV1, wheeze, and dyspnea were independently associated with prolonged ICS/LABA treatment. A high risk for treatment was identifiable from routine monitoring exam results years before treatment initiation.

scholarly journals Demographics and Clinical Features of Postresuscitation Comorbidities in Long-Term Survivors of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A National Follow-Up Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Pei Su ◽  
Jr-Hau Wu ◽  
Mei-Chueh Yang ◽  
Ching-Hui Liao ◽  
Hsiu-Ying Hsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
New Onset

The outcome of patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is very poor, and postresuscitation comorbidities increase long-term mortality. This study aims to analyze new-onset postresuscitation comorbidities in patients who survived from OHCA for over one year. The Taiwan National Health Insurance (NHI) Database was used in this study. Study and comparison groups were created to analyze the risk of suffering from new-onset postresuscitation comorbidities from 2011 to 2012 (until December 31, 2013). The study group included 1,346 long-term OHCA survivors; the comparison group consisted of 4,038 matched non-OHCA patients. Demographics, patient characteristics, and risk of suffering comorbidities (using Cox proportional hazards models) were analyzed. We found that urinary tract infections (n=225, 16.72%), pneumonia (n=206, 15.30%), septicemia (n=184, 13.67%), heart failure (n=111, 8.25%) gastrointestinal hemorrhage (n=108, 8.02%), epilepsy or recurrent seizures (n=98, 7.28%), and chronic kidney disease (n=62, 4.61%) were the most common comorbidities. Furthermore, OHCA survivors were at much higher risk (than comparison patients) of experiencing epilepsy or recurrent seizures (HR = 20.83; 95% CI: 12.24–35.43), septicemia (HR = 8.98; 95% CI: 6.84–11.79), pneumonia (HR = 5.82; 95% CI: 4.66–7.26), and heart failure (HR = 4.88; 95% CI: 3.65–6.53). Most importantly, most comorbidities occurred within the first half year after OHCA.

scholarly journals Survival in the Real World: A National Analysis of Patients Treated for Early-Stage Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. OP.21.00274
Author(s):  
Risha Gidwani ◽  
Jeffrey A. Franks ◽  
Ene M. Enogela ◽  
Nicole E. Caston ◽  
Courtney P. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
National Analysis ◽  
Study Participants

PURPOSE: Many patient population groups are not proportionally represented in clinical trials, including patients of color, at age extremes, or with comorbidities. It is therefore unclear how treatment outcomes may differ for these patients compared with those who are well-represented in trials. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included women diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer between 2005 and 2015 in the national CancerLinQ Discovery electronic medical record–based data set. Patients with comorbidities or concurrent cancer were considered unrepresented in clinical trials. Non-White patients and/or those age < 45 or ≥ 70 years were considered under-represented. Patients who were White, age 45-69 years, and without comorbidities were considered well-represented. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate 5-year mortality by representation group and patient characteristics, adjusting for cancer stage, subtype, chemotherapy, and diagnosis year. RESULTS: Of 11,770 included patients, 48% were considered well-represented in trials, 45% under-represented, and 7% unrepresented. Compared with well-represented patients, unrepresented patients had almost three times the hazard of 5-year mortality (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.71; 95% CI, 2.08 to 3.52). There were no significant differences in the hazard of 5-year mortality for under-represented patients compared with well-represented patients (aHR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.45). However, among under-represented patients, those age < 45 years had a lower hazard of 5-year mortality (aHR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.84) and those age ≥ 70 years had a higher hazard of 5-year mortality (aHR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.76 to 2.77) compared with those age 45-69 years. CONCLUSION: More than half of the patients were under-represented or unrepresented in clinical trials, because of age, comorbidity, or race. Some of these groups experienced poorer survival compared with those well-represented in trials. Trialists should ensure that study participants reflect the disease population to support evidence-based decision making for all individuals with cancer.

scholarly journals Employment disruption among women with gynecologic cancers

2021 ◽  
pp. ijgc-2021-002949
Author(s):  
Roni Nitecki ◽  
Shuangshuang Fu ◽  
Kirsten A Jorgensen ◽  
Lauren Gray ◽  
Carolyn Lefkowits ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Gynecologic Cancers ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Insured Patients

BackgroundAdverse employment outcomes pose significant challenges for cancer patients, though data patients with gynecologic cancers are sparse. We evaluated the decrease in employment among patients in the year following the diagnosis of a gynecologic cancer compared with population-based controls.MethodsPatients aged 18 to 63 years old, who were diagnosed with cervical, ovarian, endometrial, or vulvar cancer between January 2009 and December 2017, were identified in Truven MarketScan, an insurance claims database of commercially insured patients in the USA. Patients working full- or part-time at diagnosis were matched to population-based controls in a 1:4 ratio via propensity score. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the risk of employment disruption in patients versus controls.ResultsWe identified 7446 women with gynecologic cancers (191 vulvar, 941 cervical, 1839 ovarian, and 4475 endometrial). Although most continued working following diagnosis, 1579 (21.2%) changed from full- or part-time employment to long-term disability, retirement, or work cessation. In an adjusted model, older age, the presence of comorbidities, and treatment with surgery plus adjuvant therapy versus surgery alone were associated with an increased risk of employment disruption (p<0.0003, p=0.01, and p<0.0001, respectively) among patients with gynecologic cancer. In the propensity-matched cohort, patients with gynecologic cancers had over a threefold increased risk of employment disruption relative to controls (HR 3.67, 95% CI 3.44 to 3.95).ConclusionApproximately 21% of patients with gynecologic cancer experienced a decrease in employment in the year after diagnosis. These patients had over a threefold increased risk of employment disruption compared with controls.

scholarly journals Association between the psoas muscle index and hospitalization for pneumonia in patients undergoing hemodialysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosei Yamaguchi ◽  
Mineaki Kitamura ◽  
Takahiro Takazono ◽  
Shuntaro Sato ◽  
Kazuko Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Dialysis Vintage ◽  
Observation Period

Abstract Background Although muscle mass loss and pneumonia are common and crucial issues in hemodialysis (HD) patients, few reports have focused on their association, which remains unclear. This study assessed the association between skeletal muscle mass and the incidence of pneumonia in HD patients using the psoas muscle index (PMI). Methods This retrospective study included 330 patients on HD who were treated at a single center between July 2011 and June 2012. The observation period was between July 2011 and June 2021. Demographic, clinical, and HD data were collected, and the associations between PMI and hospitalization due to bacterial pneumonia were evaluated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for patients’ background data. Additionally, the correlation between patient characteristics and PMI was evaluated using multivariable linear regression. Results Among 330 patients (mean age, 67.3 ± 13.3; 56.7% male; median dialysis vintage 58 months, (interquartile range [IQR] 23–124), 79 were hospitalized for pneumonia during the observation period (median observation period was 4.5 years [IQR 2.0–9.1]). The multivariable Cox proportional analysis, which was adjusted for age, sex, dialysis vintage, diabetes mellitus, and stroke history and considered death as a competing risk, indicated that decreased PMI/(standard deviation) was closely associated with the development of pneumonia (hazard ratio: 0.67, 95% confidence interval: 0.47–0.95, p = 0.03). Conclusions Skeletal muscle mass was associated with the development of pneumonia in patients on HD and could be a useful marker for the risk of pneumonia.

Efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib versus rituximab-based chemoimmunotherapy in Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM): Matching-adjusted indirect comparisons.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7559-7559
Author(s):  
Jorge J. Castillo ◽  
Keri Yang ◽  
Rongzhe Liu ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Aileen Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
International Prognostic Scoring System ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Models ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Indirect Comparisons

7559 Background: Given a lack of WM randomized trials directly comparing zanubrutinib with chemoimmunotherapy, this study aimed to indirectly compare zanubrutinib with bendamustine-rituximab (BR) and with dexamethasone-rituximab-cyclophosphamide (DRC) separately through matching-adjusted indirect comparisons (MAIC). Methods: MAIC were conducted to re-weight the individual data of 102 WM patients (83 relapsed/refractory [R/R] and 19 treatment-naïve [TN]) treated with zanubrutinib in the ASPEN trial (NCT03053440) so that the weighted average baseline characteristics of patients treated with zanubrutinib matched those of 71 R/R patients treated with BR, and 72 TN patients treated with DRC separately. Matching variables for MAIC with BR included age, prior lines of therapy, IgM concentration, International Prognostic Scoring System for WM score, and extramedullary disease (EMD); and for MAIC with DRC included age, platelet count, hemoglobin concentration, and EMD. Kaplan-Meier curves of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of comparators were digitized to re-create patient-level data. Comparisons of survival and adverse event incidence between treatments were conducted using Cox proportional hazards models and modified Poisson models. Results: Compared to DRC, zanubrutinib was associated with longer PFS (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.39 [95% confidence interval 0.18-0.82] and 0.35 [0.14-0.86] pre- and post-matching, respectively) and longer OS (HR: 0.56 [0.20-1.53] and 0.47 [0.14-1.62] pre- and post-matching, respectively), and insignificantly higher incidences of neutropenia (risk ratio [RR]: 1.63 [0.71-3.77] and 1.47 [0.58-3.74] pre- and post-matching, respectively). Compared to BR, zanubrutinib was associated with longer PFS (HR: 0.32 [0.15-0.69] and 0.37 [0.15-0.91] pre- and post-matching, respectively), longer OS (HR: 0.31 [0.12, 0.80] and 0.29 [0.10-0.85] pre- and post-matching, respectively), lower incidences of neutropenia (RR: 0.45 [0.26-0.78] and 0.50 [0.27-0.91] pre- and post-matching, respectively) and lower incidences of pneumonia (RR: 0.18 [0.02-1.55] and 0.26 [0.03-2.28] pre- and post-matching, respectively). Conclusions: Zanubrutinib demonstrated longer PFS than DRC, and longer PFS and OS than BR in WM, before and after matching adjustment based on patient characteristics. [Table: see text]

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