scholarly journals SWK-09. SELF-CARE OUTCOMES AND INTERVENTIONS FOR CHILDREN WHO HAVE HAD A BRAIN TUMOUR: EVIDENCE AND HYPOTHESES. WHAT SHOULD SELF-CARE INTERVENTIONS FOR CHILDREN WITH PAST OR PRESENT BRAIN TUMOUR BE?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii466-iii466
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Rowen ◽  
Niina Kolehmainen ◽  
Simon Bailey

Abstract OBJECTIVE To determine the evidence with regards to self-care outcomes and interventions for children who have been treated for a brain tumour and identify when best to intervene. METHODS A scoping review of the literature with regards to self-care interventions, outcomes and mechanisms was undertaken. The information from these themes were populated onto a logic model alongside the clinical expertise of the team. The logic model was used to develop hypotheses to inform subsequent research; and identified areas for further patient and public involvement. RESULTS Of 27 papers found, 13 were deemed relevant. The literature suggested the diagnosis of a brain tumour can have a long-term negative impact on self-care outcomes whilst evidence with regards to interventions to promote self-care is scarce. The child’s physical and cognitive functions were identified as hypothesised factors influencing self-care, while health related quality of life and participation in other life domains were secondary consequences of self-care. The team expertise was further used to hypothesise that parent factors (emotions, identity, actions), the child’s emotional functions and personal factors as well as peer relationships and norms may influence children’s self-care. These factors were not covered in the existing literature. CONCLUSIONS Subsequent research will investigate the hypotheses developed to further specify factors that self-care interventions for children and young people with a brain tumour should target. This will involve specifying when, how and to whom interventions should be targeted.

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 2071-2082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Figueiredo Damásio ◽  
Silvia Helena Koller

This study presents the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Appraisal of Self-Care Agency Scale - Revised (ASAS-R). The sample was made up of 627 subjects (69.8% women) aged between 18 and 88 years (mean = 38.3; SD = 13.26) from 17 Brazilian states. Exploratory factor analysis of part of the sample (n1 = 200) yielded a three-factor solution which showed adequate levels of reliability. Two confirmatory factor analyses of the other part of the sample (n2 = 427) tested both the exploratory and the original model. The analysis of convergent validity using the Subjective Happiness Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey Version 2 (SF-36v2) demonstrated adequate levels of validity. A significant correlation was found between levels of self-care agency and age, level of education and income. The analysis of sample members with chronic disease (n = 134) showed that higher levels of self-care agency indicated lower levels of negative impact of the chronic illness in the individual's everyday life.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Byrnes ◽  
Anu Ganapathy ◽  
Melinda Lam ◽  
Lise Mogensen ◽  
Wendy CY Hu

Abstract Background Medical student mental health and wellbeing is highly topical worldwide. Research has tended to be either large-scale, quantitative, prevalence studies of wellbeing and associated factors such as burnout, or evaluations of single institution interventions. While theoretically informed definitions of wellbeing abound, how do medical students themselves understand and perceive wellbeing? What aspects of the curriculum do they regard as affecting their wellbeing and mental health? This study explored these questions, and aimed to identify factors associated with student acceptability of wellbeing programs and interventions. Methods All students at an Australian undergraduate medical school were invited to complete a qualitative online questionnaire between 2017 and 2018 following the introduction of several wellbeing initiatives, including “Wellbeing Days” (WBD). WBD allow students to take single absence days for self-care. Open-ended questions were asked about perceptions and experience of wellbeing and mental health, and views on interventions to improve wellbeing such as WBD. Thematic analysis was performed , initially by three authors who developed preliminary themes, then confirmed by all researchers . Thematic saturation was achieved within the 68 responses, which included participants from all cohorts. Results Participants described wellbeing as positively experienced work/life balance, impacted by four factors; contact hours, peer relationships, staff relationships, and trust in how wellbeing initiatives were used. Long course contact hours were deemed incompatible with self-care activities, maintaining employment, and seeking professional medical/psychological help. Peers could promote wellbeing by offering social and academic support, but also undermine wellbeing by being competitors. Degree of trust, engagement and communication with staff influenced acceptability of interventions. Participants viewed initiatives such as WBD favourably, but distrust of peers, and of staff, led to perceptions that WBD could be prone to misuse, or used for surveillance rather than support. Conclusion Our findings suggest that wellbeing days which allow self-care, reduction in contact hours, and peer support may promote student wellbeing, but the acceptability of any interventions is influenced by relationships between students and staff, and with peers. Further research is recommended to investigate the relationship between trust, perceptions of wellbeing in self and peers, and the effectiveness of wellbeing interventions.


2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Rahmi Ramadhani ◽  
Edi Syahputra ◽  
Elmanani Simamora

<p class="AfiliasiCxSpFirst" align="left"><strong>Abstrak:</strong></p><p class="AfiliasiCxSpMiddle">Pembelajaran matematika jarak jauh berbasis teknologi dapat memberikan dampak positif maupun negatif baik pada siswa maupun guru. Faktor yang memberikan dampak negatif disebabkan oleh pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang tidak memperhatikan <em>personal factor</em> dan <em>personal behavior</em> baik siswa maupun guru. Faktor lainnya adalah pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang tidak menghadirkan pembelajaran yang dekat dengan kehidupan, tradisi dan budaya sekitar siswa, sehingga siswa merasa asing dengan konten masalah dan pembelajaran yang didesain berbasis teknologi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengkaji secara kritis terkait dampak positif dan dampak negatif yang ditinjau dari <em>personal factor </em>dan <em>personal behavior</em> pada pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika jarak jauh berbasis teknologi. Penelitian ini juga mengkaji apakah konteks <em>ethnomathematics</em> dapat diintegrasikan pada model <em>flipped classroom</em> dan direkomendasikan dalam pembelajaran matematika di era <em>New Normal.</em> Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis investigasi literatur <em>review</em> dengan 5 tahapan, yaitu(1) menyusun pertanyaan <em>review</em>, (2) pengumpulan data literatur, (3) penilaian kritis pada data literatur, (4) ekstraksi data: sintesis dan tematik analisis, dan (5) presentasi temuan dan diskusi. Hasil penelitian memberikan kajian analisis terkait pentingnya <em>personal factor</em> dan <em>personal behavior</em> dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran matematika jarak jauh berbasis teknologi. Hasil penelitian juga memberikan rekomendasi terkait integrasi <em>ethomathematics</em> yang dilaksanakan dalam model pembelajaran berbasis teknologi, salah satunya adalah <em>flipped-classroom model</em>. Model <em>ethno-flipped classroom</em> direkomendasikam sebagai model pembelajaran matematika berbasis campuran yang menggunakan teknologi dalam proses pembelajaran, namun juga tetap menghadirkan pembelajaran matematika bermakna melalui integrasi budaya menggunakan konteks <em>ethnomathematics</em>. Penerapan model <em>ethno-flipped classroom</em> dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika di masa <em>New Normal</em>.</p><p class="AfiliasiCxSpMiddle"> </p><p class="AfiliasiCxSpLast" align="left"><strong>Kata Kunci</strong>:</p><p>Model <em>Ethno-Flipped Classroom, </em>Pembelajaran Berbasis Teknologi, <em>Personal Factor, Personal Behavior, New Normal</em></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p><p class="AfiliasiCxSpFirst" align="left"><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong></p><p class="AfiliasiCxSpMiddle"><em>Technology-based distance learning in Mathematics can give a positive or negative impact on both students and teachers. Factors contributing to negative impact are caused by the implementation of learning that does not pay attention to personal factors and personal behavior of both students and teachers. Other factors are such as the implementation of learning that does not relate to students' life, traditions, and culture in that the problem discussed in the content and the learning designed based on technology are unfamiliar to students. This study aims to critically examine the positive and negative impacts of technology-based distance learning in Mathematics in terms of personal factors and personal behavior. This study also examines whether the ethnomathematics context can be integrated into the flipped classroom model and can be recommended in teaching mathematics in the New Normal era. This is a qualitative study with literature review investigation that has 5 stages, namely (1) compiling review questions, (2) collecting literature data, (3) critical assessment of literature data, (4) data extraction: synthesis and thematic analysis, and (5) presentation of findings and discussion. The results of the study provide an analytical study related to the importance of personal factors and personal behavior in implementing technology-based distance learning in Mathematics. The results also provide recommendations regarding the integration of ethnomathematics in technology-based learning models, including the flipped-classroom model. The ethno-flipped classroom model is recommended as a mixed-based mathematics learning model that uses technology in the learning process but also provides meaningful mathematics learning through cultural integration using ethnomathematics context. The application of the ethno-flipped classroom model can be used as a solution in the implementation of mathematics learning in the New Normal.</em><em></em></p><p class="AfiliasiCxSpMiddle"> </p><p class="AfiliasiCxSpLast" align="left"><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>:</em></p><p><em>Ethno-Flipped Classroom</em><em> Model</em><em>, </em><em>Technology Based Learning</em><em>, Personal Factor, Personal Behavior, New Normal</em></p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 530-537
Author(s):  
Lorna Wales ◽  
Carolyn Dunford ◽  
Kathy Davis

Introduction Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability in childhood. There is a false belief that children will recover better than adults and recent research confirms that younger age at injury can have a negative impact on rehabilitation outcomes, resulting in lifelong disability. Self-care is a key rehabilitation outcome for children and young people. Methods This service evaluation reviews routinely collected clinical self-care data from one specialised residential rehabilitation centre in the United Kingdom. Admission and discharge scores from the United Kingdom Functional Independence Measure +Functional Assessment Measure, Rehabilitation Complexity Scale – E and Northwick Park Nursing Dependency Scale were analysed. Results Twenty-six children and young people age 8 years and over with severe stroke were included. Mean scores of independence increased and mean scores of complexity and dependency decreased. A proportion of the sample had ongoing self-care needs in relation to support needed in washing, dressing and bathing. A small number remained highly dependent, requiring assistance from two carers. Conclusion Children and young people make significant gains in self-care independence during specialised rehabilitation. However, a proportion return to the community with high self-care needs. Occupational therapists and the wider care team should address ongoing self-care needs in this population.


2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Rachel Millard ◽  
Denise Cooper ◽  
Mary Jo Boyle

Author(s):  
Massy Mutumba ◽  
Henry Mugerwa ◽  
Victor Musiime ◽  
Anudeeta Gautam ◽  
Hellen Nakyambadde ◽  
...  

The heightened vulnerability of adolescents to poor HIV care outcomes underscores the need for interventions that create and promote HIV self-management behavioral skills. Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) experience a complex array of physical, emotional, and social challenges that constrain their self-care, but the majority of existing psychosocial programs focus primarily on medication adherence. Understanding adolescents’ self-care needs, challenges, and preferences is necessary for developing effective culturally relevant interventions. The involvement of caregivers and stakeholders is also critical to realizing positive self-care outcomes. This article presents the findings from focus group discussions with ALHIV, caregivers, and healthcare providers on self-care. The data were collected as part of formative research in the development of a self-management intervention for Ugandan ALHIV. Participants’ discussions on self-care strategies and intervention approaches provide valuable insights to guide the development of interventions to promote positive HIV care outcomes among Ugandan ALHIV.


2019 ◽  
pp. 174239531984316
Author(s):  
Lucinda J Graven ◽  
Laurie Abbott ◽  
Sabrina L Dickey ◽  
Glenna Schluck

Objectives To explore gender and racial differences in heart failure (HF) self-care processes and examine whether gender and race predict HF self-care. Methods A secondary analysis of baseline data ( n = 107) from a longitudinal HF study (54.2% males; 56% non-Caucasians) was conducted. The self-care of heart failure index was used to measure self-care maintenance, management, and confidence. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses examined gender and racial differences in HF self-care outcomes. Multiple linear regression examined whether gender and race predicted HF self-care maintenance, management, and confidence. Results Univariate analyses indicated that Caucasians reported significantly better self-care maintenance ( p = 0.042), while non-Caucasians reported significantly better self-care management ( p = 0.003). Males had significantly higher self-care confidence scores versus women ( p = 0.017). Multiple regression analysis indicated Caucasian race predicted significantly worse self-care management (β = −11.188; p = 0.006) versus non-Caucasian, while male gender predicted significantly higher self-care confidence scores (β = 7.592; p = 0.010) versus female gender. Gender nor race significantly predicted self-care maintenance. Discussion Although gender and race may influence HF self-care, other factors may be more important. More research is needed to identify individual factors that contribute to HF self-care to improve education and intervention.


Heart & Lung ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie T. Bidwell ◽  
Melinda K. Higgins ◽  
Carolyn M. Reilly ◽  
Patricia C. Clark ◽  
Sandra B. Dunbar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-92
Author(s):  
Dr Sheeba Farhan ◽  
Manahil Nouman

The present study was conducted to investigate the role of personal factors on self-objectification that is encouraged by Pakistani advertisements. The objective of the study was to find out the differences in perception of women on Pakistani advertisement based on personal variables i.e. age, family structure, education and employment status. Convenience sampling technique and a sample of 430 unmarried women with the age bracket of 18 to 25 years were included in the study. The self-objectification was measured through the Self-Objectification-Trait Scale (Dahl, 2014).  ANOVA analysis and t test were used through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) v 21 for analysis. The findings indicated that there was no significant difference in self-objectification of women, under the influence of Pakistani advertisements, based on their ages and education levels. However, there was a significant difference in self-objectification of women, under the influence of Pakistani advertisements, based on their family structures and employment statuses. The study would contribute to further research to reduce the negative impact of self-objectification on young women.  


Author(s):  
Farhana Akter ◽  
Rahnuma Ahmad ◽  
Mainul Haque

The clinical practice and social relationships have been changed since the emergence of COVID-19. It is declared a global pandemic affecting millions of people across the world. SARS-CoV-2 virus while infecting human has been noted to affect several vital organs and biological systems. This can occur directly through virus-induced damage or indirectly due to the host response after virus entry, which produce a negative impact on body systems. Human endocrine system similar fatal effect. Thereafter, the knowledge and clinical expertise about the management of the endocrine pathological consequences of COVID-19 is essential in the current pandemic situation. The need of such clinical proficiency is increasing more demanding as SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is growing towards more devastating phase. The coronavirus enters the human body by using the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE-2). Other than the pneumocytes, ACE-2 is expressed by several endocrine glands like the pancreas, pituitary gland, adrenal glands, thyroid, ovary, and testes. Diabetes has a significant impact on covid 19. Diabetes Mellitus is one of the comorbidities most frequently linked to severity and mortality resulting from COVID-19 infection. Thus, careful management that includes modification of treatment may be needed to protect from the most dangerous outcomes of the virus infection or hospitalization with COVID-19, not only for patients with a known history of diabetes but also those suffering SARS-CoV-2 induced new-onset diabetes. Those suffering from obesity are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 as well as to adverse effects. In order to limit the susceptibility and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection, there needs to be adequate management of nutrition of obese and undernourished patients. Hypothalamic-pituitary axis suppression, adrenal insufficiency, thyroid dysfunction, hypocalcemia, vitamin D lack, and vertebral fractures have also been reported as frequent findings in COVID-19 infected individuals who needed to be hospitalized and often associated with fatal clinical outcomes. Prompt glucocorticoid adjustment is also required in patients with COVID-19 having adrenal insufficiency. Addressing hormonal status may limit further treatment burden for a COVID-19 infected patient. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.20(5) 2021 p.49-64


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