scholarly journals Preparing for the Quit Day: Comparing Beliefs of Nondaily Versus Daily Young Adult Smokers as They Prepare for a Quit Attempt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina B Hoeppner ◽  
Susanne S Hoeppner ◽  
Hannah A Carlon ◽  
Alexandra Abry ◽  
Audrey Darville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Counseling Interventions

Abstract Introduction Most smoking cessation approaches are modeled on heavy daily smoking. With increasing prevalence of nondaily smoking, it may be necessary to modify these approaches for nondaily smokers. Aims To provide information about beliefs and attitudes relevant to smoking cessation for nondaily smokers. Methods Secondary analysis of two prospective studies on young adult smokers (18–24 years of age) provided brief advice to quit smoking. Measures include baseline levels of constructs relevant to smoking cessation counseling and perceived benefits of and barriers to smoking cessation. Results Participants (n = 40 nondaily, 122 daily smokers) were predominantly White (70% and 84%, respectively), gender-balanced (50% and 43% female), full-time college students (89% and 95%). At baseline, nondaily smokers reported lower levels of nicotine dependence (p < .001; nondaily: Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) = 0.8 ± 1.5, daily: FTND = 3.1 ± 1.9), lower urge to smoke (p < .001), greater self-efficacy when facing external smoking stimuli (p = .03), expecting to experience fewer positive effects (reduced negative affect, p = <.001, stimulation, p = .02), and valuing the importance of smoking effects less (ps < .01) than daily smokers. During counseling, nondaily smokers generated both fewer benefits of cessation (Wald X2(df = 1) = 4.91, p = .027) and fewer barriers (Wald X2(df = 1) = 5.99, p =.014) than daily smokers. Withdrawal was not listed by nondaily smokers as a barrier (p < .01). Conclusions Constructs relevant to smoking cessation for daily smokers were less salient to young nondaily smokers, compared with moderately addicted young daily smokers, as indicated by responses to standardized scales and by the generation of fewer benefits and barriers in counseling. Interventions may need to find novel ways to engage nondaily smokers, particularly young adult, in smoking cessation efforts. Implications This study is unique in eliciting benefits and barriers from nondaily smokers as they are about to make a quit attempt. This is a critically important point in time, as this is the point in time in which an action plan is formed and can be informed and enhanced by smoking cessation support. Our study further allowed direct comparison to daily smokers undergoing the same procedures, which allowed the identification of unique factors that may impact nondaily smokers in their quit attempt, which may guide intervention efforts. Use of a mixed method design further strengthen the rigor of this study.

Association of deferring a quit attempt with smoking cessation success: A secondary analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Hughes ◽  
Cristina Russ ◽  
Michael A. Messig
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Quit Attempt

scholarly journals History and Correlates of Smoking Cessation Behaviors Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1492-1499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Fen Lubitz ◽  
Alex Flitter ◽  
E Paul Wileyto ◽  
Douglas Ziedonis ◽  
Nathaniel Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
General Population ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Smoking Cessation Advice ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Attempts

Abstract Introduction Individuals with serious mental illness (SMI) smoke at rates two to three times greater than the general population but are less likely to receive treatment. Increasing our understanding of correlates of smoking cessation behaviors in this group can guide intervention development. Aims and Methods Baseline data from an ongoing trial involving smokers with SMI (N = 482) were used to describe smoking cessation behaviors (ie, quit attempts, quit motivation, and smoking cessation treatment) and correlates of these behaviors (ie, demographics, attitudinal and systems-related variables). Results Forty-three percent of the sample did not report making a quit attempt in the last year, but 44% reported making one to six quit attempts; 43% and 20%, respectively, reported wanting to quit within the next 6 months or the next 30 days. Sixty-one percent used a smoking cessation medication during their quit attempt, while 13% utilized counseling. More quit attempts were associated with lower nicotine dependence and carbon monoxide and greater beliefs about the harms of smoking. Greater quit motivation was associated with lower carbon monoxide, minority race, benefits of cessation counseling, and importance of counseling within the clinic. A greater likelihood of using smoking cessation medications was associated with being female, smoking more cigarettes, and receiving smoking cessation advice. A greater likelihood of using smoking cessation counseling was associated with being male, greater academic achievement, and receiving smoking cessation advice. Conclusions Many smokers with SMI are engaged in efforts to quit smoking. Measures of smoking cessation behavior are associated with tobacco use indicators, beliefs about smoking, race and gender, and receiving cessation advice. Implications Consideration of factors related to cessation behaviors among smokers with SMI continues to be warranted, due to their high smoking rates compared to the general population. Increasing our understanding of these predictive characteristics can help promote higher engagement in evidence-based smoking cessation treatments among this subpopulation.

Evaluation of a Pharmacist and Nurse Practitioner Smoking Cessation Program

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zubair Afzal ◽  
Elizabeth Pogge ◽  
Virginia Boomershine
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Medication Adherence ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Nurse Practitioner ◽  
Point Prevalence ◽  
Smoking Cessation Program ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Study Completion

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of a smoking cessation program led by a pharmacist and a nurse practitioner. Methods: During a 6-month period, patients attended 7 one-on-one face-to-face smoking cessation counseling sessions with a pharmacist and 1 to 2 one-on-one face-to-face smoking cessation counseling sessions with a nurse practitioner. The primary outcome was smoking cessation point prevalence rates at months 1, 3, and 5 post-quit date. Secondary outcomes included medication adherence rates at months 1, 3, and 5 post-quit date, nicotine dependence at baseline versus program end, and patient satisfaction. Results: Nine (47%) of 19 total participants completed the program. Seven of the 9 patients who completed the program were smoke-free upon study completion. Point prevalence rates at months 1, 3, and 5 post-quit date were 66%, 77%, and 77%, respectively, based on patients who completed the program. Medication adherence rates were 88.6%, 54.6%, and 75% at months 1, 3, and 5 post-quit date, respectively. Based on the Fagerstrom test, nicotine dependence decreased from baseline to the end of the study, 4.89 to 0.33 ( P < .001). Overall, participants rated the program highly. Conclusion: A joint pharmacist and nurse practitioner smoking cessation program can assist patients in becoming smoke-free.

Ethnic and Gender Differences in Smoking and Smoking Cessation in a Population of Young Adult Air Force Recruits

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 259-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Ward ◽  
Mark W. Vander Weg ◽  
Kristen Wood Kovach ◽  
Robert C. Klesges ◽  
Margaret W. DeBon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Military Recruits

Purpose. To examine gender and ethnic differences in smoking and smoking cessation in a population of young adult military recruits. Design. A self-administered survey of demographics, tobacco use, and other health risk behaviors was administered at the start of basic military training. Setting. The study was conducted at Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas, where all U.S. Air Force recruits complete basic military training. Subjects. All recruits who entered the U.S. Air Force between September 1995 and September 1996 participated in this study (n = 32,144; 100% participation rate). Measures. Recruits completed a written 53-item behavioral risk questionnaire. Measures examined in the present study included smoking status (ever having smoked a cigarette, current daily smoking, and quitting); demographics (ethnicity, gender, education, family income, and age); smoking history; and nicotine dependence. Results. Rates of ever smoking, current daily smoking, and quitting were examined in multiple logistic regression analyses as a function of gender and ethnicity, controlling for age, education, and family income. Overall, 54% of recruits had ever smoked a cigarette and 24.9% smoked daily at the time of entry into basic military training. Smoking rates were highest among white and Native American recruits. Among whites, women were more likely to be a current daily smoker (31.6% vs. 29.4%; odds ratio [OR] = 1.18, 99% confidence intervals [CI] = 1.08–1.29). The opposite pattern was observed among African-Americans (5.6% vs. 9.8%, respectively; OR = .57; CI = .41–.79). Current smokers had low levels of nicotine dependence compared with the general population of U.S. smokers, but whites tended to be more dependent than other ethnic groups. Cessation rates were similar for men and women but differed according to ethnicity, ranging from 15% among whites to 23% among Hispanics. Conclusions. These findings document important gender and ethnic differences in cigarette smoking among military recruits. Whites and Native Americans were more likely to smoke, less likely to quit, and more nicotine-dependent than other ethnic groups. Across gender/ethnicity groups, smoking rates were especially high among white women, with nearly one-third smoking daily until entry into basic training. Gender differences were not observed in cessation rates, but Hispanics were more likely than other ethnic groups to have quit smoking. The results highlight the need to develop effective cessation interventions for this population.

scholarly journals Effect of Patient Empowerment Model on Smoking Cessation: Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
Ghada M. Khafagy ◽  
Mervat M. Mahmoud ◽  
Saeed S. A. Soliman
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Health Education ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Empowerment Model ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Smoking is a preventable cause of chronic morbidity. Patient empowerment is a process through which people establish greater control over their health-related decisions and actions. To assess the effect of patient empowerment versus health education on the nicotine dependence score and progress of patients under different stages of smoking cessation. Methods: This was a single-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial that included 76 smokers attending family medicine clinics. Participants were divided into two groups: empowerment and health education groups. Their nicotine-dependence score and smoking cessation stage were identified. All study participants were subjected to five health education sessions with a 3-month follow-up period. Results: The mean nicotine-dependence score decreased significantly in both groups after the intervention. This decrease was slightly higher in the empowerment group; however, the difference was not statistically significant. After the intervention, 16.7% of the health education and 30.0% of the empowerment group transitioned from stage 1 to stages 2–4 of smoking cessation, with the change being statistically significant only in the empowerment group. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of study participants who stopped smoking between the health education and empowerment groups. Conclusion: Both the empowerment model and traditional health education have similar positive effects on decreasing the nicotine-dependence level. There was a significant improvement in the stage of change for patients under the empowerment model, although there was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the number of participants who stopped smoking.

Direct Outreach in Bars and Clubs to Enroll Cigarette Smokers in Mobile Cessation Services (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Chalela ◽  
Alfred L. McAlister ◽  
Cliff Despres ◽  
Edgar Muñoz ◽  
Pramod Sukumaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Quit Attempt

BACKGROUND Quitxt is a mobile smoking cessation service delivered through text messaging (SMS) and Facebook Messenger chat. Cigarette smoking and alcohol use are well known to be concomitant behaviors, however there is a lack of studies related to recruitment of smokers for mobile cessation services at places where alcohol is consumed, such as bars and clubs. Adapting recruitment strategies to expand the program reach where tobacco users are may help decrease the gap in health equity among minorities. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess the feasibility of direct outreach at bars, clubs and restaurants to as a strategy to recruit smokers to our mobile Quitxt program. METHODS We collaborated with an advertising agency to recruit young adult smokers aged 18-29, focusing on urban & rural Spanish speaking Latinos, as well as English speaking rural Caucasians and African Americans. Street team members were recruited and trained in a four-hour session including a brief introduction to the public health importance of cigarette smoking and the aims of the project. The street team made face to face contact with smokers in and near smoking areas in 25 bars, clubs, and other venues frequented by young smokers in urban San Antonio and nearby rural areas. RESULTS The 3,923 interactions by street teams produced 317 program enrollments (8%). Most participants were English speakers with a mean age of 29 years, 63% were women, about 57% were Hispanic/Latino, with a mean of 8 cigarettes smoked per day. Among users ready to make a quit attempt, 26% reported one tobacco free day and 15% reported maintaining cessation to achieve one week without smoking. Response rate to later follow-up questions were low. CONCLUSIONS Direct outreach in bars and clubs is a useful method for connecting young adult cigarette smokers with mobile cessation services. However, to learn more about how mobile services can influence long term smoking cessation, incentives are evidently required to obtain useful response rates. CLINICALTRIAL N/A

Driving performance improvement using ASCO’s Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI).

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (34_suppl) ◽  
pp. 203-203
Author(s):  
Shelby Darland ◽  
Christa Burnham ◽  
Nicolas Camilo ◽  
Thomas M. Beck ◽  
Dan Sayam Zuckerman
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Primary Nurse

203 Background: Defining and quantifying quality care is a challenge for cancer care providers. Since 2007 St. Luke’s Mountain States Tumor Institute (MSTI) has been participating in QOPI and was one of 23 practices that received the inaugural QOPI Certification in June 2010. The goal of participation is to benchmark MSTI’s performance with oncology practices across the nation and identify areas for improvement that are recognized as national quality standards. Methods: After each round of QOPI data abstraction, physician and administrative leadership selected measures with the greatest opportunity for improvement. Monthly chart audits for each measure were completed and the results were shared with individual staff to increase education and accountability. In Spring 2010, the education assessment in MSTI’s Electronic Medical Record (EMR) was redesigned to facilitate efficient documentation and data collection of smoking cessation counseling. In July 2011, the performance improvement (PI) team created “Quality Checklists (QCL)” in MSTI’s EMR for three different QOPI measures: i) signed chemotherapy consent, ii) smoking cessation counseling, and iii) assessment of emotional well-being. To ensure signed chemotherapy consent, one QCL included a reminder sent by the primary nurse or secretary to the chemotherapy infusion nurses. To ensure smoking cessation counseling and assessment of emotional well-being by social work, the other QCL included an alert sent by the new patient representative to the primary nurse and social worker. Results: Signed chemotherapy consent improved from 10% (n=229) in 2007 to 100% (n=117) in 2012. Smoking cessation counseling improved from 13% (n=40) in 2007 to 93% (n=272) in 2012. Assessment of emotional well-being improved from 78% (n=302) in 2007 to 95% (n=120) in 2012. Of the patients that had problems with emotional well-being, 73% (n=55) in 2007 had their problems addressed and 95% (n=41) in 2012. Conclusions: QOPI has provided MSTI with the initiatives and benchmarks to quantify quality cancer care. By combining participation in QOPI and ongoing PI data collection, analysis, and action plan implementation MSTI has enjoyed marked improvements in quality.

Smoking cessation among cancer survivors: United States, 2015.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 111-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Shayne Gallaway ◽  
Rebecca Glover-Kudon ◽  
Behnoosh Momin ◽  
Mary Puckett ◽  
Buchanan Lunsford Natasha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Comprehensive Cancer Control ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
The Past ◽  
Quit Attempt ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Adult Cancer Survivors ◽  
Never Smokers

111 Background: The prevalence of smoking among persons with a history of cancer (cancer survivors) is similar to the general population. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the prevalence of specific smoking cessation behaviors among adult cancer survivors. Methods: Data from the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were analyzed to examine the prevalence of smoking cessation behaviors (interest in quitting, recent quit attempt, advised to quit by a healthcare professional visited in the past year) and treatments (counseling, medication) among cancer survivors. Weighted self-reported prevalence estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated, and chi-square test statistics were used to assess between group differences. Results: The sample included 2,541 cancer survivors, of which 12% were current smokers, 37% were former smokers, and 51% were never smokers. Compared with former and never smokers, cancer survivors who were current smokers were younger (less than 65 years), less educated, and reported being uninsured or reported having Medicaid health insurance less often (p < 0.01). Fewer female cancer survivors reported being a former smoker than a current or never smoker. Most current smokers reported wanting to quit smoking (57%), a past year quit attempt (49%), or that a health professional advised them to quit smoking in the past 12 months (66%). Current smokers reported the use of smoking cessation counseling (8%), medication (38%), or either (41%). Conclusions: Approximately half of current smokers reported a recent quit attempt and more than half wanted to quit smoking. Less than 1 of 2 current smokers reported using any cessation assistance. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program supports increasing knowledge and availability of evidence-based tobacco cessation services among cancer survivors. Health professionals could consistently highlight the increased risks associated with continued smoking among cancer survivors, provide them with cessation counseling and/or medication, refer them to other free cessation resources, and inform them of cessation treatments covered by their health insurance. Population-level interventions may also be impactful.

scholarly journals Association of e-cigarette use and smoking cessation among Canadian young adult smokers: secondary analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-58
Author(s):  
Arti Saxena ◽  
Neill Bruce Baskerville ◽  
John M. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Cessation Rate ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractAimsThis study examined the reasons for e-cigarette (EC) use, changes in self-efficacy and association between EC use and cessation of tobacco among Canadian young adult smokers over a 6-month period.MethodsA secondary analysis was conducted using data from a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of young adult Canadian smokers. EC exposure was defined as persistent, transient and non-use of ECs at baseline and follow-up. The association between EC exposure and cessation was examined using logistic regression and adjusting for co-variates.ResultsAt 6-month follow-up, persistent EC use was associated with a lower cessation rate (13%) than transient (23%) or non-use (29%). After adjusting for covariates, non-use and transient use were associated with higher odds of cessation than persistent use (AOR = 3.23, 95% CI = 1.41–7.40, P < 0.01; AOR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.01–5.58, P < 0.05). At 6-month follow-up, persistent users (68%) had high self-efficacy as compared to transient (15%) or non-use (12%). Top reasons for EC use included use as a quit aid (67%), perceived use as less harmful (52%) and taste (32%).ConclusionsAmong young adult Canadian smokers enrolled in a RCT of a cessation intervention, persistent and transient use of ECs was associated with a lower smoking cessation rate at 6 months.

Smoking Cessation in COPD Patients by a Selective Partial Nicotinic Agonist

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1766-1769
Author(s):  
Edith Simona Ianosi ◽  
Paraschiva Postolache ◽  
Luana Andreea Macovei ◽  
Mioara Szathmary ◽  
Simona Szasz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Cessation Counseling ◽  
Smoking Cessation Treatment ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Cessation Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Respiratory Rehabilitation

The fight against smoking through various smoking cessation methods could be very effective by early education especially in young people for preventing the occurrence or the severity of obstructive lung diseases. The aim of the study was to present the impact of varenicline, a selective partial nicotine agonist, in adults of 40-49 year-old, active smokers, recently diagnosed with COPD, from 2009 to 2011, in a Smoking Cessation Center of the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Clinic Iasi, Romania. There were included all male employees, without occupational exposure, active smokers, with a personal history of smoking �10 packs-year cigarettes, recently diagnosed with COPD, who inform consented to be enrolled for counseling and smoking cessation treatment provided by varenicline. All patients received COPD therapy, according to the current GOLD recommendations. The method of evalution the impact of smoking cessation methods consisted in the COPD Assessment Test (CAT) completed by cases before and after 12 weeks program of smoking cessation counseling and therapy and respiratory rehabilitation. The CAT is a short questionnaire, simple and validated tool of COPD symptoms assessment, measuring the severity of COPD on a patient�s quality of life. Results reveals an important decreasing of CAT score with important amelioration of symptoms especially in severe COPD patients. Counseling, smoking cessation and respiratory rehabilitation interventions have shown positive effects of smoking cessation with varenicline among young COPD patients 40-49 year-old.

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