scholarly journals Association of Female Genital Schistosomiasis with the Cervicovaginal Microbiota and Sexually Transmitted Infections in Zambian Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy S Sturt ◽  
Emily L Webb ◽  
Lisa Himschoot ◽  
Comfort R Phiri ◽  
Joyce Mapani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Key Species ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Background The cervicovaginal microbiota, including sexually transmitted infections (STI), have not been well-described in female genital schistosomiasis (FGS). Methods Women (aged 18-31, sexually active, non-pregnant) were invited to participate at the final follow-up of HPTN 071 (PopART) Population Cohort in January-August 2018. We measured key species of the cervicovaginal microbiota (Lactobacillus crispatus, L. iners, Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae and Candida) and STI (Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium) using quantitative PCR (qPCR). We evaluated associations of microbiota and STI presence and concentration with FGS (qPCR-detected Schistosoma DNA in any of three genital specimens). Results The presence and concentration of key cervicovaginal species did not differ between participants with (n=30) or without FGS (n=158). A higher proportion of participants with FGS had T. vaginalis compared to FGS negative women (p=0.08), with further analysis showing that T. vaginalis was more prevalent among women with ≥2 Schistosoma qPCR positive genital specimens (50.0%, 8/16) than among FGS negative women (21.5% 34/158, p=0.01). Conclusions We found weak evidence of an association between T. vaginalis presence and FGS, with a stronger association in women with a higher burden FGS infection. Additional research is needed on potential between-parasite interactions, especially regarding HIV-1 vulnerability.

scholarly journals INCIDENCE OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS: LOCAL STUDY IN UKRAINE

World Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (8(36)) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Fedorych P. V. ◽  
Mavrov G. I.
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Ureaplasma Urealyticum ◽  
Mycoplasma Hominis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Local Study ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Clinically Significant

Introduction.The structure of incidence of sexually transmitted infections is changing constantly. Information on such changes supports correct planning of clinical and diagnostic activities of institutions providing specialized medical care by qualified specialists.Objective:to investigate the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections with pathogens clinically significant to the genitourinary system in Ukraine and at the local level.Materials and methods. Polymerase chain reaction was used to test the biological material obtained from the genitourinary clinical specimens from subjects with sexually transmitted infections, who underwent clinical and laboratory examinations in Oleksandrivsk Clinical Hospital (Kyiv, Ukraine) for Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Trichomonas vaginalis, Human papillomavirus, and Neisseria gonorrhoea. During 2017, 607 subjects of both genders, including 295 (48.6%) females and 312 (51.4%) males, were examined. Their mean age was 32±3.5.Findings. Chlamydia trachomatis was found in 159 (26.2%) of 607 examined subjects – 85 males and 74 females. Mycoplasma hominis was found in 122 of 585 (21.1%) examined subjects – 64 males and 58 females. Mycoplasma genitalium, respectively, in 17 (6.62%) of 258 subjects – 6 males and 11 females. Ureaplasma urealyticum was found in the largest number of subjects (305, i.e. in 48.77% of 601 examined subjects) – 157 males and 148 females. Trichomonas vaginalis was found in 28 (5.23%) of 535 subjects – 15 males and 13 females. Human papillomavirus was found in 158 of 297 (53.2%) examined subjects – 88 males and 70 females. Neisseria gonorrhea was found in 33 of 297 (8.45%) subjects – 8 males and 25 females.Conclusions. As suggested by the local study of the sexually transmitted infections incidence in Ukraine, the most clinically significant for the genitourinary system are Human papillomavirus (53.2%), Ureaplasma urealyticum (48.77%), Chlamydia trachomatis (26.2%) and Mycoplasma hominis (21.1%). Therefore, tests for these pathogens in the specified region is currently the most appropriate during diagnostic examinations and counselling of subjects with genitourinary infections.

scholarly journals Vaginal Microbiota of the Sexually Transmitted Infections Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis in Women with Vaginitis in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1864
Author(s):  
Shu-Fang Chiu ◽  
Po-Jung Huang ◽  
Wei-Hung Cheng ◽  
Ching-Yun Huang ◽  
Lichieh Julie Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Microbiota ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Prevotella Bivia ◽  
Initial Interaction

The three most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) and Trichomonas vaginalis (TV). The prevalence of these STIs in Taiwan remains largely unknown and the risk of STI acquisition affected by the vaginal microbiota is also elusive. In this study, a total of 327 vaginal swabs collected from women with vaginitis were analyzed to determine the presence of STIs and the associated microorganisms by using the BD Max CT/GC/TV molecular assay, microbial cultures, and 16S rRNA sequencing. The prevalence of CT, TV, and GC was 10.8%, 2.2% and 0.6%, respectively. A culture-dependent method identified that Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) were more likely to be associated with CT and TV infections. In CT-positive patients, the vaginal microbiota was dominated by L. iners, and the relative abundance of Gardnerella vaginalis (12.46%) was also higher than that in TV-positive patients and the non-STIs group. However, Lactobacillus spp. was significantly lower in TV-positive patients, while GBS (10.11%), Prevotella bivia (6.19%), Sneathia sanguinegens (12.75%), and Gemella asaccharolytica (5.31%) were significantly enriched. Using an in vitro co-culture assay, we demonstrated that the growth of L. iners was suppressed in the initial interaction with TV, but it may adapt and survive after longer exposure to TV. Additionally, it is noteworthy that TV was able to promote GBS growth. Our study highlights the vaginal microbiota composition associated with the common STIs and the crosstalk between TV and the associated bacteria, paving the way for future development of health interventions targeting the specific vaginal bacterial taxa to reduce the risk of common STIs.

scholarly journals Introduction of a complementary screening system for the detection of sexually transmitted infections in patients with sterile pyuria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Gil-Campesino ◽  
◽  
Laura Sante ◽  
Enrique Callejas Castro ◽  
María Lecuona
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Screening System ◽  
Effective Screening ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Work Routine ◽  
Sterile Pyuria ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective. The aim of the study was to evaluate a complementary screening system for the detection of sexually transmitted infections in patients with sterile pyuria. Material and methods. A prospective study was conducted using Real-time multiplex qPCR in 300 consecutive urine samples with data on sterile pyuria. STI prevalence and patient epidemiological data were analyzed. Results. A total of 29 positive cases (9.67%) were found: 16 Chlamydia trachomatis, 5 Mycoplasma genitalium, 5 Trichomonas vaginalis and 3 co-infections. The group with sexually transmitted infections was mainly composed of women (65.5%), of which one third was pregnant. Conclusion. This study presents an effective screening system for the detection of sexually transmitted infections that can be integrated into the laboratories’ work routine.

scholarly journals THE CLINICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS

2017 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Lyzikova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Microbiological Examination ◽  
Lactobacillus Spp ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

Aim : to determine the clinical and microbiological features of bacterial vaginosis on the basis of the microbiological examination, assessment of the cytokine status in female patients. Material and methods . The article presents the results of the complex clinical and microbiological examination of 86 female patients of the fertile age. 30 (34.88 ± 5.14 %) patients were diagnosed bacterial vaginosis on the basis of revelation and identification of DNA of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Lactobacillus spp. and the total number of bacteria. The control group consisted of 56 (65.12 ± 5.14 %) patients without bacterial vaginosis. The work also presents the results of the microbiological analysis of the material obtained from the cervical canal and endometrium. All the patients underwent blood tests for detection of the inflammatory reaction - interleukins IL-1, IL-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interferon (γ-IFN). Results . The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis among the patients of the reproductive age was 34.8 %. The pathology of the reproductive function was found with equal frequency in the patients of both the groups. Disorders of the immune status in favor of pro-inflammatory cytokines were not diagnosed. The clinical and laboratory criteria made it possible to diagnose bacterial vaginosis in 3.49 % of the patients, the use of PCR diagnosis - in 34.88 %. The concentration of lactobacillus spp. is reliably lower in the patients with bacterial vaginosis, than in the control group (p = 0.0085). As for the concentrations of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae the groups do not significantly differ. Only 4 (13.33 ± 6.21 %) patients (χ = 5.51, p = 0.02) in the main group detected sexually transmitted infections, which should be taken into account while performing the diagnostic activities. Conclusion. The identification of DNA of certain kinds of microorganisms give an opportunity to assess the state of vaginal microcenosis and the degree of its malfunction even in the absence of clinical and other laboratory signs of bacterial vaginosis. The malfunction of the biocenosis of the genital tract is not associated with disorders of the reproductive function and does not lead to a change in the cytokine status. Patients with bacterial vaginosis are in the risk group for development of sexually transmitted infections, which should be taken into account while performing the diagnostic activities.

Sexually transmitted infections and localized scleroderma of the anogenital area

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
E.S. Snarskaya ◽  
◽  
O.Yu. Olisova ◽  
Yu.A. Semenchak ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Localized Scleroderma ◽  
Chronic Infections ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Anogenital Area ◽  
Simplex Virus

Objective. To analyze the spectrum of sexually transmitted infections (Chlamydia trachomatis, Trichomonas vaginalis, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae) in patients with different clinical variants of localized scleroderma (LS) and scleroatrophic lesions in the anogenital area. Patients and methods. We examined 104 patients diagnosed with LS (including guttate morphea, linear scleroderma, scleroatrophic lichen, and atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini) in V.A.Rakhmanov Clinic of Skin and Venereal Diseases. After clinical and morphological phenotyping, we selected 62 patients (17.7% of males and 82.3% of females) with scleroatrophic lesions in the anogenital area. All patients were tested for sexually transmitted infections, including Human papillomavirus (HPV) (high-risk types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68) and herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV1/2) using polymerase chain reaction. Results. We found that 71% of patients with scleroatrophic lesions in the anogenital area had chronic infections, including those caused by Chlamydia trachomatis (29.5%), Trichomonas vaginalis (15.9%), Mycoplasma genitalium (13.6%), and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2.3%). In 38.6% of cases, the development of scleroatrophic lesions was associated with bacterial vaginosis. One-third of patients (33.8%) were found to have high-risk HPV strains (type 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, and 68) and HSV 1/2. Conclusion. In our opinion, anogenital location of LS can be a marker of chronic infections of the genitourinary system; such patients should be tested for sexually transmitted infections. Keywords: localized scleroderma; scleroatrophic lichen; anogenital location; vulvar lichen; penile lichen; sexually transmitted infections; bacterial vaginosis; herpes simplex virus; human papillomavirus

scholarly journals Correlation between aerobic and anaerobic microflora of the urogenital tract at dysbiosis in women of Dnipropetrovsk city

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
A. H. Yaderna ◽  
L. P. Golodok ◽  
A. I. Vinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Urogenital Tract ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

The method of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in real-time was used to analyze the quantitative characteristics of normal and potentially pathogenic aerobic/facultative-anaerobic and anaerobic biota in the urethra, cervical channel and vagina in healthy women aged 10–40. The biota of all the women under 40 years and some of women older than 40 was mostly represented by lactobacilli. Microbialcomposition of the biocenosis in some women older than 40 is characterized by reduction in quantity of lactobacilli and their replacement by anaerobic microorganisms, mainly, such as Atopobium vaginae (16%), Gardnerella vaginalis (12%), Megasphaera spp. (8%), Dialister spp. (8%), Eubacterium spp. (8%) and Porphyromonas spp. (4%). Rarely, a wide range of other pathogens plays its role, including inter alia: Trichomonas vaginalis (8%), Mycoplasma genitalium (4%), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2%) andChlamydia trachomatis (1%). The most frequent are the following strain associations: A. vaginae andG. vaginalis,Eubacterium spp. andPorphyromonas spp.,U. (urealyticum + parvum) andM. genitalium,N. gonorrhoeae andCh. trachomatis,U. (urealyticum + parvum) andCandida spp. This is connected with anatomical and physiological characteristics of genitals, hormonal and immune system action. Quantitative study of the biota of urogenital tract in Dnipropetrovsk women with the use of real-time PCR is the sensitive method for diagnosing both physiological and pathological changes, and dysbiotic disorders at early stages and preventing their further development into more serious forms.

Molecular screening in a longitudinal cohort of young men who have sex with men and young transgender women: associations with focus on the emerging sexually transmitted pathogen Mycoplasma genitalium

2020 ◽  
pp. sextrans-2020-054463
Author(s):  
Erik Munson ◽  
Ethan Morgan ◽  
Laura Sienkiewicz ◽  
Yazmine Thomas ◽  
Kathleen Buehler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Sexual Practice ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Urine Screening ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sex With Men

ObjectivesThis investigation sought to characterise risk factors associated with acquisition of traditional and emerging agents of sexually transmitted infection (STI) in a cohort of young men who have sex with men and transgender women.Methods917 participants provided urine and rectal swab submissions assessed by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA)-based assays for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae and by off-label TMA-based Trichomonas vaginalis and Mycoplasma genitalium testing. A subset provided specimens at 6-month and 12-month follow-up visits.ResultsPrevalence of M. genitalium from rectal and urine specimens (21.7% and 8.9%, respectively) exceeded that of C. trachomatis (8.8% and 1.6%) and other STI agents. Black participants yielded higher prevalence of M. genitalium (30.6%) than non-black participants (17.0%; χ²=22.39; p<0.0001). M. genitalium prevalence from rectal specimens was 41.5% in HIV-positive participants vs 16.3% in HIV-negative participants (χ²=57.72; p<0.0001). Participant age, gender identity, condomless insertive anal/vaginal sexual practice and condomless receptive anal sexual practice were not associated with rectal C. trachomatis (p≥0.10), N. gonorrhoeae (p≥0.29), T. vaginalis (p≥0.18) or M. genitalium (p≥0.20) detection. While prevalence of T. vaginalis was calculated at ≤1.0%, baseline rectal and urine screening status was predictive of detection/non-detection at follow-up. A non-reactive M. genitalium baseline rectal or urine screening result was less predictive of non-reactive follow-up versus C. trachomatis, N. gonorrhoeae and T. vaginalis.ConclusionsRectal M. genitalium detection is associated with black race and HIV seropositivity. Baseline M. genitalium infection influences subsequent detection of the organism.

scholarly journals Are Swedish swingers a risk group for sexually transmitted infections?

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242097310
Author(s):  
Nirina Andersson ◽  
Jennifer Ejnestrand ◽  
Yvonne Lidgren ◽  
Annika Allard ◽  
Jens Boman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Risk Group ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Unprotected Sex ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
High Risk Sexual Behavior ◽  
Vaginal Sex ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to investigate whether Swedish swingers constitute a risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Two swinger clubs were invited to participate. At swinger meetings, members were offered an STI sampling kit and a questionnaire. Samples were analyzed for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma genitalium, and Trichomonas vaginalis using a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. In total, 235 swingers participated (118 women and 117 men). Urogenital C. trachomatis prevalence was 1.7%. Urogenital M. genitalium prevalence was 7.6% for women and 4.3% for men. No one tested positive for N. gonorrhoeae or T. vaginalis. For women, the mean number of unprotected temporary sex partners within the last 12 months was four men (range 0–35) and three women (range 0–50). Among men, the mean number of unprotected temporary sex partners within the last 12 months was five women (range 0–50) and 0 men (range 0–10). During vaginal sex, 46.6% women and 38.5% men always used protection with a temporary sex partner. Swedish swingers did not seem to have an increased prevalence of STIs. However, there was high-risk sexual behavior with unprotected sex and multiple sex partners, thereby making them a vulnerable group for acquiring STIs.

scholarly journals Improved molecular laboratory productivity by consolidation of testing on the new random-access analyzer Alinity m

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Obermeier ◽  
Monia Pacenti ◽  
Robert Ehret ◽  
Francesco Onelia ◽  
Rory Gunson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
International Multicenter Study ◽  
Laboratory Productivity ◽  
Laboratory Workflow

AbstractObjectivesAutomated molecular analyzers have accelerated diagnosis, allowing earlier intervention and better patient follow-up. A recently developed completely automated molecular analyzer, Alinity™ m (Abbott), offers consolidated, continuous, and random-access testing that may improve molecular laboratory workflow.MethodsAn international, multicenter study compared laboratory workflow metrics across various routine analyzers and Alinity m utilizing assays for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), high-risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV), and sexually transmitted infection (STI) (Chlamydia trachomatis [CT]/Neisseria gonorrhoeae [NG]/Trichomonas vaginalis [TV]/Mycoplasma genitalium [MG]). Three turnaround times (TATs) were assessed: total TAT (sample arrival to result), sample onboard TAT (sample loading and test starting to result), and processing TAT (sample aspiration to result).ResultsTotal TAT was reduced from days with routine analyzers to hours with Alinity m, independent of requested assays. Sample onboard TATs for standard workflow using routine analyzers ranged from 7 to 32.5 h compared to 2.75–6 h for Alinity m. The mean sample onboard TAT for STAT samples on Alinity m was 2.36 h (±0.19 h). Processing TATs for Alinity m were independent of the combination of assays, with 100% of results reported within 117 min.ConclusionsThe consolidated, continuous, random-access workflow of Alinity m reduces TATs across various assays and is expected to improve both laboratory operational efficiency and patient care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document