The Rise of Digital Repression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Feldstein
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Political Repression ◽  
The World ◽  
Dna Collection ◽  
Opposition Movements ◽  
Mass Surveillance

This book documents the rise of digital repression—how governments are deploying new technologies to counter dissent, maintain political control, and ensure regime survival. The emergence of varied digital technologies is bringing new dimensions to political repression. At its core, the expanding use of digital repression reflects a fairly simple motivation: states are seeking and finding new ways to control, manipulate, surveil, or disrupt real or perceived threats. This book investigates the goals, motivations, and drivers of digital repression. It presents case studies in Thailand, the Philippines, and Ethiopia, highlighting how governments pursue digital strategies based on a range of factors: ongoing levels of repression, leadership, state capacity, and technological development. But a basic political motive—how to preserve and sustain political incumbency—remains a principal explanation for their use. The international community is already seeing glimpses of what the frontiers of repression look like, such as in China, where authorities have brought together mass surveillance, online censorship, DNA collection, and artificial intelligence to enforce their rule in Xinjiang. Many of these trends are going global. This has major implications for democratic governments and civil society activists around the world. The book also presents innovative ideas and strategies for civil society and opposition movements to respond to the digital autocratic wave.

Management of sustainable innovation for national development

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alvaro Cristian Sánchez Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
National Development ◽  
Main Research ◽  
The World ◽  
End Use ◽  
Research Centres ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Throughout history the development of the countries has been generated mainly by the impulse in two complementary axes: Science and Technology, and Trade. At present we are experiencing an exponential scientific and technological development and the Economy in all its fronts is driven by the intensive application of technology. According to these considerations, this research tries to expose the development of Innovation Management as a transversal mechanism to promote the different socioeconomic areas and especially those supported by engineering. To this end, use will be made of Technology Watch in order to identify the advances of the main research centres related to innovation in the world. Next, there will be an evaluation of the main models of Innovation Management and related methodologies that expose some of the existing Innovation Observatories in the world to finally make a proposal for Innovation Management applicable to the reality of Peru, so that it can be taken into consideration by stakeholders (Government, Academy, Business and Civil Society) committed to Innovation Management in the country

BRICS Countries Possible Areas for Scientific Cooperation

2015 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Scientific Cooperation ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
A Share

The article evaluates science sectors and effectiveness of scientific research in the countries forming the BRICS group, as well as the current state of scientific and technological cooperation among the group members. The science sectors of the countries under consideration differ markedly, while facing similar problems relating to government regulations and external environments. The differences exist in total expenditures on research and development (as a share of GNP), in the scope of governmental funding (large in Russia and India, but small in China), and in the distribution of allocations among various areas and types of R&D activities. China appears to have the most well-adjusted science sector among the BRICS members. It includes not only strong universities but also high-tech companies that invest actively into research and development. The overall impact (inferred from citation indexes) of fundamental and exploratory research performed in BRICS countries remains low. BRICS's scientists prefer to collaborate with their colleagues from the world-leading countries rather than with their fellows from BRICS. Yet, in contrast to the world trend, in all BRICS countries, except Russia, a share of internationally co-authored publications is now decreasing. BRICS members have more similar interests and priorities in technological development, including infrastructural and large technological projects, than in science. Currently, bilateral cooperation in technology prevails, while the projects involving all members of the group still remain at the stage of preliminary evaluation and discussion. Russia cooperates most closely with China and India, including joint projects in such high-priority directions as new materials, photonics, biomedical, space and information technologies. For Russia, cooperation in technological development appears to be of most interest because it can lead not only to introduction of new technologies but also help to create large Russian innovative companies. Development of successful multilateral cooperation in science and technology among the BRICS members is the key for this group, originally formed for geopolitical reasons, to evolve into an effective economic union.

scholarly journals POSITIONS OF STATES OF THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION REGARDING THE ADOPTION OF RESOLUTIONS ON INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION SECURITY ISSUES WITHIN THE FRAMES OF THE UN

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Mykola Ryzhkov ◽  
Anastasiia Siabro
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
International Development ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Security System ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
The World

Achievements in the sphere of automatization and telecommunication are an essential component of transformation of the international peace and security system. This article presents, that consequences of changes are of a dual character. On the one hand, new technologies are becoming an important component of society modernization strategies in developing countries, on the other hand, they can be used for armament modernization or creation of new means of confrontation in modern international relations. APR countries face the most relevant issue of information technologies usage. The article deals with the process of discussion of new challenges and threats to international security, emerging as a result of development and large-scale implementation of information-communication technologies. Positions of states regarding the adoption of resolution in the sphere of international information security were studied through examples of Japan, India, and China. It is proved in the article, that information technologies have become an important component of the security system in the world. Technologies usage may lead to steady international development as well as to information arms race. That is why working out a common position on international information security issues is of crucial importance. It is within the framework of the UN, that different states of the world are given an opportunity to express their visions of the problem of international information security and work out common approaches to its solution. The article shows, that states’ positions have similar as well as different features. For instance, all states express concern regarding possible limitation of technology transfer for the establishment of a more controlled international political environment. But states’ positions have major differences as to mechanisms of information security provision. Thus, Japan and India strive to achieve a balanced system of international information security, which should at the same time have preventive mechanisms against the emergence of threats in the information and science and technology spheres and guarantee continuation of scientific-technological development, which is a crucial component of development and modernization strategies in many countries of the world. China came forward with position of strong regulation of international information security issues and suggested framing of corresponding regulations of the states’ conduct in the cyberspace.

Transforming Democracy through ICT

2008 ◽  
pp. 2441-2449
Author(s):  
Andy Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Local Scale ◽  
Citizen Engagement ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Do So

This article explores the potential of ICT to be used to transform the processes of citizen engagement such that a citizen-centred approach to e-democracy becomes both viable and desirable. It will do so by exploring three tensions relating to democracy and civil society: first that participation in traditional democracy is falling, yet new technologies are mobilising citizens on a global and local scale (such as antiglobalisation protests and electoral protests in the Philippines and Spain); second, ICT increases the technocracy of government but also offers citizens a chance to become closer to it; and third, that macro strategies for ICT access are not enough to remove localised exclusion.

The Changing Global Landscape With Emerging Technologies and Their Implications for Smart Societies

2021 ◽  
pp. 402-423
Author(s):  
Patrice Seuwou ◽  
Vincent F. Adegoke
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
The World ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Mass Surveillance

The opportunities offered by digital technology are enormous. The global social and economic system is being reconfigured at an incredible rate. Connectivity is increasingly reshaping our world and redefining the way we interact with our environment. The rise of digital technologies is transforming almost every aspect of modern life. More and more of our interactions are mediated by machines. Along with the rapid evolution comes the risks, threats, and vulnerabilities in the system for those who plan to exploit it. In this chapter, firstly, the authors explore the role of 5G, big data, the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous vehicles (AV), and cloud computing play in the context of smart societies; secondly, they analyse how the synergy between these technologies will be used by governments and other stakeholders around the world to improve the safety of citizens albeit increasingly relinquishing privacy rights and encouraging mass surveillance at the expense of liberty.

scholarly journals Research on the Application of E-commerce to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs): the Case of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Nguyen Xuan Trung ◽  
Dang Thai Binh ◽  
Dang Thi Thuy ◽  
Dong Thi Thuy Linh
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The World ◽  
Fierce Competition ◽  
Medium Enterprises

SMEs account for a large propotion and play an important role in the development of each country in the world, including India. The globalization will bring many advantages for enterprises however SMEs will face fierce competition at the local, national and international level. In order to maintain and promote the important role of SMEs in the context of increased competition, SMEs have to change and adopt new technologies. E-commerce and digital technologies are bringing opportunities to help SMEs improve their competitiveness, narrow the gap with big enterprises thanks to their fairness and flexibility of the digital business environment. According to UNIDO (2017), India is one of the countries successfully applying e-commerce to SMEs. Contributing to this success is the important role of the Indian government. Therefore, this paper focuses on researching the application of e-commerce to SMEs in terms of the role of government in promoting and creating ecosystem for SMEs and e-commerce development.

scholarly journals Selected Approaches to the Business Environment Evaluation

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Chládková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
World Bank ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World

This paper contains views of managers on the quality of business environment and also reflects the results of the World Bank, which annually assesses the conditions for doing business in different countries, including the Czech Republic. The business environment of the Czech Republic was evaluated based upon the results of the World Bank, which assesses conditions for doing business in various parts of the world. Secondly, views of SME managers on the quality of the business environment were presented. The World Bank’s „Doing Business 2011“ report puts the Czech Republic in the 63rd place (out of 183 examined countries) when it comes to the quality of the business environment. The Czech Republic improved its score in two categories (Property Registration and Ending a Business) compared to the same evaluation conducted in 2010. SME managers evaluated the business environment with SWOT Analysis. „Technical and technological development along with increase in demand for innovated products made by new technologies“ was perceived as the most significant opportunity (82%) while „Competition and rivalry in the industry“ was identified as the most significant threat by almost all respondents (92%) in their 2010 evaluation.

scholarly journals Russia in the Global Process of Scientific and Technological Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 72-91
Author(s):  
E. B. Lenchuk
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Technology Policy ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Technological Basis ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Economic Growth ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

This article investigates new global trends in scientific and technological development and their impact on sustainable socio-economic  development of individual countries and the world as a whole. The author shows the importance of implementing emerging technologies that open up new opportunities for the global economic growth by changing its technological basis, giving a competitive advantage to those countries that are leading this change. The article analyses which new approaches to science and technology policy are being adopted in developed and developing countries to maintain high positions in the R&D and emerging technology, and to conquer new markets. Furthermore, the author reveals the risks associated with a serious gap between Russia and the leading countries, which is unlikely to be bridged with the existing raw material export-based development model. Analyzing the state of scientific andtechnological development, advance in the field of new technologies, as well as implemented strategies and programs in this area, the author identifies key areas for improving scientific and technological state policies, which will allow the country to intensify R&D and innovation in this area, strengthen its position in the global hightech markets and create prerequisites for increasing Russia’s competitive advantages in the global technology scene.

Social and Cultural Sphere and the Development of the Digital Economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
S. T. Sagitov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Wave Development ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
The Impact

Digitalization affects all spheres and processes including socialization of personality, which were out of influence of digital technologies decades ago. At the same time, the science community analyses primarily the impact of digitalization on economy and IT sphere. There are less investigations of the new technologies’ influence on social and cultural sphere. Moreover, the scientists that research the spiritual life of our society leave it by the wayside. The prevailing opinion is that the digital technologies will be an impulse to the cultural Renaissance of Humankind.The article reports that the development of the social and cultural sphere is a critical part of the further technological development of the society. The wave development of the economy including the digital economy, depends on not only technologies, but on the cultural values. The success of the forth industrial revolution and its impact on the development of humankind are totally determined by the development of the culture, science and education.

New Mobilities, New Risks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dillon Mahoney
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experiences ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Urban Economic ◽  
Business Creation ◽  
The World ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Fuzzy Boundary

While cell phones and other new digital technologies can help struggling businesspeople overcome their immobility and lack of access to urban economic space, new forms of connection come with a host of new risks. Despite the importance of new technologies like M-PESA, risk and insecurity are central to shaping lived experiences of mobility and the digital-power divide in much of the world today. The stories in this chapter illustrate that privatization and deregulation of the economy—especially telecommunications—does not necessarily lead to widespread socio-economic development, poverty alleviation, or business creation. Rather than a story of new global motion and mobility, the lived reality of global interconnection today is characterized by discontinuity, immobility, and awkwardness. The types of risk shape their strategies for jumping scales or staying local and balancing the precarious and often fuzzy boundary between economic formality and informality in Mombasa.

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