Perception of Absence as Value-Driven Perception

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anya Farennikova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Ring Finger ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Form

Experiences of absence are often laden with values and expectations. For example, one might notice that a job candidate is not wearing a tie, or see the absence of a wedding band on a person's ring finger. These experiences embody cultural knowledge and expectations, and therefore seem like good candidates for being a form of evaluative perception. This chapter argues that experiences of absence are evaluative apart from the social or cultural values they take on. They are evaluative in their core, solely by virtue of being experiences of absence. The chapter begins by explaining why certain experiences of absence should be treated as a case of genuine perception. It then clarifies the role of the evaluative states in experiences of absence. The chapter concludes by arguing that experiences of absence constitute a new form of evaluative perception, and presents the subjective–objective dichotomy in a new light.

scholarly journals The tourism industry and solving the problems of patriotic education for the young generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPE3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadbir Magusovich Safin ◽  
Rafael Mirgasimoviz Valeev
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Tourist Demand

The analysis of the current state and development of social tourism in Russia indicates the need for further research into its content and forms, aimed at introducing the historical and cultural values of our citizens, organizing their active and wholesome recreation, solving the problems of patriotic education for the country's younger generation. The paper discusses some issues of social tourism development in Russia, the role of social tourism in the preservation and development of historical and cultural heritage focuses on the need to develop measures to stimulate tourist demand, strengthen the social component of tourism in the country

The role of imaginaries in the construction of an innovative market: A market-oriented ethnography of the nanotechnology market

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-45
Author(s):  
Amélie Bellion ◽  
Philippe Robert-Demontrond
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Marketing Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Interpretive Approach ◽  
New Form ◽  
Simultaneous Use ◽  
Symbolic Construction ◽  
Market Construction

The aim of this article is to understand to what extent imaginaries can play a role in the construction of an innovative market. We conducted a market-oriented ethnography of the nanotechnology market construction process, analysing the strategies of three categories of stakeholders: consumers, opponents and promoters. The results reveal a new form of market construction: symbolic construction. In the case of nanotechnologies, this is based on two primary mechanisms: (1) the promotional mechanics of imaginaries, which favour the market through the simultaneous use of familiar and futuristic imaginaries; and (2) ‘meaning activism’, which challenges the market using dystopian imaginaries. This research advocates an interpretive approach to innovation, enriching the marketing literature on innovation and the social construction of markets; it also highlights certain managerial insights generated by this approach.

Leader metaphors in Ekegusii language

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-215
Author(s):  
Aunga Solomon Onchoke ◽  
Xu Wen
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Metaphor Theory

Abstract This is a cognitive linguistic study of a cultural-specific metaphor of a leader in Ekegusii, an African Bantu language in Kenya. A descriptive research design was used whereby the natives were asked to identify and explain the Ekegusii leader metaphorical terms and phrases, describe the social cultural values and to account for the cognitive mapping processes involved. The data collected were analyzed using the Cognitive Metaphor Theory (CMT) of Lakoff and Johnson (1980). The results show that a leader in Ekegusii is conceptualized as a plant, animal, object or the behavior the leader exhibits (also act as X domains). It was also found out that context, values, attitude of the speaker and cultural knowledge play a major role in interpreting and understanding Ekegusii leader metaphors. The study concludes by suggesting further research of metaphors in African and other languages to enable comparisons.

scholarly journals East India Company Strategies in the Development of Singapore

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. p37
Author(s):  
Aniba Israt Ara ◽  
Arshad Islam
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
East India Company ◽  
Malay Peninsula ◽  
Natural Region ◽  
China Trade ◽  
The Social ◽  
British East India Company ◽  
Literature History

Singapore in the Malay Peninsula was targeted by the British East India Company (EIC) to be the epicentre of their direct rule in Southeast Asia. Seeking new sources of revenue at the end of the 18th century, after attaining domination in India, the Company sought to extend its reach into China, and Malaya was the natural region to do this, extending outposts to Penang and Singapore. The latter was first identified as a key site by Stamford Raffles. The EIC Governor General Marquess Hastings (r. 1813-1823) planned to facilitate Raffle’s attention on the Malay Peninsula from Sumatra. Raffles’ plan for Singapore was approved by the EIC’s Bengal Government. The modern system of administration came into the Straits Settlements under the EIC’s Bengal Presidency. In 1819 in Singapore, Raffles established an Anglo-Oriental College (AOC) for the study of Eastern languages, literature, history, and science. The AOC was intended firstly to be the centre of local research and secondly to increase inter-cultural knowledge of the East and West. Besides Raffles’ efforts, the EIC developed political and socio-economic systems for Singapore. The most important aspects of the social development of Singapore were proper accommodation for migrants, poverty eradication, health care, a new system of education, and women’s rights. The free trade introduced by Francis Light (and later Stamford Raffles) in Penang and Singapore respectively gave enormous opportunities for approved merchants to expand their commerce from Burma to Australia and from Java to China. Before the termination of the China trade in 1833 Singapore developed tremendously, and cemented the role of the European trading paradigm in the East.

scholarly journals Cultural values, but not nationality, predict social inclusion of robots

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Marchesi ◽  
Cecilia Roselli ◽  
Agnieszka Wykowska
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Experimental Paradigm ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Ostracism ◽  
Eastern Cultures ◽  
The Individual

Research highlighted that Western and Eastern cultures differ in socio-cognitive mechanisms, such as social inclusion. Interestingly, social inclusion is a phe-nomenon that might transfer from human-human to human-robot relationships. Although the literature has shown that individual attitudes towards robots are shaped by cultural background, little research has investigated the role of cul-tural differences in the social inclusion of robots. In the present experiment, we investigated how cultural differences, in terms of nationality and individual cul-tural stance, influence social inclusion of the humanoid robot iCub, in a modi-fied version of the Cyberball game, a classical experimental paradigm measur-ing social ostracism and exclusion mechanisms. Moreover, we investigated whether the individual tendency to attribute intentionality towards robots mod-ulates the degree of inclusion of the iCub robot during the Cyberball game. Re-sults suggested that the individuals’ stance towards collectivism and tendency to attribute a mind to robots both predicted the level of social inclusion of the iCub robot in our version of the Cyberball game.

Perkembangan Ritual Adat Mangongkal Holi Batak Toba dalam Kekristenan di Tanah Batak

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Firman Oktavianus Hutagaol ◽  
Iky Sumarthita P. Prayitno
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Emile Durkheim ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Toba Batak ◽  
Mechanical Solidarity ◽  
North Sumatra

This paper is the result of observations and analysis of religious sociology on the traditional mangongkal holi rituals in Pahae Julu, North Tapanuli Regency, North Sumatra. This paper aims to explore and explain the social and cultural values contained in this traditional ritual. This ritual survives and adheres to the Toba Batak tribe even though its implementation has been adapted to the teachings of Christianity prevailing in the Batak Land. Some of the social and cultural values contained in the ritual still survive and are important for the Toba Batak people. To approach this problem, theoretical references from Emile Durkheim and Max Weber are used. Data was collected through literature studies, interviews, and direct observations of these traditional rituals in the Pahae Julu area, as well as qualitative analysis. This paper concludes that this traditional ritual contains mechanical solidarity and the role of the charismatic ritual leader for the Batak people.

scholarly journals Revitalization Model The Role of Tigo Tungku Sajarangan in Fostering Character of Children in Minangkabau Family and Its Socialization Through Website

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.5) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roswita Sitompul ◽  
A Alesyanti ◽  
H Hartono ◽  
Ansari Saleh Ahmar
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Customary Law ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Model Design ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

Globalization is not a process of depriving identity, but a process for maintaining the identity of a nation. Maintenance does not mean to close themselves from the influence of foreign culture. The values contained within a culture must have the ability to adapt and adapt to other cultures through a selection process. Considering the social phenomenon that is happening in the daily life of Minangkabau society, implied the roots of cultural values, especially the value of characters, began to erode in the education of children in the family. The value of the character is almost no longer reflected in the daily life of Minangkabau youth. In fact there is an extreme statement that is often expressed by adat leaders, that at the level of the concept of Minangkabau human still densely, but not in line with the level of behavior. Changes in behavior of the younger generation seems to have tercerabut from the roots of culture.Starting from the above phenomenon, the researcher wanted to re-question the tasks and functions of the tuahku sajar tungku, which had been instrumental in providing character values for the children and nephew in Minangkabau, but slowly the task began to shift and rely on the parents alone. The question that arises here is why customary law no longer raises the responsibility of planting the value of character to the tuah kuung sangan, what factors lead to waning the spirit of character values in the education of children in the family, and how the model design that can be used as a reference for the effort to re-revitalize the role of tigo stoves in helping parents in instilling character values on Minangkabau family. This model is expected to be known to many people through socialization by using the website.  

scholarly journals White Picket Fences: Fulton Sheen’s Influence on the Social Role of Catholicism in the 1950s

INvoke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Romanik ◽  
Marina Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Social Role ◽  
Worth Living ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S

“Life is Worth Living” was a well-received Catholic show that aired in 1950s America and was hosted by the venerable Archbishop Fulton Sheen. The popularity of the show can be easily tied back to Sheen’s on-screen charisma and dramatic delivery of American Christian concepts. The show aired Tuesday nights at eight opposite the popular Milton Berle show and Fulton Sheen even won an Emmy for the Most Outstanding Television Personality for his performance in 1952. However, the show is representative of a brief era of normalcy before the change of the 1960s. The unification of Catholic morals and cultural values presented by Sheen in the show helped renew public interest in Catholicism through appealing to a common national identity during an era of an expanding religious marketplace. So through examining “Life is Worth Living,” the social values of faith and the changing religious views can be illuminated upon.

scholarly journals Psychedelics as Tools for Belief Transmission. Set, Setting, Suggestibility, and Persuasion in the Ritual Use of Hallucinogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Dupuis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Central Place ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Social Affiliation ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Indigenous Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Verification Process

The use of psychedelics in the collective rituals of numerous indigenous groups suggests that these substances are powerful catalysts of social affiliation, enculturation, and belief transmission. This feature has recently been highlighted as part of the renewed interest in psychedelics in Euro-American societies, and seen as a previously underestimated vector of their therapeutic properties. The property of psychedelics to increase feelings of collective belonging and transmission of specific cultural values or beliefs raise, however, complex ethical questions in the context of the globalization of these substances. In the past decades, this property has been perceived as problematic by anticult movements and public authorities of some European countries, claiming that these substances could be used for “mental manipulation.” Despite the fact that this notion has been widely criticized by the scientific community, alternative perspectives on how psychedelic experience supports enculturation and social affiliation have been yet little explored. Beyond the political issues that underlie it, the re-emergence of the concept of “psychedelic brainwashing” can then be read as the consequence of the fact that the dynamic through which psychedelic experience supports persuasion is still poorly understood. Beyond the unscientific and politically controversed notion of brainwashing, how to think the role of psychedelics in the dynamics of transmission of belief and its ethical stakes? Drawing on data collected in a shamanic center in the Peruvian Amazon, this article addresses this question through an ethnographic case-study. Proposing the state of hypersuggestibility induced by psychedelics as the main factor making the substances powerful tools for belief transmission, I show that it is also paradoxically in its capacity to produce doubt, ambivalence, and reflexivity that psychedelics support enculturation. I argue that, far from the brainwashing model, this dynamic is giving a central place to the agency of the recipient, showing that it is ultimately on the recipient’s efforts to test the object of belief through an experiential verification process that the dynamic of psychedelic enculturation relies on. Finally, I explore the permanence and the conditions of sustainability of the social affiliation emerging from these practices and outline the ethical stakes of these observations.

Social context and translation of public notices

Babel ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meifang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
Present Writer ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Single Text ◽  
The Social ◽  
Text Types

To study the translation of public notice is in effect seeking insights which take us beyond translation itself towards the whole relationship between language activity and the social context in which the translation is intended to function. Social context is an important aspect in the study of language and translation because the three are inextricably linked. This paper attempts to investigate the text types, text functions and the translations of public notices functioning in the social context of Macao SAR of China. It tries to deduce about the contexts in which the ST and TT were produced, the purpose for which they were produced and the target reader for whom they were produced. The study is carried out in the light of Reiss’s theory of text typology (2000) and the Hallidayan systemic functional linguistics. It is hoped that this study will identity differences in public notice translation and explore the reasons behind the differences, and also be a test case for examining the role of functional theories of language in explaining some phenomena of translation.
 Texts for the analysis are extracted from the database for a research project undertaken by the present writer, and the analysis is conducted in terms of three text types and functions: informative, expressive and operative. The results of this study reveal that although one of the language functions might be dominant in a single text in a public notice, overlapping or combining functions are very often bestowed upon most texts. They also show that although invariance in the transfer of content could be achieved in the translation of informative texts, and an analogous form in the translation could be found in the transfer of an expressive text, there are more differences than similarities in the translation of texts with operative functions.
 Possible reasons behind the differences between the source and target texts are discussed. It is argued that the differences are most possibly caused by differences in cultural values, different religious backgrounds and different expectations between readers of the source and target texts.


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