Media Malaise and the Decline of Legitimacy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Van Aelst
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Political Support ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Political News ◽  
Negative Tone ◽  
Election News ◽  
Over Time

This chapter analyzes media malaise theories and their consequences for legitimacy. These theories argue that the increasing availability of information through new and old media and increasingly negative tone of media are to blame for declining legitimacy. The chapter examines these claims by providing a systematic review of empirical research on media and political support. It first investigates whether news coverage has become more negative over time, and then examines the micro process that might explain the link between media coverage and political support. Empirical evidence suggests that where coverage has become more negative, this occurred before the 1990s and has levelled off since, and is concentrated primarily in election news. Negative political news does have a modest impact on political support once controlled for level of education, but that effect can be positive and negative, depending on the medium, the receiver, and the indicator of political support.

scholarly journals Experts in Election News Coverage

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Albæk ◽  
Christian Elmelund-Præstekær ◽  
David Nicolas Hopmann ◽  
Robert Klemmensen
Keyword(s):  
Political Process ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Journalism ◽  
Campaign Coverage ◽  
Election Coverage ◽  
The Media ◽  
Election News ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Previous studies have shown that experts appearing in the media are increasingly speculating about trends and developments rather than presenting their own research. With respect to political journalism, this raises the question of whether increased use of expert sources has also led to an increased focus on process relative to substance in election news coverage. The study, conducted in 1998 and 2007, surveys what types of experts are referred to in the election coverage, what topics the experts comment on (in particular whether they focus on substance or process), and whether the number and types of experts as well as topics have changed over time. As expected, there is an increase in newspapers’ references to experts in their election campaign coverage. However, contrary to our expectations, in both 1998 and 2007, there is an equal number of articles referring to the election campaign’s political content (i.e., they mentioned the topics promoted by the political actors during the campaign) and to the political process. And extremely few articles included meta-discussions.

scholarly journals The Effects of Dramatized Political News on Public Opinion

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 321-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
News Media ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Popular Method ◽  
Political News

Today’s American political news environment is more fragmented than ever before. In order to attract a larger audience, many political news reporters, editors, and producers work to create a product that is not only informative, but also entertaining and compelling. A popular method of achieving this goal is to dramatize news coverage of politics. While the goal of dramatizing the news is to entertain, previous research has discussed a number of possible side effects. Empirical evidence on this subject, however, is seriously lacking. Using a controlled laboratory experiment, this article analyzes the effect of dramatically embellished news on public opinion. The results indicate that, although entertaining for some, dramatically embellished political news has some negative effects on larger political attitudes, including overall support for political leaders and trust in the news media.

The politics of containment: Immigration coverage in UK General Election news coverage (1992–2015)

Journalism ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Deacon ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Phase Content ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
General Elections ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Immigration Issue ◽  
Election News

This article examines the extent to which coverage of immigration issues has featured in mainstream national news coverage of six UK General Elections between 1992 and 2015. The six-phase content analysis charts shifts in the scale of coverage over this period that cannot be explained by reference to external factors alone, such as increases in net migration and growing public attentiveness to the issue. We show that since 2005, a disconnect has emerged between media coverage of the issue and external indicators of its scale and importance. The analysis also reveals a shift in the ownership of the immigration issue in formal campaign settings, with the UK Independence Party becoming the most dominant issue associate in electoral coverage of immigration issues.

Media and juvenile delinquency: A study into the relationship between journalists, politics, and public

Journalism ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 907-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nel Ruigrok ◽  
Wouter van Atteveldt ◽  
Sarah Gagestein ◽  
Carina Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Delinquency ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Youth Crime ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Juvenile Suspects

Between 2007 and 2011, the number of registered juvenile suspects declined by 44 percent, but the Dutch public did not feel any safer. In this research, we study media coverage of youth crime and interview journalists and their sources in order to investigate the relationship between journalists, their sources, and the possible effects on the public with respect to fear of crime. We find an overrepresentation of youth crime in news coverage, especially in the popular press, and a stronger episodic focus over time. All media focus increasingly on powerful sources that focus on repressive framing, but this is especially found in the elite press. We conclude that news coverage in all media groups, although in different ways, does contribute to the fear of crime in society and the idea that repressive measures are needed. The fact that this fear of crime is also caused by news coverage is acknowledged, but neither journalists nor politicians are able or willing to change this.

Public Salience of Foreign Nations

1992 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Salwen ◽  
Frances R. Matera
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Telephone Survey ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dade County ◽  
Over Time

There is a relationship between media mentions of certain foreign nations and reader/viewer learning. A study in Dade County, Florida, matched a content analysis of major media with results of an extensive telephone survey within the context of agenda-setting hypotheses. Cumulative correlations over time suggest that the amount of news coverage devoted to various nations was accurately perceived by the audience. Media coverage, however, did not appear to influence public assessments of foreign nations as friends or enemies of the United States.

scholarly journals Television News Coverage of COVID-19 Pandemic in Nigeria: Missed Opportunities to Promote Health Due to Ownership and Politics

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215824402110326
Author(s):  
Oberiri Destiny Apuke ◽  
Bahiyah Omar
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Television News ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Media Ownership ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Government ◽  
Negative Tone ◽  
Privately Owned

This study examined Television news coverage of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria from February 2020 to July 2020. The focus was on African Independent Television (AIT), a privately owned TV, and Nigerian Television Authority (NTA), a government-owned TV. We also interviewed ( n = 30) participants to understand their view on media coverage of the pandemic. We found that the TV stations paid adequate attention to the issues of COVID-19. However, the private media allocated more prominence to the coverage of COVID-19. By implication, the private media had more COVID-19 stories telecasted on its headline which also appeared as the first headline in many cases. Furthermore, they had more stories that were aired 61 seconds and above. The findings also showed that the government media outlet cited more of government officials while the private media dueled more on the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC). The private media had more negative tone stories, and most of its stories used visual and motion footages. Overall, our findings suggest that media ownership and politics play a large role in the coverage of COVID-19 in Nigeria. This has affected the attitude of the public as many of them no longer see the pandemic as something serious, but rather politically motivated virus to highlight the failings of the political party in power.

Understanding Women Who Try to Kill Their Abusers: Print Media Coverage of R. v. Ryan

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bailey Gerrits ◽  
Nadia Verrelli ◽  
Lori Chambers
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Print Media ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Time Analysis ◽  
Domestic Violence Survivors ◽  
Negative Conclusion ◽  
Over Time

Background: The news coverage of domestic violence survivors who lethally defend themselves is often negative and promotes misconceptions. The trials of Nicole Doucet, who tried to hire a hitman to kill her abusive husband, provides an opportunity to assess if tone of the coverage changed over time. Analysis: News coverage of the Ryan case started neutral or favourable to Doucet and included feminist legal analysis. Interjections by Michael Ryan and the RCMP shifted the coverage to use more men’s rights arguments and negatively portray Doucet. Conclusion and implications: Canadian newspapers demonstrated, in equal measure, a better grasp of women’s defensive violence and a susceptibility to be swayed by men’s rights arguments.Contexte : La couverture médiatique des survivantes de la violence domestique qui se défendent mortellement est souvent négative et fait avancer des idees fausses. Les procès de Nicole Doucet, qui a tenté d’embaucher un tueur à gages pour tuer son mari violent, offre l’occasion d’évaluer si le ton de la couverture changé au fil du temps. Analyse : La couverture des journaux a débuté neutre ou positive et comprenait des analyses juridiques féministes. Les interjections de Michael Ryan et de la GRC ont modifié la couverture pour incluier plus d’arguments en faveur relatifs aux des droits des hommes et pour dépeindre Doucet de manière négative. Conclusion et implications : Les journaux canadiens ont démontré une meilleure compréhensionde la violence défensive des femmes et leur susceptibilité à être influencés par les arguments des droits des hommes

scholarly journals Dementia in Media Coverage: A Comparative Analysis of Two Online Newspapers across Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10539
Author(s):  
Atiqur sm-Rahman ◽  
Chih Hung Lo ◽  
Yasmin Jahan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Online News ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
Online Newspapers ◽  
Negative Tone ◽  
Insight Into

The news media, specifically online newspapers, is one of the powerful transmitters of discourse due to its rapid accessibility that contributes to social beliefs and attitudes that often shape our perceptions on dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. The media portrayal of dementia is largely heterogeneous, but there is certainly an association between the influence of online news coverage and the social perceptions of dementia that need to be understood more broadly. In this study, we examined the portrayal of dementia in two online newspapers (The New York Times and The Guardian) that might have an influence on dementia discourse by comparing the content and form of the news coverage on dementia across time. This study was guided by three interconnected theoretical understandings: cultivation theory, agenda-setting theory, and spiral of silence theory. A total of 291 published articles featuring dementia from 2014 to 2019 were included in this study and a content analysis of the articles provided insight into the dementia-related news coverage. Our results showed that both newspapers have a decreasing trend in publishing articles related to dementia over time. In addition, dementia-related (modifiable) risk factors as principal news content was significantly associated with the year of publication. Despite a weak association between story categories and newspapers, the majority of articles reported preventive measures as the main story category. Although both newspapers featured more articles with a less negative tone across time when reporting on dementia, derogative wording, as discourse, was commonly used to address the illness. We have provided some insight into understanding how online newspapers potentially affect subjective representations of dementia as well as perpetuate dementia discourse. Finally, we suggest that future study may benefit from establishing a linkage between the depiction of dementia in online newspapers and the contextualization of dementia within cultures.

One Bias Fits All? Three Types of Media Bias and Their Effects on Party Preferences

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1125-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob-Moritz Eberl ◽  
Hajo G. Boomgaarden ◽  
Markus Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Media Coverage ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Media Bias ◽  
Parliamentary Election ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political News ◽  
Party Press ◽  
Using Data

Bias in political news coverage may have a profound influence on voter opinions and preferences. However, the concept of media bias actually encompasses different sub-types: Visibility bias is the salience of political actors, tonality bias the evaluation of these actors, and agenda bias the extent to which parties address preferred issues in media coverage. The present study is the first to explore how each type of bias influences party preferences. Using data from the Austrian parliamentary election campaign of 2013, we combine an online panel survey ( n = 1,285) with measures of media bias from content analyses of party press releases ( n = 1,922) and media coverage in eight newspapers ( n = 6,970). We find substantial effects on party preferences for tonality bias and agenda bias, while visibility bias has no clear impact. Voters who are less politically sophisticated and lack a party identification are more susceptible to bias, and media bias can also reinforce existing partisan identities.

Psychological and Cognitive Aspects of Borderline Intellectual Functioning

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastianina Contena ◽  
Stefano Taddei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intellectual Functioning ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Borderline Intellectual Functioning ◽  
General Quality ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Borderline Intellectual Functioning (BIF) refers to a global IQ ranging from 71 to 84, and it represents a condition of clinical attention for its association with other disorders and its influence on the outcomes of treatments and, in general, quality of life and adaptation. Furthermore, its definition has changed over time causing a relevant clinical impact. For this reason, a systematic review of the literature on this topic can promote an understanding of what has been studied, and can differentiate what is currently attributable to BIF from that which cannot be associated with this kind of intellectual functioning. Using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria, we have conducted a review of the literature about BIF. The results suggest that this condition is still associated with mental retardation, and only a few studies have focused specifically on this condition.

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