Youth and Crisis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Krawatzek
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Actor ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Twentieth Century Europe ◽  
European Youth

This chapter draws the findings of the case studies together and ties them to the historical context of European youth mobilization. It identifies key differences and similarities of discourse about youth and mobilization of young people between authoritarian and democratic regimes, and compares the evolution of the political and public meaning of youth in twentieth-century Europe. The shifting patterns of the meaning of youth challenge homogenizing views which treat it as a purely disruptive or idealistic political actor. Conceptual value also lies in rethinking the term generation. This concept’s prevailing past-boundedness is misleading as a future-oriented horizon of expectation plays a fundamental role in generational language. Crises are characterized by a changing relation to time and a heightened perception of possibilities. This combination leads to a differently experienced present, which updates past experiences and future expectations and simultaneously changes the relationship a society expresses to its present.

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Simone
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cartesian Dualism ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
The World ◽  
Binary Oppositions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Existential Perspective

Virginia Woolf and Being-in-the-world: A Heideggerian Study explores Woolf’s treatment of the relationship between self and world from a phenomenological-existential perspective. This study presents a timely and compelling interpretation of Virginia Woolf’s textual treatment of the relationship between self and world from the perspective of the philosophy of Martin Heidegger. Drawing on Woolf’s novels, essays, reviews, letters, diary entries, short stories, and memoirs, the book explores the political and the ontological, as the individual’s connection to the world comes to be defined by an involvement and engagement that is always already situated within a particular physical, societal, and historical context. Emma Simone argues that at the heart of what it means to be an individual making his or her way in the world, the perspectives of Woolf and Heidegger are founded upon certain shared concerns, including the sustained critique of Cartesian dualism, particularly the resultant binary oppositions of subject and object, and self and Other; the understanding that the individual is a temporal being; an emphasis upon intersubjective relations insofar as Being-in-the-world is defined by Being-with-Others; and a consistent emphasis upon average everydayness as both determinative and representative of the individual’s relationship to and with the world.

Inequality, Growth, and Democracy

2001 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Landa ◽  
Ethan B. Kapstein
Keyword(s):  
Policy Making ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
The Political ◽  
Causal Connection ◽  
Redistributive Policy ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
The Relationship

The analysis of the relationship between inequality and economic growth in distinct politi-coeconomic environments has been one of the central preoccupations of the extensive theoretical and empirical work on growth in the last decade. The authors argue that the empirical evidence available to date strongly indicates the relevance of this work for understanding the elusive causal connection between economic development and democracy. The state of the literature suggests considerable sophistication in conceptualizing the direct economic effects of inequality and contains critical insights into politically unconstrained policy-making aimed at the alleviation of their negative economic impact. However, the political feasibility of the recommended policy measures and the politically mediated effects of inequality and redistributive policy on growth and on the strength and stability of democratic regimes are understood less well. The authors discuss the critical factors influencing these effects and sketch several approaches to creating a comprehensive politicoeconomic account of the interaction between inequality, redistributive policy-making, and political regimes.

scholarly journals Japan’s political solution in Vietnam from March 1945 to August 1945

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Ca Van Phan
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Political Context ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
The Political ◽  
Colonial Administration ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
French Colonial ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

After the coup d'etat of the French colonial administration in Indochina ending the period of Japan-France co-governing, the Japanese government publicized its policy to support the foundation of Vietnam’s “independence”. However, the overall view of the political context of the time, the establishment of the Bao Dai-Tran Trong Kim government is a Japanese solution to Vietnam’s situation in the post-coup d'etat period. This solution stemmed from the plans of the Japanese ruling authorities and the specific historical context in Vietnam at that time. For Japan, the ultimate goal which needed to be reached after the coup was not to affect the effort of the war. For France, not only they lost colonies but also their standing position was underestimated in the eyes of the colonists. For the relationship between Japan and Vietnam, the nature and its motive would change in the way as it should have been.

Setting, Concepts, and Theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Krawatzek
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Political Mobilization ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Symbol ◽  
Conceptual Clarification ◽  
Subsequent Section ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
The Relationship

Youth can play a central role for understanding political developments during crises. The introductory chapter suggests combining the discursive and the physical mobilization of youth to understand its relevance in moments of crisis. Conceptual clarification is provided on the book’s key terms: ‘crisis’ as a category of experience which conveys contingency and possibilities; ‘youth’ as a political and cultural symbol; and ‘generation’ as combining experiences and expectations. The comparative historical frame starts from the contemporary Russian case and gradually adds variation in a controlled manner. A subsequent section develops a theory of the entwined processes of the political mobilization of young people and changing discourses about youth in moments of crisis in distinct political settings. The discussion of the theoretical processes leads to the formulation of the three guiding hypotheses on the symbolic and physical mobilization of youth and the relationship between youth and society at large.

scholarly journals Democratic Citizenship-in-the-Making: Dis/Engagement Profiles of Portuguese Youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Malafaia ◽  
Pedro D. Ferreira ◽  
Isabel Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
The Political ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Emotional Dimensions ◽  
Political Dimensions ◽  
Democratic Support ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Analyze Data

Coming to terms with the multidimensionsionality of civic and political engagement implies analyzing it in a comprehensive manner: not limited to conventional modes of expression, nor to dichotomic perspectives or observable acts of participation. Studies in this field tend to overlook cognitive and emotional dimensions as types of engagement which, alongside with behavior, constitute citizenship. In this article, we analyze data from the Portuguese sample of the CATCH-EyoU Project’s survey (1,007 young people aged between 14 and 30 years old). The main result is the identification of four distinct profiles according to behavioral, emotional and cognitive forms of engagement: Alienated, Passive, Disengaged and Engaged. These profiles are then examined to assess whether and how they differ in terms of: i) national and European identification, ii) relationships with alternative and traditional media, iii) democratic support, and iv) attitudes towards immigrants and refugees. The relationship between the different profiles and individual socio-demographic variables is also examined. We discuss how different dis/engagement profiles relate with socio-political dimensions and have different consequences both in terms of the political integration of young people and of the political challenges faced by democratic societies.

scholarly journals En la era de la desigualdad, los jóvenes como protagonistas. Construyendo puentes de integración entre la educación. Las perspectivas de empleo y los procesos de participación en Argentina

2017 ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Pablo Christian Aparicio ◽  
Sergio Ignacio Carbajal
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Reforma Educativa ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Transformation Processes

ResumenEn el ámbito de las políticas públicas en Argentina, los jóvenes aparecen cada vez más definidos como actores estratégicos del desarrollo y en su figura se deposita la sostenibilidad y la realización del proyecto histórico y social.Sin embargo son los mismos jóvenes quienes experimentan serias dificultades al momento de gestionar sus proyectos biográficos e itinerarios educativos y laborales.En un contexto dominado por la expansión de las desigualdades sociales, las carencias de expectativas futuras, la invisibilización política y la postergación institucional. En este mismo escenario la actual políticaeducativa se muestra insuficiente para afrontar los nuevos desafíos inherentes a la participación, la cohesión y la inclusión social plena.Por este motivo, en el presente artículo se reflexionara sobre la Educación en términos de una herramienta de transformación social capaz de dinamizar procesos de inclusión social y empoderar los intereses y las demandas de los jóvenes.Palabras clave: Desigualdad socioeducativa, Jóvenes, Instituciones educativas, Participación, Reforma educativa en Argentina.AbstractIn the area of public policy in Argentina, young people are increasingly defined as strategic actors of development and its sustainability set is deposited and the realization of social and historical project. But it is the same young people who experience serious difficulties when managing their biographical projects and education and employment pathways.In a context dominated by the expansion of social inequalities, lack of future expectations, the political invisibility and institutional delay. In this scenario the current educational policy to be inadequate to meet the new challenges inherent in participation, social cohesion and inclusion full. Therefore, in this article reflect on education in terms of a tool capable of energizing social transformation processes of social inclusion and empower the interests and demands of young people.Key words: Inequality rehabilitative, Youth, Educational Institutions, Participation, Educational Reform in Argentina.

scholarly journals Carl Schmitt: Positionen and Begriffe. The Difference Between Politics and the Political

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
Paweł Kaczorowski
Keyword(s):  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Political Thinker ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Twentieth Century Europe ◽  
Special Space

The subject of consideration is the relationship between politics and the political, as it is presented in two dissertations by Carl Schmitt from the 1920s: the famous Der Begriff des Politischen and the most extensive work from this period – Verfassungslehre. The thesis of the article is that, contrary to the fairly widespread interpretation of both these phenomena, that is, politics in the common sense and its special form to which Carl Schmitt referred as the political, should not be treated as explanandum and explanans, but as separate, co-occurring and somewhat complementary phenomena. While politics involves state actions for the public interest, ideologically defined according to classic political categories, the political is a sphere of specific actions in the special space of relations sometimes formed between collective entities, defined by the terms enemy-friend, a space cognitively diagnosed by Carl Schmitt. The political is not a real form of politics, but a form of action in the sphere of collective life other than politics, which is essentially important for building the structure of the state. The disclosure of the political in the activities of individual countries is an important element of analysis in foreign policy, an element of analysis of a situation within international relations. Revealing the political as a kind of arcana imperi of state actions, Carl Schmitt appears not only and not primarily as a neutral theoretician of politics, but as a German national political thinker, analysing primarily the situation of Germany in relation to the Entente countries at a very special moment in the history of twentieth-century Europe.

Mihai Şora: A Philosopher of Dialogue

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-638
Author(s):  
Aurelian Craiutu
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Final Section ◽  
The Political ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Philosophy Of Dialogue ◽  
Communist Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

This article examines the political philosophy of Mihai Şora, one of the most important contemporary Romanian philosophers and the former minister of education in Romania's first post-communist government. After presenting Şora's unique intellectual trajectory that spans over six decades, the article explores in detail his theory of authenticity and alienation as well as his philosophy of dialogue and civil society. Şora's writings shed light on the tension between politics and philosophy and challenge us to rethink the relationship between freedom, authenticity, and liberal principles and values. The final section revisits the role of philosophers in the context of the fledgling Eastern European democratic regimes.

scholarly journals En la era de la desigualdad, los jóvenes como protagonistas. Construyendo puentes de integración entre la educación. Las perspectivas de empleo y los procesos de participación en Argentina

2017 ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Pablo Christian Aparicio ◽  
Sergio Ignacio Carbajal
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Reforma Educativa ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Transformation Processes

ResumenEn el ámbito de las políticas públicas en Argentina, los jóvenes aparecen cada vez más definidos como actores estratégicos del desarrollo y en su figura se deposita la sostenibilidad y la realización del proyecto histórico y social.Sin embargo son los mismos jóvenes quienes experimentan serias dificultades al momento de gestionar sus proyectos biográficos e itinerarios educativos y laborales.En un contexto dominado por la expansión de las desigualdades sociales, las carencias de expectativas futuras, la invisibilización política y la postergación institucional. En este mismo escenario la actual políticaeducativa se muestra insuficiente para afrontar los nuevos desafíos inherentes a la participación, la cohesión y la inclusión social plena.Por este motivo, en el presente artículo se reflexionara sobre la Educación en términos de una herramienta de transformación social capaz de dinamizar procesos de inclusión social y empoderar los intereses y las demandas de los jóvenes.Palabras clave: Desigualdad socioeducativa, Jóvenes, Instituciones educativas, Participación, Reforma educativa en Argentina.AbstractIn the area of public policy in Argentina, young people are increasingly defined as strategic actors of development and its sustainability set is deposited and the realization of social and historical project. But it is the same young people who experience serious difficulties when managing their biographical projects and education and employment pathways.In a context dominated by the expansion of social inequalities, lack of future expectations, the political invisibility and institutional delay. In this scenario the current educational policy to be inadequate to meet the new challenges inherent in participation, social cohesion and inclusion full. Therefore, in this article reflect on education in terms of a tool capable of energizing social transformation processes of social inclusion and empower the interests and demands of young people.Key words: Inequality rehabilitative, Youth, Educational Institutions, Participation, Educational Reform in Argentina.

scholarly journals Pulled in and pushed out of politics: The impact of neoliberalism on young people’s differing political consumerist motivations in the UK and Greece

2020 ◽  
pp. 019251212093552
Author(s):  
Georgios Kyroglou ◽  
Matt Henn
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Consumerism ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Political consumerism refers to citizens’ use of boycotting and buycotting as they seek to influence political outcomes within the marketplace rather than through more traditional routes such as voting. However, given the pressure that neoliberalist forces exert on the marketplace, the lack of literature problematising the relationship between political consumerism and neoliberalism is somewhat surprising. Addressing this gap, we examine how neoliberalism impacts youth political consumerism in the UK and Greece. Focus-group findings suggest the existence of two inter-connected effects. Firstly, we detect a neoliberal ‘push effect’ away from electoral politics. Secondly, we discern a parallel ‘pull effect’ as young people seek the ‘political’ within the marketplace. In Greece, youth political consumerism seems to result primarily from distrust of institutional political actors. In contrast, young political consumers in the UK appear to be principally driven by confidence in the capacity of the market to respond to their pressing needs.

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