Rhetoric and Leviathan

2018 ◽  
pp. 254-274
Author(s):  
Timothy Raylor
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Rhetorical Figures ◽  
The Church

This chapter examines Hobbes’s use of rhetorical techniques in Leviathan. It argues that the rhetorical texture of Hobbes’s presentation of his civil philosophy in Leviathan differs from that in earlier statements (in The Elements of Law and De cive) less than is usually claimed. And it argues that the most distinctive rhetorical aspect of Leviathan is the application, in its final part, of the full range of rhetorical figures of scorn in an extended attack on the church of Rome—an attack that is unprecedented in Hobbes’s earlier works and which is the product of a new agenda rather than a changed opinion on the character and status of rhetoric.

The Minor Prophets as Christian Scripture in the Commentaries of Theodore of Mopsuestia and Cyril of Alexandria

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hauna T. Ondrey
Keyword(s):  
Old Testament ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Cyril Of Alexandria ◽  
Theodore Of Mopsuestia ◽  
Positive Account ◽  
Mosaic Law ◽  
Recent Tendency ◽  
The Church ◽  
Minor Prophets

This work compares the Minor Prophets commentaries of Theodore of Mopsuestia and Cyril of Alexandria, isolating the role each interpreter assigns the Twelve Prophets in their ministry to Old Testament Israel and the texts of the Twelve as Christian scripture. It argues that Theodore does acknowledge christological prophecies, as distinct from both retrospective accommodation and typology. A careful reading of Cyril’s Commentary on the Twelve limits the prospective christological revelation he ascribes to the prophets and reveals the positive role he grants the Mosaic law prior to Christ’s advent. Exploring secondly the Christian significance Theodore and Cyril assign to Israel’s exile and restoration reveals that Theodore’s reading of the Twelve Prophets, while not attempting to be christocentric, is nevertheless self-consciously Christian. Cyril, unsurprisingly, offers a robust Christian reading of the Twelve, yet this too must be expanded by his focus on the church and concern to equip the church through the ethical paideusis provided by the plain sense of the prophetic text. Revised descriptions of each interpreter lead to the claim that a recent tendency to distinguish the Old Testament interpretation of Theodore (negatively) and Cyril (positively) on the basis of their “christocentrism” obscures more than it clarifies and polarizes no less than earlier accounts of Antiochene/Alexandrian exegesis. The Conclusion argues against replacing old dichotomies with new and advocates rather for an approach that takes seriously Theodore’s positive account of the unity and telos of the divine economy and the full range of Cyril’s interpretation.

scholarly journals Music-Makers and Reformed Theology

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Jahdiel N Perez
Keyword(s):  
Final Part ◽  
Reformed Theology ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The World ◽  
Christian Apologetics ◽  
The Church ◽  
Unique Power

ABSTRACT: If Reformed theology hopes to impact contemporary and future societies as much as possible it will have to harness the unique power of music to influence the world beyond the walls of the Church. In this essay, I want to draw attention to the ways in which Christianity, in general, and Reformed theology, in particular, are criticized through music and what we can do to respond. I will introduce an approach to Christian apologetics, which I call sonic-apologetics that enables our music-makers to defend the faith musically. In the first part of this paper, I will discuss five problems to which sonic-apologetics is an answer. This will anchor the second part of this essay, in which I construct sonic-apologetics from three notions: (1) methodological emphasis on effects, (2) genres of expression, and (3) the distinction between linear and angled apologetic responses. In the final part of this essay, I present two different study cases of sonic-apologetics. Nothing about what I will discuss regarding sonic-apologetics changing existing liturgical norms of Christian churches, especially Reformed ones. It does, however, call for those producing and performing music in these churches to direct their music-making interests and abilities toward the world outside the church walls. KEYWORDS: reformed theology, music, sonic-apologetics.

Legal Skills

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Finch ◽  
Stefan Fafinski
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Oral Presentation ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Essay Writing ◽  
The Law ◽  
Book Covers

Legal Skills is structured in three parts, covering a full range of legal skills. The first part deals with sources of law and includes information on finding and using legislation, case law, books, journals, and official publications, making sure you understand where the law comes from, and how to use it. The second part covers academic legal skills and provides advice on study and writing skills, legal reasoning, referencing and avoiding plagiarism, essay writing, dissertations, problem solving, and revision and examinations. The final part of the book covers the practical legal skills of oral presentation, mooting, and negotiation.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver H. Creighton ◽  
Duncan W. Wright ◽  
Michael Fradley ◽  
Steven Trick
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Documentary History ◽  
Siege Warfare ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
The Church

This introductory chapter outlines the historiography of the reign of King Stephen (1135–54), highlighting how study has been dominated by documentary history while archaeological and other material evidence has played a marginal role. It identifies landmark studies of the period, summarises the principal chroniclers that cover Stephen’s reign and discusses charters as another cornerstone of the evidence base. A major debate has centred on whether or not the period should continue to be styled as ‘the Anarchy’, with scholars taking maximalist and minimalist views of the violence and disturbances of the period. The final part of the chapter explains the approach and structure of the volume: after a chronological outline of the civil war (Chapter 2), the book covers conflict landscapes and siege warfare (Chapter 3), castles (Chapter 4), artefacts and material culture (Chapter 5), weaponry and armour (Chapter 6), the church (Chapter 7), settlements and landscape (Chapter 8), and a detailed case study of the fenland campaigns (Chapter 9), while Chapter 10 presents a self-contained concluding essay that reflects on what the material evidence can and cannot us about the conflict and its consequences.

Keeping the Faith in Revolutionary Mexico: Clerical and Lay Resistance to Religious Persecution, East Michoacán, 1926-1929

2002 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Butler
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Popular Religion ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The State ◽  
Passive Resistance ◽  
Religious Persecution ◽  
Catholic Clergy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Church

This article analyses the character of local religious practice in the archdiocese of Michoacán during Mexico'scristerorebellion, and explores the relationship between ‘official’ and ‘popular’ religion under persecution. In particular, it shows how the Catholic clergy and laity reconstructed the religious life at parish level in an attempt to mitigate the effects of the revolutionary state's campaigns against the Church. For a variety of reasons, the significance of such passive resistance to the state, and the complexity of the interaction between the ecclesiastical elite and the Catholic laity, tend to be downplayed in many existing accounts. Perhaps unsurprisingly, many historians see cristero violence as the most important response to religious persecution, and therefore study it to the exclusion of alternative, less visible, modes of resistance. As for the Church, the hierarchy's wranglings with the regime similarly tend to overshadow the labours of priests and their parishioners under persecution. But the full range of popular experiences has also been deliberately compressed for ideological reasons. Many Catholic writers, for instance, seek to exalt the Church by describing a persecution of mythical ferocity. While Calles is likened to Herod, Nero, or Diocletian, the clergy and laity comprise a uniform Church of martyrs designate in revolt against a godless state. To achieve this instructive vision, however, a few exemplary martyrs—such as Father Pro and Anacleto González Flores—are allowed to stand for the whole mass of priests and believers, in the same way that Edmund Campion is revered as the protomartyr of the Elizabethan persecution in England. As a result, a stereotypical but politically serviceable image of a monolithic Church is perpetuated, an image which was recently institutionalised by the canonisation of 25 ‘cristero’ martyrs in May 2000.

scholarly journals Successors of the apostles and witnesses to the truth

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-27
Author(s):  
Максим Козлов
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Vital Importance ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Church

Статья посвящена рассмотрению различных сторон епископского служения. Освещена проблема поставления епископов. При использовании метода исторического анализа, основанного на обращении к Священному Писанию, Правилам святых апостолов, постановлениям Вселенских и Поместных Соборов, а также путём обзора святоотеческого наследия доказывается, что со времён первых христианских общин ни пресвитеры, ни диаконы, ни миряне не обладали правом поставления епископов. Подчеркивается, что рукоположение всегда было прерогативой самих епископов, при этом строго соблюдалось преемство хиротонии от апостолов. В статье рассмотрен сам термин «хиротония» с объяснением его двойного значения - посвящения в священный сан и древнего значения избрания кандидата на поставление в епископа, осуществляемого через простирание рук. Большое внимание уделено описанию чинопоследования епископской хиротонии и его литургического развития. Заключительная часть статьи посвящена анализу требований к епископу в его служении архипастыря и свидетеля истины, в особенности в настоящее время, и обзору понятия соборности как неотъемлемой части Православия. Целью настоящего исследования является привлечение внимания к жизненно важному значению епископата для Церкви и к ответственности архипастырского служения. The article "Successors of the Apostles and Witnesses to the Truth" deals with various aspects of the bishop's ministry. The problem of the ordination of bishops is highlighted. Using the method of historical analysis, based on the Scriptures, the Rules of the Apostles, the decrees of the Ecumenical and Local Councils, and a review of the patristic heritage, it is argued that since the first Christian communities, neither presbyters, deacons nor laymen have had the right to ordain bishops. It emphasizes that ordination was always the prerogative of the bishops themselves, with strict observance of the succession of ordination from the apostles. The article discusses the term "consecration" and explains its double meaning - ordination and the ancient election of a candidate for bishop ministry, which took place through the show of hands. Much attention is given to the description of the consecration of a bishop and its liturgical development. The final part of the article analyses the requirements for a bishop in his ministry as archpastor and witness to the truth, especially in modern times, and reviews the concept of synodality as an integral part of Orthodoxy. The purpose of this study is to draw attention to the vital importance of the episcopate for the Church and to the responsibility of the archpastoral ministry.

The Uniting Church in Australia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Gribben
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Cd Rom ◽  
Infant Baptism ◽  
Inclusive Language ◽  
Worship Leaders ◽  
Catholic Tradition ◽  
The Church

The Uniting Church in Australia (1977) faces the challenge of both being faithful to its inherited traditions (Methodist and Reformed), and taking the opportunity to draw on contemporary ecumenical liturgical scholarship in the preparation of new liturgies. The eucharistic liturgies follow the basic shape of Dix; the Great Prayer may be used in either the Western Catholic tradition, or prefaced by a Reformed “warrant.” There is a wide variety of baptism and related services, including some resources for an adult catechumenate. There is provision for both adult and infant baptism, as appropriate; some material for an adult catechumenate is included, but the church has not yet shown evidence of increased baptism of adults. The first phases of the renewal process involved the production of two worship books, in 1988 and 2005, covering the full range of word, sacrament, and occasional offices, and were increasingly supported by authorized CD-ROM and web-based resources. Inclusive language is used throughout. The liturgical forms are regarded as models, to be varied or supplemented with material with the same theological intent. There is now an increasing move toward local worship leaders (lay and ordained) devising liturgies using resources, including musical, with other theological bases. This raises the question of the theological integrity of the result, in words spoken and sung. The complex task of providing its liturgies for non-European cultures, including indigenous, has hardly begun, though there are services now translated into other languages. The dearth of scholarly liturgical study in theological colleges makes it difficult to see how this can be addressed. Without such historical, theological, and practical study of worship, many other developments will be prey to fashion and individual styles.

On Fostering Ecclesial Dialogue: Engaging Contrasting Ecclesiologies

Ecclesiology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-182
Author(s):  
Bradford Hinze
Keyword(s):  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Dynamic Character ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Church

AbstractDialogue is widely acknowledged as a basic practice constitutive of the church's internal and external identity and mission. Advancing ecclesial dialogue by learning from a phenomenology of its practices and cultivating apt virtues is necessary but insufficient. These efforts are often thwarted because divergent ecclesiological approaches to dialogue stand in tension with one another. This paper explores how three trajectories in Roman Catholic ecclesiology develop contrasting approaches to the role of dialogue in the church: personalist, correlationist, and contextual. The final part of the paper proposes three topics where there are convergences about the dialogical mandate amidst these contrasting orientations: the dynamic character of faith and tradition, the synodal imperative, and the need to debate the synodal agenda for the church in response to the global signs of the times.

scholarly journals Prosperity of the Family - the Future of the World and the Church

Family Forum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 37-55
Author(s):  
Jindřich Šrajer
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The Family ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Church

From a historical point of view, it can be argued that the cultivated arrangement of the relationship between man and woman, the support of the institution of marriage, and therefore families, have always been one of the important requirements of individual cultures and religions. There is also a close connection between the state of society (and the dominant requirements in it) and the form of personal and family life. In the Western cultural space with the decisive ecclesiastical discourse, the view of marriage and the family was not spared from one-sidedness and problematic practice. The current magisterium of the Catholic Church remains critical of some contemporary trends and phenomena, including the questioning of the very institution of marriage and the family. At the same time, it remains open to new challenges in this field.The article aims to critically reflect on some issues related to the current situation of marriage and the family, especially the individual and social ethical context of married and family life in contemporary Western culture.Using a reflection of the findings of selected authors, especially of sociologists (Lipovetsky, Beck), the article demonstrates the reality of problematic „points“ of the present time (marked by magisterial texts by Pope Francis) and their connection to married and family life. It thus verifies the thesis that the preconditions for marriage and the family are currently weakened in the Western area. This state of affairs include even the institutions that want to invoke the necessary personal and social responses to the problematic situation. Although the study does not capture the full range of issues and problems currently associated with marriage and the family, it does demonstrate that marital and family relationships in contemporary Western culture are conditioned by a number of factors. Those cannot be fully influenced by the individuals directly affected. The study points to the crucial role of politics, including its responsibility and to the exclusive role of the Church. The Church can, in many respects, increase respect for the institutions and bring a concrete help to the people.The result of the study is an emphasis on the fact that, in the current situation, it is not easy for individuals or families to maintain their own integrative values. It is not easy to withstand the pressures from the outside, to not succumb to the vision of success offered by the majority society. It is also problematic that the focus of politics is not predominantly on the family but, above all, on the immediate interests of the individual. Politics is irresponsibly undercutting itself in order to get into favor of individuals.The conclusion of the study confirms the validity of the magisterial belief that the prosperity of the family is crucial for the future of the world and the Church. Marriage and the family are natural communities that correspond to a person‘s anthropological setting. They allow him or her to find his or her own identity. They are a guarantee of the humanization of the person and society, a protection against deformations of the individualistic or collectivist type.

scholarly journals The Contribution of the Greek Patristic Idea to the Teaching of “Lumen Gentium” on the Nature of the Church

2020 ◽  
pp. 583-599
Author(s):  
Przemysław Jeliński
Keyword(s):  
Final Part ◽  
People Of God ◽  
Lumen Gentium ◽  
John Chrysostom ◽  
The Church

e nature of the Church was expressed in Dogmatic Constitution on the Church“Lumen gentium” by numerous pictures and new expressions. ey refer to theBible and patristics. It is necessary to place special attention on two expressions.ese are: the mystery of the Church and the new people of God. e SecondVatican Council used these expressions to name two of titles of chapters of Lumengentium.In this article, the speeches of the Greek Fathers of the Church are detailedanalysed. e Council document refers to them in glosses only. ` numbers –4 in each chapter – contain references to Greek patristics. Totally, in +7 glossesto chapter I and II the Constitution refers to +5 Greek Fathers of the Church andto the anonymous patristic text of Didache. In the final part of this work thedevelopment of the patristic period was summarized in a chronological aspect.It began with Didache, then Irenaeus and John Chrysostom, and finally Johnof Damascus. In comparison to the whole Constitution with reference to thenature of the Church (as the mystery and new people of God) there is very littlepatristic inspiration.In this article, speeches of the Fathers of the Church were not only analysed,but also compared to council texts. anks to this, we see it as a shortanthology of patristic ideas.

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