Why Did It Happen?

2019 ◽  
pp. 162-191
Author(s):  
Wojciech Sadurski
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Institutional System ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
The One

This chapter discusses the causes of Poland’s constitutional breakdown in and after 2015. On the one hand, they have an ‘agentic’ character: the role of the paranoia and anger of political leaders cannot be disregarded. In addition to such supply-side explanations, there are also important demand-side hypotheses, linked in particular to anti-elite and xenophobic attitudes, concerns and fears. As the chapter shows, in the case of Poland, the most important role is played by identity-related concerns, rather than socio-economic vulnerabilities. In turn, persistent support for the populist Law and Justice (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS)) party can be explained by its successful even if irrational welfare policies, by its effective if primitive propaganda, and by the weaknesses of the opposition. This leads to a reflection on the fragility of the institutions. As this chapter argues, partly because of its newness, partly because of faulty institutional design, and partly because of the thinness of democratic political culture among the elite and in society at large, the institutional system of Poland was ineffective in blocking anti-constitutional parties’ access to power.

From Post-Communism to Post-Democracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-207
Author(s):  
Anna Krasteva ◽  
Antony Todorov
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Political Project ◽  
Post Communism ◽  
The One

The analysis starts from a key question: how many transformations did post-communism, which came as a promise and project for one transformation, actually carry out? This article is a conceptual, not an event narrative about the transformations of democratization. Its theoretical ambition is threefold. The first aim is to develop a new analytical model for the study of transformations based on the concept of ‘symbolic-ideological hegemony’ and a matrix of two pairs of indicators. The first pair reflects the intentionality of the change and examines the (non-)existence of an explicitly formulated political project as well as its (self-)designation by elites and citizens. The second pair of indicators concerns agency and covers the supply side and the demand side, the perspective and role of elites, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the perspective and role of citizens. The other ambitions of the study are to identify the key transformations in Bulgaria’s three-decade-long post-communist development – a democratic, a (national) populist, and a post-democratic one, and to analyze them in a comparative perspective.

“Soviet mentality?” The role of shared political culture in relations between the Armenian state and Russia's Armenian diaspora

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Cavoukian
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Armenian Diaspora ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Management Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

Russia's Armenians have begun to form diaspora institutions and engage in philanthropy and community organization, much as the pre-Soviet “established” diaspora in the West has done for years. However, the Russian Armenian diaspora is seen by Armenian elites as being far less threatening due to a shared “mentality.” While rejecting the mentality argument, I suggest that the relationship hinges on their shared political culture and the use of symbols inherited from the Soviet Union in the crafting of new diaspora and diaspora-management institutions. Specifically, “Friendship of the Peoples” symbolism appears to be especially salient on both sides. However, the difference between old and new diasporas may be more apparent than real. The Russian Armenian diaspora now engages in many of the same activities as the Western diaspora, including the one most troublesome to Armenia's elites: involvement in politics.

A Past to Present Journey

2015 ◽  
pp. 180-206
Author(s):  
Moyassar Al-Taie ◽  
Michael Lane ◽  
Aileen Cater-Steel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Chief Information Officer ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
It Infrastructure ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Large Scale Survey ◽  
Infrastructure Services ◽  
Skilled Staff

This chapter explores the role of the Chief Information Officer (CIO). A detailed review of the existing literature traces the evolution of this role and highlights its characteristics and configurations. CIO role effectiveness can be described in terms of three demand-side roles: strategist, relationship architect, integrator, and three supply-side roles: educator, information steward, and utility provider. To explore the configuration of roles of CIOs in Australia, a large-scale survey of CIOs was conducted. The Australian results, based on 174 responses, are compared with those from similar studies in USA. The top priority for the Australian CIO was information steward, ensuring organizational data quality and security and recruiting and retaining IT skilled staff. In comparison, the first priority for the USA CIOs was utility provider - building and sustaining solid, dependable, and responsive IT infrastructure services. This study's findings have implications for CIO career development and recruitment.

scholarly journals Industrial Policy in Britain since 1970: Changing Values, Assumptions and Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-57
Author(s):  
Martin Chick
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Market Inefficiency ◽  
Quality Of Supply ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract This article examines the change in the fundamental assumptions underpinning industrial policy from the mid-1970s in Britain. It necessarily contrasts the broadly supply-side concerns of industrial policy from the mid-1970s with the more demand-side concerns of the earlier ‘Golden Age’ period from 1945. Where in the earlier period the emphasis in industrial policy was on capital investment and the role of government in compensating for perceived market inefficiency, from the late 1970s this emphasis shifted to the need to improve the flexibility and quality of supply-side factors allied to a more optimistic view of the ability of the market to secure efficient outcomes.

Nabídková strana lokalizace z pohledu českých měst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Sucháček ◽  
Eva Poledníková ◽  
Jaroslav Urminský
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Location Factors ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
The One ◽  
Soft Factors ◽  
Spatially Differentiated

Location analyses usually assess urban and regional milieu from the perspective of investors. This demand side is rather important for location processes. Nonetheless, supply side embodying spatially differentiated location factors of particular territories is significant too. The objective of the article is to show factors that towns of the Czech Republic offer to potential investors on the one hand and factors that these towns deem as relevant for investors. The article leans upon the research that was accomplished in 2019. The whole text is supported by an extensive questionnaire survey. It is worth noticing location factors towns deem important for investors differ from these that are offered by towns to investors. Among the factors provided by individual towns to potential investors, so-called soft factors of location played a relevant role. This is compliant with contemporary modernisation tendencies shaping the qualities of space.

A New Look at Gentrification: 1. Gentrification and Domestic Technologies

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 1275-1296 ◽  
Author(s):  
P A Redfern
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Concentric Zone ◽  
New Look

In this paper I take issue with what I identify as a basic consensus in gentrification studies. I argue that gentrification studies have been conducted within a context framed by two basic models of urban development, namely the Burgess concentric-zone model and the Alonso bid-rent model. These two models lie at the heart of what are more usually seen as the parameters of the gentrification debate, namely the ‘supply-side’ rent-gap account of gentrification offered by Neil Smith and his followers and the ‘demand-side’ consumption-oriented explanations offered by David Ley and his followers. Both sets of explanations are, however, fatally compromised by seeking to answer the question ‘why does gentrification occur?’ before answering the question ‘how does gentrification occur?’. Starting with the question ‘how?’, rather than ‘why?’, draws attention to the hitherto almost completely neglected role of domestic technologies in permitting gentrification to occur, thereby helping break the theoretical logjam in which the gentrification debate currently finds itself.

INDETERMINACY IN A ONE-SECTOR MODEL REVISITED: DEMAND VERSUS SUPPLY-SIDE INDETERMINACY

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (02) ◽  
pp. 183-196
Author(s):  
NICHOLAS C. S. SIM
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Production Function ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Sector Model ◽  
The One ◽  
Versus Supply

This paper explains how indeterminacy in a one-sector model may arise due to externalities in the disutility of labor supply, which is termed as demand-side indeterminacy. This contrasts supply-side indeterminacy that is driven by externalities in the production function as exemplified by Benhabib and Farmer (Journal of Economic Theory, 1994). For the one-sector models considered, I find that indeterminacy arises more easily from the demand than from the supply side. In addition, demand and supply-side indeterminacy generate different cyclical patterns of wages, a feature that is useful for identifying episodes of self-fulfilling prophecies within the two types of indeterminacy.

scholarly journals El rol de las comunidades campesinas de El Pato (Caquetá) en la implementación del punto dos del Acuerdo Final de Paz de La Habana, en momentos de incertidumbre nacional

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-339
Author(s):  
Juano Zuluaga García
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Social Organization ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
National Government ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Peasant Communities ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

Resumen: La implementación del Acuerdo Final de Paz ha tenido sus avances y retrocesos. Por un lado, el panorama nacional es alarmante: se evidencian altos picos de violencia política; re- configuración de actores armados; asesinato sistemático de líderes sociales,   reincorporados, etc.; la implementación real de lo acordado es mínima; y hace falta mayor voluntad y efectividad del Estado colombiano y del Gobierno nacional. En contraste, no se pueden desconocer las dinámicas de apropiación y organización social ni el rol transformador de las comunidades desde los territo- rios. El presente trabajo tiene como propósito poner en diálogo una reflexión crítica de la situación nacional del punto dos del Acuerdo con los procesos impulsados por las comunidades de El Pato (Caquetá), y la forma en que estas vienen tejiendo una cultura política participativa y pluralista, aportando así a la implementación del punto dos en, con, desde y para el territorio. The Role of the Peasant Communities of El Pato (Caquetá) in the Implementation of Point Two of the Final Peace Agreement of Havana, in Times of National Uncertainty Abstract: The implementation of the Final Peace Agreement has had progress and setbacks. On the one hand, the national panorama is alarming: high peaks of political violence are evident. Re- configuration of armed actors; systematic murder of social leaders, reincorporated, etc. The actual implementation of the agreement is minimal; and greater will and effectiveness of the Colombian State and the national government are needed. In contrast, the dynamics of appropriation and social organization and the transforming role of the communities from the territories cannot be ignored. The purpose of this paper is to put into dialogue a critical reflection of the national situ- ation of point two of the Agreement with the processes promoted by the communities of El Pato (Caquetá). Also, the way in which they have been weaving a participatory political culture and pluralist. Thus, contributing to the implementation of point two in, with, from and for the territory. Keywords: Final Peace Agreement, democracy, democratization, pluralism, peasant communities, unity, organization, mobilization,  transformation,  social  leaders,  political  culture,  radicalization of democracy.

scholarly journals Pandemic turned into pandemonium: the effect on supply chains and the role of accounting information

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajantha Velayutham ◽  
Asheq Razaur Rahman ◽  
Anil Narayan ◽  
Michael Wang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Respiratory Devices

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the disruptive effects of COVID-19 on supply chains and question the role of accounting information in managing these supply chains in the face of such disruptive effects.Design/methodology/approachThe study first explains the effects of COVID-19 on the supply chains of business entities. It then explains the role of accounting information in supply chain management, questions accounting information's ability to play such a role, and makes recommendations for better accounting disclosures and accounting research for supply chains of firms. To illustrate the salient points, a case study of Fisher and Paykel Healthcare is conducted. It identifies the risks and uncertainties of supply chains exposed by COVID-19 disruptions to businesses.FindingsCOVID-19 has affected Fisher and Paykel Healthcare from both the supply-side (upstream) and demand-side (downstream) perspectives. On the supply side, it has disrupted the supply of raw materials used in the manufacture of respiratory devices and the costs of importing such materials. On the demand side, it has disrupted market logistics and customer demand. This has subsequently affected production. Such disruptions can be overcome through the dissemination of appropriate accounting information for the different stages of the supply chain to the managers. Such accounting information can also be useful to external stakeholders for minimizing their risks.Originality/valueThe study attempts to create an awareness of the supply chain uncertainties faced by managers and stakeholders arising from exogenous shocks, such as a pandemic, and how these uncertainties can be mitigated by aligning accounting information flows with the supply chain activity flows. The observations made in this paper are at a conceptual level and, therefore, can be applied to any industry.

The Political Cultures of the contado

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gamberini
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Social Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Cultures ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Culture Of Violence

This chapter analyses power relations in the countryside, focusing on the relationships between the lords of the castle and the dependent peasants. The aim is twofold: on the one hand, to highlight the absence of a shared political culture and, on the other, to describe the individual ideas of each social group (the culture of violence promulgated by the lords, the attempt to establish pacts on the part of the peasants, the role of conflict in implementing political ties, etc.). In the face of such divergence, the chapter investigates the ways in which opposing political cultures could coexist and interact.

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