Practical Microsimulation Modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathal O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Codified Knowledge ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Policy Context ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Microsimulation Models ◽  
Modelling Approach

The purpose of this book is to bring together for the first time a description, with examples, of the main methods used in microsimulation modelling, used in the field of income-distribution analysis. The book provides a practical complement to the Handbook of Microsimulation Modelling, published in 2014. It is structured to develop and use the different types of models used in the field, with a focus on household-targeted policy. The book aims to fill a gap in the literature in providing a greater degree of codified knowledge through a practical guide to developing and using microsimulation models. At present, the training of researchers and analysts that use and develop microsimulation modelling is done on a relatively ad-hoc basis through occasional training programmes and lecture series, built around lecture notes. This book would enable a more formalized and organized approach. Each chapter addresses a separate modelling approach in a similar, consistent way, describing in practical terms the key methodological skills for each approach: · It provides some policy context to each modelling approach so as to understand the modelling choices made and structures developed. · As a very data-intensive modelling approach, each chapter describes key data analysis and data-preparation methods. · As a modelling approach that is used extensively for deciding policy, often involving huge budgets, validation is key. Each chapter describes an approach to validating the model. · Depending upon the policy context, the analysis is assessed in different ways. Each chapter contains a section devoted to measurement issues and tabulating output from the models. · Last, each chapter contains an example simulation of a policy analysis using the chapter’s methodological approach.

scholarly journals Internationalisation at home for tourism training programmes: case studies from Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Cam Thi Hong Khuong ◽  
Ly Thi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Global Competency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Internationalisation At Home ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Training Programmes

Purpose Tourism is one of the most notable features of the contemporary globalised world. The tourism industry is becoming increasingly vital to the economy of many developing and developed countries around the globe. The demand of the tourism industry has posed a challenge for tourism training providers to move towards a more responsive and internationalised curriculum to enhance work readiness for tourism graduates who are expected to work with an increased number of international tourists. The purpose of this paper is analyse whether and how internationalisation has been implemented in the tourism training programmes across six institutions in Vietnam. Design/methodology/approach The research deployed case studies as research strategy with interviews and document analysis as two instruments of data collection. Findings The major findings show that even though the tourism industry demands graduates to possess global competency, knowledge and skills, the curriculum does not prioritise the internationalisation dimensions and the faculty members are not facilitated to be internationally active in their roles. Overall, internationalisation is still fragmented and ad hoc in these institutions even though the private institutions in this research appear to be more responsive to the trend of internationalisation in education than their public counterparts. Research limitations/implications The paper provides recommendations on how to effectively embed internationalisation components into local tourism training programs in Vietnam. Originality/value The research bridges the gap in the literature on internationalisation of the local tourism programme in non-English-speaking countries.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-24
Author(s):  
Cathal O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Labour Supply ◽  
Distribution Analysis ◽  
Unit Of Analysis ◽  
Environmental Models ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Static Models ◽  
Spatial Microsimulation ◽  
Microsimulation Models

This chapter serves as an introduction to the book Practical Microsimulation Modelling. It provides as context a description of microsimulation modelling, a simulation-based tool with a micro-unit of analysis that can be used for ex-ante analysis. The methodology is motivated as a mechanism of abstracting from reality to help us understand complexity better. It describes the main analytical objectives of users of microsimulation models in the field of income distribution analysis. The chapter then describes in turn the main methods of microsimulation considered in the book: hypothetical models, static models, behavioural models (labour supply and consumption), environmental models, decomposing inequality, dynamic microsimulation models, and spatial microsimulation models. The chapter concludes by providing an outline of the book.

Production of French close rounded vowels by Spanish learners

2018 ◽  
pp. 381-394
Author(s):  
Isabelle Racine ◽  
Sylvain Detey
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
Acoustic Analyses ◽  
Survey Protocol

This chapter introduces the corpus-based L;2 French phonology research program Interphonologie du Français Contemporain (IPFC, Interphonology of Contemporary French) and provides an illustration of its methodological approach with a population of Spanish university students learning French as an L;2. For these learners the phonemic contrast between the two close rounded French vowels /y/ and /u/ is known to be difficult to acquire, but most studies in the past relied only on acoustic analyses of laboratory speech data elicited from rather few subjects. Within the IPFC framework, on the basis of a single multitask survey protocol for all populations of learners of L;2 French to ensure data comparability, data processing is carried out with an ad hoc auditory coding procedure which integrates contextual information and target-likeness assessment. In this chapter the results of three different approaches to process the /y-u/ Spanish production data are compared.

scholarly journals Digital Literacy and Higher Education during COVID-19 Lockdown: Spain, Italy, and Ecuador

Publications ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Tejedor ◽  
Laura Cervi ◽  
Ana Pérez-Escoda ◽  
Fernanda Tusa Jumbo
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Teaching Methodologies ◽  
Personal Lives ◽  
Digital Skills ◽  
Current Context

Digital literacy constitutes the basis for citizenship in order to be effective and efficient in the 21st Century in professional and personal lives. The set of skills and competences integrating digital literacy are expected to be guaranteed in higher education. During the lockdown globally imposed for the COVID-19 pandemic, educational systems worldwide had to face many disruptive changes. The aim of this research is to present a comparative study of three countries’ higher education institutions (Spain, Italy, and Ecuador), analyzing how they have faced the global lockdown situation, focusing on the development of digital literacy. The methodological approach followed in this study was quantitative with an exploratory-correlational scope using a questionnaire designed ad hoc and applied in a sample of 376 students. Results point the necessity of enhancing the main aspects such as the teacher’s digital skills, sources for learning that may be adapted, communication between universities and students, and teaching methodologies that should be appropriate to the current context. Conclusions may suggest rethinking higher education learning and reinforcing main issues for this transformation, mainly: communication, teaching, and digital competences. Otherwise, digital literacy is not being guaranteed, which means higher education is not accomplishing one of its main objectives.

Doctor–patient consultations in dyadic and triadic exchanges

Interpreting ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Valero-Garcés
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Institutional Discourse ◽  
Patient Interaction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Turn Taking ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

This article presents the results of a study on doctor–patient interaction in dyadic and triadic exchanges. The analysis is based on transcripts of recordings done at healthcare centres in northern Madrid, Spain, and Minneapolis, USA. The methodological approach is that of institutional discourse analysis as developed by Drew and Heritage (Drew & Heritage 1992; Heritage 1995, 1997; Drew & Sorjonen 1997). Three different types of doctor–patient interaction are examined: (1) doctor/foreign-language patient; (2) doctor/ foreign-language patient/ad hoc interpreter; (3) doctor/ foreign-language patient/trained interpreter. Topics such as the assignment of participant roles, changes in the general structure, turn-taking, and asymmetrical relationships will be explored. The study is mainly descriptive and qualitative, but also includes some comparative quantitative analyses.

scholarly journals The Rôle of Theory in Translator Training: Some Observations about Syllabus Design

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Shuttleworth
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Formal Theory ◽  
Translation Theory ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Specific Approach ◽  
Translator Training ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
Generic Theory ◽  
Theoretical Component

Abstract “With doubts about the usefulness of translation theory never far from many people's minds, this paper seeks to consider exactly what it is that we are trying to achieve by including a theoretical component in translator training programmes. Within this context the paper specifically examines the possibilities of generic theory courses — in which students who are working with different language pairs and who probably have only a single language in common are all taught together — as opposed to a more language-specific approach. In order to attain the relevance that they purportedly so often lack, such courses need to set a fairly broad agenda for themselves, seeking if possible to address the type of questions likely to be uppermost in students' minds, expose students to a range of differing opinions on controversial issues, provide an alternative to standard dichotomies, encourage participants to arrive at their own strategies for solving translation problems, prepare students for work within the translation industry and demonstrate that translation is not an activity which is completely ad hoc and subjective. The paper furthermore suggests that every effort should be made to harmonise the formal theory component with everything else that goes on in the programme, so that theory is seen to be relevant to practice. Within this broader perspective one of the main purposes of this training component should therefore be to enable students to develop their own personal, internalised theory which will inform their developing performance as professional translators.”

Domain-specific market segmentation using a latent class mixture modelling approach and wine-related lifestyle (WRL) algorithm

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (9/10) ◽  
pp. 1552-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Bruwer ◽  
Elton Li
Keyword(s):  
Market Segmentation ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Classification Error ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Mixture Modelling ◽  
Segmentation Approach ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Modelling Approach

Purpose Since the publication of Van Raaij and Verhallen’s seminal work in European Journal of Marketing in 1994, identifying the domain-specific market segmentation approach as one of the most feasible for segmenting markets, there has been surprisingly limited development in this field, with the food domain as the only exception. This study aims to develop a methodological approach using latent class mixture modelling as contribution in the domain-specific market segmentation field. Design/methodology/approach This study captures the AIO lifestyle perspective using a domain-specific 80-item algorithm which has the wine (product) domain as its focus. A sample size of 811 consumers is used from data collected by means of the CATI approach. Findings The authors use four criteria for model selection: comparison of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) statistic, comparison of classification error, verification of the interpretation of the derived segments and, finally, use of the conditional bootstrap procedure to test whether the selected model provides a significant improvement over the previous model. The five-segment model option yields a minimum BIC, the classification error measure is minimal and is easier to interpret than the other models. Segment descriptions for the five identified lifestyle-based segments are developed. Research limitations/implications Segmentation by traditional k-means clustering has proven to be less useful than the more innovative alternative of mixture regression modelling; therefore, the authors identify segments in the market on the basis of individuals’ domain-specific lifestyle characteristics using a latent class mixture modelling approach. Practical implications Following the attainment of a clear and robust market segmentation structure, the simultaneous analysis of the lifestyles, demographics and behaviours of consumers as nexus of the domain-specific segmentation approach, provides rich and valid information accurately informing the market segment descriptions. Originality/value The authors make a substantive contribution by developing a methodological approach using latent class mixture modelling; the first of its kind in the area of domain-specific segmentation. Next, they use the discriminant and/or predictive validity of the 80-scale items to predict cluster membership using the WRL algorithm. Finally, the authors describe the identified market segments in detail and outline the practical implications.

scholarly journals What do pre-service teachers know about computational thinking?

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Marta Peracaula-Bosch ◽  
Meritxell Estebanell-Minguell ◽  
Digna Couso ◽  
Juan González-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The World ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
The University ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

In recent years, interest in Computational Thinking (CT), which is seen as a transversal competence that is necessary in the Knowledge Society, has spread to educational systems around the world. In this context, it has become necessary for training programmes for pre-service teachers to address this topic. In this article, we explore the knowledge, attitudes and expectations regarding CT held by pre-service teachers, prior to receiving training on this field. We use a descriptive analysis of both qualitative and quantitative data obtained via an ad hoc questionnaire, whereby 193 pre-service teachers at the University of Girona were asked about different aspects related to CT. The study shows that the majority of pre-service teachers cannot correctly identify most indicators associated to CT, and that most of them are unaware of the implications of the promotion of CT in terms of developed skills or areas of application. However, their expectations regarding their learning process with regard to this topic are positive. Therefore, it is necessary to more thoroughly define theoretical foundations of the concept in order to take steps to effectively include it in teacher training programmes. 

scholarly journals Practice with Homeless Persons: the Prospect of the “Invisible” Personality Return

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 146-169
Author(s):  
J.S. Vitko ◽  
A.A. Lebedeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Assistance Programs ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Individual

Objective. The article analyzes the practices of homeless assistance programs and the possibility of developing a methodological approach, where the restoration of the lost subjectivity of the individual will become one of the methodological foundations of the psychology of homelessness. Background. The problem of homelessness is urgent both for Russia and foreign countries. Improving the effectiveness of the re-socialization practices for people living on the street implies a deeper understanding of the psychology of the homeless by social services. Methodology. This article considers the methodological principles of the historical-evolutionary approach (A.G. Asmolov), the approach to the analysis of cultural and personal development from the viewpoint of the chronotope (N.N. Tolstykh), the principle of supra-situational activity (V.A. Petro¬vsky), the idea of personality development pathways in challenging conditions (D.A. Leontiev), etc. Conclusions. It is concluded that assistance to the homeless is of an ad hoc nature and mostly includes the provision of material and emergency support. The authors propose a comprehensive model based on the idea of the homeless personality returning and upholding the following principles: 1) retention of activity on the side of the person, 2) effort on the part of the person, 3) maintenance of oversituational activity, 4) reliance on the personality, its potential, 5) support and organization of social relations, 6) polysystem.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL BONDS DEVELOPMENT IN THE BACKFILL MASS WHEN CHANGING THE DISPERSION OF THE BINDING MATERIAL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Petlovanyi ◽  
◽  
Serhii Zubko ◽  
Kateryna Sai ◽  
Oleksii Khalymendyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Covalent Bonds ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Material Chemistry ◽  
Binding Material ◽  
The Stability

Purpose. Theoretical and experimental research on the structural and strength peculiarities of the backfill mass formation during the ore deposits development by activating the binding material of the backfill mixture using fine grinding at the stage of its preparation. Methods. An integrated methodological approach is used, consisting of laboratory studies on determining the properties of backfill mixtures and the structural internal bonds of the backfill mass using scanning electron microscopy. Some laws of the binding material chemistry are used and systematized in the course of theoretical research. Findings. Based on theoretical and experimental research, the interaction and the hydration products of the backfill mixture binding components with water have been studied. The use of a finely ground combined binding material made of slags and limestone improves and strengthens the structural bonds of the backfill mass through a large gap in the covalent bonds of silica and slags, the transition of ions of a weak ionic bond to the formation of other compounds and equalizing the ratio of Si and Са ions in solution. Originality. It has been determined that with an increase in the specific surface area of the binding material particles, the shape of structural new formations of the backfill mass improves, has high strength, and the basicity of its new formations increases. Practical implications. Using the results, it is possible to rationally choose the binding material dispersion, obtain high strength of the backfill mass and increase the stability of its outcropping.

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