Transition Programs

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-81
Author(s):  
Paul Collier
Keyword(s):  
Stable Equilibrium ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Transition Programs ◽  
Potential Change ◽  
International Financial Institution ◽  
Pivotal Moments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Internal Pressures

Many of the countries that are now among the poorest are stuck in a syndrome of fragility. Social, political, and economic characteristics interact in a dysfunctional, but locally stable, equilibrium. The transition from this trap requires highly distinctive International Financial Institution (IFI) policies. For much of the time, since the society is trapped by its own internal pressures, no IFI action can ignite transformation. But fragility periodically triggers potential change and during these “pivotal moments” IFI help can be decisive. However, because the situation is highly constrained, normal programs are liable to be ineffective. The path out of fragility must be set by the government and kept sufficiently simple that success gradually cumulates from seemingly modest early steps. The sinews of state effectiveness can be built, but the process of building them is analogous to erecting scaffolding: it cannot be understood by studying states that have long been in a well-functioning equilibrium.

Pelaksanaan Jaminan Kesehatan Oleh BPJS Kesehatan Dalam Perspektif Syariah

Liquidity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Iwan Subandi ◽  
Fathurrahman Djamil
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Social Supports ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ministry Of Finance ◽  
Health Support ◽  
The Government

Health is the basic right for everybody, therefore every citizen is entitled to get the health care. In enforcing the regulation for Jaringan Kesehatan Nasional (National Health Supports), it is heavily influenced by the foreign interests. Economically, this program does not reduce the people’s burdens, on the contrary, it will increase them. This means the health supports in which should place the government as the guarantor of the public health, but the people themselves that should pay for the health care. In the realization of the health support the are elements against the Syariah principles. Indonesian Muslim Religious Leaders (MUI) only say that the BPJS Kesehatan (Sosial Support Institution for Health) does not conform with the syariah. The society is asked to register and continue the participation in the program of Social Supports Institution for Health. The best solution is to enforce the mechanism which is in accordance with the syariah principles. The establishment of BPJS based on syariah has to be carried out in cooperation from the elements of Social Supports Institution (BPJS), Indonesian Muslim Religious (MUI), Financial Institution Authorities, National Social Supports Council, Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Finance. Accordingly, the Social Supports Institution for Helath (BPJS Kesehatan) based on syariah principles could be obtained and could became the solution of the polemics in the society.

scholarly journals Peran Lembaga Keuangan Syariah dalam Pemberdayaan UMKM di Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Singgih Muheramtohadi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institution ◽  
Real Sector ◽  
Business Sector ◽  
Grameen Bank ◽  
Financial Service Authority ◽  
For Profit ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Medium Enterprises ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Syariah Financial Institution means that the financial institution is run based on the Islamic teaching that refers to Qur’an and the Sunnah. Practically, it beganin early history of Islam, then was developed into Syariah Financial Institution. So, the purpose of Syariah Financial Institution is not merely for profit orientation. Further, it should be in accordance with Islamic value and the human philanthropy. Most of Syariah Financial Institution’s financing is for business sector and its ability to reach the micro business, that can’t be done by commercial banks. The financing for small business is funded by Islamic institutions due to Grameen Bank effect. Previously, Grameen Bank was built in mid-decade of 1970. The Financing of Syariah Financial Institution, in any sort, including cooperative union or BMT (Baitul Maal wa Tamwil), increased over time in both Institution Revenue and the Financing Rate. According to Financial Service Authority, most of financing of Syariah Banking is for the Micro, Small, Medium Enterprises that is very important for the nation economy, because it is engaged in the real sector of economy. And the other characters of the Micro, Small, medium enterprises in Indonesia are holding the honesty ethics and resistante to the crisis. They are the strengths of UMKM which must be considered to make the decision by the government or the Financial Institutions.Lembaga Keuangan Syariah (LKS) berarti badan yang bergerak di bidang keuangan yang dilandaskan pada ajaran Islam yang bersumber pada al Qur’an dan As Sunnah. Praktek ini sudah terdapat pada sejarah awal Islam, dan asas moralitas Islam dikembangkan dalam bentuk LKS. Sehingga, tujuan dari LKS tidak semata Profit Oriented, melainkan terdapat unsur-unsur keislaman dan kemanusiaan di dalamnya. Lembaga Keuangan syariah sebagian besar pembiayaannya diperuntukkan kepada sektor usaha, dan punya kemampuan untuk menjangkau usaha mikro, Sesuatu yang jarang dilakukan oleh pihak perbankan konvensional. Pembiayaan kepada UMKM ini tidak lepas juga dari pengaruh Grameen Bank sebelumnya, yang telah berdiri sejak medio 1970-an. Pembiayaan Lembaga Keuangan Syarah, baik dalam wujud Bank, Koperasi Simpan Pinjam maupun BMT mengalami peningkatan dari waktu ke waktu. Baik itu dari segi omzet LKS maupun tingkat pembiayaan nya. Berdasarkan data dari Jasa Otoritas Keuangan sebagian besar dari pembiayaan tersebut disalurkan kepada UMKM. Pembiayaan UMKM sangat penting dalam perekonomian nasional, karena bergerak di sektor riil. Karakteristik UMKM adalah sebagai usaha menengah ke bawah, pada umumnya dikelola dengan etika kejujuran masih dipegang kuat, serta relatif lebih kuat ketika dihadapkan pada krisis. Inilah yang jadi potensi UMKM yang harus diperhatikan dalam mengambil keputusan publik, baik itu oleh Pemerintah maupun Lembaga Keuangan (perbankan). 

scholarly journals 2547. Prioritizing Antimicrobial Resistance Learning Objectives Through a Modified, Two-Round, One-Day Delphi at a Multidisciplinary Conference

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S885-S885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jehan Budak ◽  
Eneyi E Kpokiri ◽  
Emily Abdoler ◽  
Joseph Tucker ◽  
Brian Schwartz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Delphi Process ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Health Administrator ◽  
International Financial Institution

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global public health problem, but the learning needs of the medical profession on this topic are not well understood. The World Health Organization has called for better educational resources on AMR. Thus, we aimed to identify AMR learning objectives for physicians and medical trainees. Methods We designed a modified, two-round Delphi process to build consensus around these objectives, recruiting attendees at a one-day, multidisciplinary, international AMR symposium. Through review of the literature and discussion with experts in AMR, we generated an initial list of 17 objectives. We asked participants to rate the importance of including each objective in an AMR curriculum for physicians on a 5-point Likert scale, which ranged from “do not include” (1) to “very important to include” (5). Consensus for inclusion was predefined as ≥ 80% of participants rating the objective ≥ 4. Results The first round was completed by 30 participants, and the second by 21. Nobody declined to participate, but several people had to leave between rounds. Participants included physicians, researchers, graduate students, and a pharmacist, foundation manager, patient advocate, leader of an international financial institution, health administrator, and biomedical scientist. After the first round, 16 objectives met the consensus criteria, and participants suggested five additional topics. After the second round, 12 objectives met the consensus criteria (see Table 1). Objectives related to treatment of AMR most frequently met consensus criteria. Specific objectives with the highest consensus ratings were related to identifying infections not requiring antibiotics and recognizing the importance of using the narrowest spectrum antibiotic for the shortest period of time. Conclusion We successfully employed a modified, one-day Delphi process at an international, multidisciplinary AMR symposium to build consensus among experts and stakeholders regarding key learning objectives for AMR. This technique may be useful for guideline committees and other taskforces in the Infectious Diseases community. Our generated list may be useful for those developing AMR training materials for medical students and physicians. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF GOVERNMENT POLICY AND THE INVOLVEMENT OF STAKEHOLDERS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF MSME

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Harini
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
National Development ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Business Association ◽  
The Government

The important role of MSME in the national development, particularly in economic growth, employment provision, and GDP is the main reason why MSME should be one of the prioritized attention given by the government and public.  This study was aimed at assessing the effect of government (central and local) policy and the involvement of stakeholders (educational institution, financial institution, cooperative, business association, and NGO) on the performance of MSME.  A quantitative method and analysis of regression and correlation analysis were used.  Results showed that the government has given a special attention to MSME through Law No. 20 Year 2008 and regulations of central and local government through the service office of cooperative and MSME.  Involvement of stakeholders in training, coaching, mentoring, funding, and partnership had an important role in the improvement of MSME performance.  It was expected that the government be able to make or amend laws and regulations which were in favor to MSME and able to create conducive business environment.  Sustainable involvement of stakeholders in the empowerment of MSME was needed by MSME.  

scholarly journals ANALISIS EFEKTIFITAS PROGRAM BANTUAN KEUANGAN KHUSUS (BKK) GERBANGSADU MANDARA DI KABUPATEN KARANGASEM TAHUN 2017 (STUDI KASUS PADA 18 DESA KAWASAN RAWAN BENCANA ERUPSI GUNUNG AGUNG)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komang Agus Rudi Indra Laksmana ◽  
I Ketut Merta
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Coverage Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Government

Karangasem Regency is one of the regencies in Bali which has the highest poverty rate in Bali, The Gerbangsadu Mandara program in 2016 has been distributed in 54 villages with an average budget of 1 billion rupiah per village. However, in mid 2017 the eruption of Mount Agung erupted causing economic paralysis in 22 affected villages in Karangasem Regency. Among them 18 villages are disaster prone areas (KRB) are recipients of the Gerbangsadu Mandara program.  Indicators in measuring effectiveness used are performance measurement instruments for 2016-2018 in the form of CCR, ROI, LAR financial ratios aimed at measuring health and its relation to the readiness of citizens to receive further intervention from the government for the following year. The problems to be solved in this study are: How is the effectiveness of Gerbangsadu Mandara Special Financial Assistance (BKK) in 18 villages of Mount Agung Eruption in Karangasem Regency as seen from Cost Coverage Ratio (CCr), Return on Investment (ROI), and Loan at Risk (LAR). The results showed that during the period 2016-2018, the average performance of 18 Bumdes in Karangasem Regency for a Cost Coverage Ratio (CCr) ratio of 183% (very satisfying), Return on Investment (ROI) of 7% (quite satisfactory), and Loan at Risk (LAR) of 19% (minimum). Paired T-test shows that Sign.2-tailed value is greater than 0.05, it means that financial performance before and after the eruption of Mount Agung did not occur a significant significant difference. The conclusion is that the Bumdes financial performance in Karangasem Regency is not affected by the risk of the eruption of Mount Agung. The limitation of the research lies in the object of research at one financial institution that is Bumdes, further research this concept can be tested at other financial institutions such as Village Credit Institutions, Banks and Cooperatives.

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