Future positive

2021 ◽  
pp. 179-196
Author(s):  
Christopher Dye
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Prevention Research ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Health Choices ◽  
Build Systems ◽  
Improve Health

The argument in this book rests on a simple proposition: understanding the reason why people prefer to take a chance on sickness and cure is the key to persuading them when and why they should choose prevention instead. This final chapter summarizes the means of persuasion: investigate rather than presuppose which criteria are used to make health choices; build systems for accounting (inclusive costs and benefits of prevention) and for accountability (liability and responsibility); offer ways to improve health, not merely ways to avoid losing it; evaluate, in order to manage, the perceptions linked to health hazards; exploit the logic of choice to insure against the risk of unlikely disasters, to increase the present value of future threats, to foster cooperation as a basis for prevention, to map out the practical pathways to prevention, and to remedy the under-investment in prevention research. The tools of prevention are the means to a greater end—health as a ‘state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being’.

Common Enemies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Kahn Best
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Comprehensive Data ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Perception Of Health ◽  
Individual Disease ◽  
Improve Health

Americans come together to fight diseases. For over 100 years, they have asked their neighbors to contribute to disease campaigns and supported health policies that target one disease at a time. Common Enemies asks why disease campaigns are the battles Americans can agree to fight, why some diseases attract more attention than others, and how fighting one disease at a time changes how Americans distribute charitable dollars, prioritize policies, and promote health. Drawing on the first comprehensive data on thousands of organizations targeting hundreds of diseases over decades, the author shows that disease campaigns proliferate due to the perception of health as a universal goal, the appeal of narrowly targeted campaigns, and the strategic avoidance of controversy. They funnel vast sums of money and attention to a few favored diseases, and they prioritize awareness campaigns and medical research over preventing disease and ensuring access to healthcare. It’s easy to imagine more efficient ways to promote collective well-being. Yet the same forces that limit the potential of individual disease campaigns to improve health also stimulate the vast outpouring of money and attention. Rather than displacing attention to other problems, disease campaigns build up the capacity to address them.

The Uses of Affordable Social Investment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Hemerijck
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
First Century ◽  
Paradigm Change ◽  
Social Investment ◽  
Welfare Capitalism ◽  
Methodological Innovation ◽  
Policy Paradigm ◽  
Fiscal Austerity ◽  
Second Use

The final chapter concludes with five contemporary ‘uses’ of social investment, in full recognition of limits underscored by critics. The first ‘use’ of social investment therefore concerns its ‘paradigmatic’ bearings. To what extent does social investment represent a distinct policy paradigm for twenty-first-century welfare capitalism? A second ‘use’ relates to paradigm change, in the sense of theoretical progress inspiring interdisciplinary methodological innovation, in particular with respect to the empirical assessment of well-being ‘returns’ on social investment. The third more practical ‘use’ covers the identification of virtuous social investment policy mixes of ‘stocks’, ‘flows’, and ‘buffers’. The fourth ‘use’ is geographically confined to the European conundrum of overcoming the fiscal austerity to make way for social investment reform, as means to reignite socioeconomic convergence, at least for the Eurozone. The more general final use of social investment bears on the ‘politics of social investment’ in the aftermath of the financial crisis.

scholarly journals Incorporating Ecosystem Services in the Assessment of Water Framework Directive Programmes of Measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis Souliotis ◽  
Nikolaos Voulvoulis
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Water Framework Directive ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Ecological Objectives ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThe EU Water Framework Directive requires the development of management responses aimed towards improving water quality as a result of improving ecosystem health (system state). Ecosystems have potential to supply a range of services that are of fundamental importance to human well-being, health, livelihoods and survival, and their capacity to supply these services depends on the ecosystem condition (its structure and processes). According to the WFD, Programmes of Measures should be developed to improve overall water status by reducing anthropogenic catchment pressures to levels compatible with the achievement of the ecological objectives of the directive, and when designed and implemented properly should improve the ecological condition of aquatic ecosystems that the delivery of ecosystem services depends on. Monitoring and evaluation of implemented measures are crucial for assessing their effectiveness and creating the agenda for consecutive planning cycles. Considering the challenges of achieving water status improvements, and the difficulties of communicating these to the wider public, we develop a framework for the evaluation of measures cost-effectiveness that considers ecosystem services as the benefits from the reduction of pressures on water bodies. We demonstrate its application through a case study and discuss its potential to facilitate the economic analysis required by the directive, and that most European water authorities had problems with. Findings demonstrate the potential of the methodology to effectively incorporate ecosystem services in the assessment of costs and benefits of proposed actions, as well as its potential to engage stakeholders.

scholarly journals Ergonomic risk assessment in medical-dental clinics

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ferreira ◽  
Ana Lança ◽  
João Paulo Figueiredo ◽  
Silvia Seco ◽  
António Loureiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Cognitive Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Dental Clinics ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract Background The ergonomic applied to Dental Medicine aims to develop an ergonomically planned environment, with equipment rationally distributed, to reduce physical and cognitive stress, prevent diseases related to professional exercise, increasing productivity, improving the quality of service provided and reducing fatigue in the working team. However, physical work usually imposes muscle tension on the musculoskeletal system that can culminate in work-related trauma, commonly called Musculoskeletal Disorder. Methods We proposed as an objective, to evaluate how the ergonomic risks in Medical-Dental Clinics, which can cause work-related Musculoskeletal Injuries, influence the quality of life and health of the workers. The checklist was applied based on the legislation in force and, at the same time, a questionnaire was applied for consultation with the workers; identification of the tasks of all workers and their associated risks has been carried out; ergonomic studies of the workstations concerned have been carried out and, in the light of the results obtained, preventive measures have been indicated to address the problems. Results Through the Rula Method, we evaluated the level of performance in relation to the tasks performed and found that most of these corresponded to level 3, which corresponded to values between 5 and 6 and indicated that changes should occur briefly. Conclusion It was concluded that the most outstanding area in need of rapid changes was the surgical area, since it requires more effort on the part of these professionals. It is therefore proposed to implement new measures to improve health and well-being and avoid ergonomically incorrect postures.

scholarly journals Identifying and overcoming barriers to healthier lives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riz Firestone ◽  
Tevita Funaki ◽  
Sally Dalhousie ◽  
Akarere Henry ◽  
Mereaumate Vano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Healthier Living ◽  
Sociocultural Experiences ◽  
Diet And Lifestyle ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Improve Health

Understanding the key determinants of health from a community perspective is essential to address and improve the health and wellbeing of its members.  This qualitative study aimed to explore and better understand New Zealand-based Pasifika communities’ sociocultural experiences and knowledge of health and wellbeing. Fifty-seven participants were involved in six separate focus groups. Community coordinators co-facilitated and transcribed the discussions and conducted thematic analysis. The findings suggested two overarching themes: (1) ‘Pasifika experiences on poor health and well-being’: were based on sub-themes: (i) ‘recognisable issues’ (e.g., poor diet and lifestyle behaviours); (ii) ‘systemic issues’ that support the perpetual health issues (e.g., lack of knowledge and education) and; (iii) ‘profound issues’ that are often unspoken of and create long-term barriers (e.g., cultural lifestyle and responsibilities).  (2) ‘Hopes and dreams’ to improve health and well-being requires: (i) a family-centric approach to health; (ii) tackling systemic barriers; and (iii) addressing community social justice issues.  This study provides deepened insights on Pasifika communities’ understanding healthier living in the context of their cultural environment and family responsibilities. If we are to develop effective, sustainable programmes that prioritises health and well-being based on the needs of Pasifika communities, the findings from this study highlight their needs as step forward in overcoming barriers to healthier lives.

scholarly journals Analisis Perencanaan Investasi Jaringan Tenaga Listrik

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Dwi Ajiatmo
Keyword(s):  
Net Present Value ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Social Discount Rate ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Present Value ◽  
The Social

Electricity is able to make a positive change and contribution to people's lives and well-being. This study aims to assess the feasibility of investment in the construction of low voltage electricity networks. The method used with project evaluation analysis is based on financial analysis. The criteria used to analyze activities carried out for 10 years use payback period (PP) analysis, net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and profitability index (IP). The results showed that the analysis of investment planning can be carried out with the consequence of the results obtained in the form of not so large returns. PP results show the investment value with the payback period method will Return in the 9th year, while the positive NPV value is still above zero while the IRR value shows the value of 11% below the social discount rate as well as the IP value showing the value of 0.90. The feasibility of investment in terms of economic-financial analysis by looking at per criteria shows that investment is still feasible to be carried out with minimal profit levels.

From Welfare States to Planetary Well-Being

2021 ◽  
pp. 900-920
Author(s):  
Ian Gough
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Social ◽  
Welfare Systems ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
Rich Countries ◽  
The Welfare State

This final chapter concentrates on global environmental challenges to rich-country welfare states: climate breakdown and associated ecological disasters. These common threats add two new raison d’êtres for welfare states: first, that the security and equity they seek should be sustainable through time; second, that their scope is broadened to take account of global equity and well-being. With a few notable exceptions, these fundamental questions have been ignored in the social policy community. I argue here that we need to transform our understanding of social policy in four ways, each more difficult than the previous one. First, we need to develop novel eco-social programmes to tap synergies between well-being and sustainability via transformative investment programmes such as a Green New Deal. Second, we need to recompose consumption in rich countries in two ways: to realize the best principles of the welfare state by extending the range of universal basic services and to work towards a private ‘consumption corridor’ to end waste, meet basic needs, and reduce inequality. Third, we must develop strategies of ‘reduce and redistribute’ to adapt welfare systems for a future of slower, if not negative, economic growth. And finally, we need to develop a global equity framework to meet climatic and ecological threats in a globally just way that recognizes current international inequalities.

The complex relationship between physical activity and diabetes: an overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Palermi ◽  
Olimpia Iacono ◽  
Felice Sirico ◽  
Michele Modestino ◽  
Carlo Ruosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Barriers To Exercise ◽  
Cardio Respiratory Fitness ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread condition, representing a challenging disease to manage. Exercise is being increasingly recommended as part of the therapeutic regimen for DM but the management of different forms of physical activity is difficult for individuals with diabetes, trainers, and physicians. Regular exercise can improve health and well-being, helping individuals to achieve their target lipid profile, body composition, cardio-respiratory fitness, and glycemic goals. People with diabetes tend to be as inactive as the general population, with a large percentage of individuals not achieving the minimum amount of recommended physical activity levels. Indeed, several barriers to exercise exist for persons with diabetes, including sports eligibility, multi-modality management of diabetic athletes, and inadequate knowledge about adequate type and intensity of exercise. The aim of the present review is to provide the current understanding of mechanisms, recommendations, and beneficial effects of different modalities of exercise for the treatment of DM.

Internet of Things in E-Health

2017 ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Rodić Trmčić ◽  
Aleksandra Labus ◽  
Svetlana Mitrović ◽  
Vesna Buha ◽  
Gordana Stanojević
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Framework Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Improve Health

The main task of Internet of Things in eHealth solutions is to collect data, connect people, things and processes. This provides a wealth of information that can be useful in decision-making, improving health and well-being. The aim of this study is to identify framework of sensors and application health services to detect sources of stress and stressors and make them visible to users. Also, we aim at extracting relationship between event and sensor data in order to improve health behavior. Evaluation of the proposed framework model will be performed. Model is based on Internet of Things in eHealth and is going to aim to improve health behavior. Following the established pattern of behavior realized through wearable system users will be proposed a preventive actions model. Further, it will examine the impact of changing health behavior on habits, condition and attitudes in relation to well-being and prevention.

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