Dangerous Aliens, Crisis Constellations, and Information Gaps

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-131
Author(s):  
Nick Vaughan-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Media Representations ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Crisis Narratives ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Made In ◽  
Information Gaps

Chapter 4 shifts the analytical focus from elite claims made in the name of ‘the people’ to EU citizens’ vernacular knowledge of migration. Particular emphasis is given to the vernacular knowledge and categories used by citizens to discuss the issue of migration as it is perceived to impact and disrupt their everyday lives, the underpinning assumptions about hierarchies of race and gender used to position citizens in relation to perceptions about different ‘types’ of people on the move, and citizens’ awareness of/support for dominant governmental and media representations of the issue of migration in Europe. As well as offering a map of these contours, the discussion identifies three overriding themes. First, vernacular conversations problematize the notion of a linear transmission between elite crisis narratives and their reception among diverse publics. Second, the claim that elite narratives merely ventriloquize what ‘the people’ think about and want in regard to about migration is challenged by the complexity and nuance of vernacular narratives. Third, EU citizens repeatedly spoke of what they perceived to be a series of ‘information gaps’, which led to a widespread distrust of mainstream politicians and media sources, anxieties about their individual and collective futures, and demands for more detailed, higher quality, and accessible knowledge about migration from the EU, national governments, media sources, and academics. By taking vernacular views and experiences of migration seriously we can better understand how the propagation of misinformation, confusion, and uncertainty among EU citizens set the scene for populist notions of ‘taking back control’ to thrive.

Dominant Crisis Narratives and Changing Infrastructures

Reckoning ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 108-134
Author(s):  
Candis Callison ◽  
Mary Lynn Young
Keyword(s):  
Colonial History ◽  
Technological Transformation ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Openness To Change ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
News Organizations ◽  
Data Journalism ◽  
Closed Systems ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Crisis Narratives

In Chapter 4, we examine efforts to address reckoning at one of Canada’s most respected legacy journalism organizations: the Toronto Star. Methodologically, we draw on a number of sets of data: public and policy discourse about the journalism crisis in Canada, recent events related to race and gender at the Star, and ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with Star journalists regarding the development of data journalism. Our analysis generates questions about how news organizations are wrestling concurrently with structural critique, economic challenges, and technological transformation. The gender, race, and colonial reckoning that we find in other chapters, we see internally at the Star where long-standing issues with “the view from nowhere,” the challenge of closed systems of journalism, and legacy organizations’ openness to change are conjoined with issues such as methodological interpretation, journalism’s colonial history and its systematic whiteness, and exclusion of Indigenous and minority journalists.

scholarly journals “We, the defenders of nations and liberties”. How the EU populist radical right discursively constructs identities: the case of the Rassemblement National

2020 ◽  
pp. 128-156
Author(s):  
Ivan Fomin ◽  
◽  
Alexander Alexeev
Keyword(s):  
Radical Right ◽  
Parliamentary Elections ◽  
Populist Radical Right ◽  
The People ◽  
Marine Le Pen ◽  
French People ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Integration Project ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu

The article explores how the EU populist radical right in opposition to its national governments uses the concept of rights and freedoms when constructing identities. The research is based on a discourse analysis of speeches given by the leader of the French Rassemblement National Marine Le Pen in the run-up to the 2019 European parliamentary elections. The analysis of discursive strategies employed in these texts allows to empirically demonstrate and elaborate some of the existing theories on key ideological and discursive features of the populist radical right and its positions on rights and freedoms. It also shows, however, that these models need to be reviewed or altered in a number of aspects. The research corresponds to the existing models as it shows the opposition the Self vs. the Other to be one of the central elements in the populist radical right discourse. For instance, when speaking about rights and freedoms, Marine Le Pen constructs the identity of the French people and European peoples by opposing them to the negative Other along two axes: vertically – by constructing a populist opposition to the elites – and horizontally – by constructing a nativist opposition to alien identities. The people is predicated to possess various rights, the Rassemblement National is represented as the defender of these rights, while the elites and the aliens are depicted as a threat to these rights. Yet, these oppositions are not always clearly articulated with numerous ‘grey zones’ systematically constructed: the research demonstrates that the depiction of some actors in a positive or negative way depends on context. The European identity constructed by the populist radical right is also ambivalent: it is not completely rejected although the ongoing European integration project – the EU – is reproached for infringing rights and freedoms. In general, the analysis allows to conclude that the populist radical right in the EU should be regarded as an active contester in the ongoing interpretive struggle over the concept of rights and freedoms rather than its enemy.

scholarly journals The Mobilisation of Race and Gender on an Internet Mailing List V1.0

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Paul Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Construction ◽  
Mailing List ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Multiple Viewpoints ◽  
The People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Categories

This paper explores an incident in which race and gender categories were mobilised on the Internet Mailing List Cybermind during an incident of conflict. The people on this Mailing List would resist easy classification as ‘racist’, yet race proved an issue of fracture, while gender appeared to function as a way of universalising sameness and attempting integration. The process of cultural construction is shown to involve the rhetorical deployment of categories, and deployment of these categories often makes sites of ‘expertise’, which become justifiers and motivators of behaviour. This suggests that cultural barriers are not so much latent but created in response to crisis and debate. Competitions between multiple viewpoints, uneasy truce, or resolution by departure, are all hallmarks of Mailing List life.

scholarly journals Local worlds: Vulnerability and food insecurity in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xolisile G. Ngumbela ◽  
Ernest N. Khalema ◽  
Thokozani I. Nzimakwe
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
The People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Structural Poverty

The overwhelming finding is that after more than a decade of democracy, the Eastern Cape (EC) province remains trapped in structural poverty. This shows in all aspects of its demographic, health and socio-economic profiles. Methods, measurements and statistics vary, but from the various studies and data sets one can attest that the majority of the population still lives in poverty. Despite the democratic transformation that began in South Africa in 1994, poverty, unemployment and inequality exist today along with the food insecurity that is symptomatic of them. Food insecurity in South Africa varies across its nine provinces, with the EC province frequently measured as the poorest province in the country. This article examines the extent to which the EC can be defined as vulnerable to food insecurity by using a review of current literature. These vulnerabilities are compounded by the environmental vulnerability factors of climate change and drought, which affect households’ ability to grow food. The elderly and children are affected by life cycle vulnerability factors, with children prone to malnutrition and the elderly unable to work to produce food. Race and gender are associated with vulnerability to food insecurity. Most of the people in the EC who are poor and are African, and a high percentage of women-headed households is poor. The vulnerability factors identified suggest that job creation and agricultural productivity may be useful ways of targeting food insecurity. Interventions need to take local contexts into account and focus on particular communities and their unique needs.

scholarly journals The Intersection of Race and Gender in Leadership of Cooperatives in North America: Of whom, By whom, and For whom?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ushnish Sengupta
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Racial Minorities ◽  
Leadership Positions ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Gender

This paper describes the intersection of class, gender and race in the leadership of cooperatives in North America. Movement of labour across North American borders changes the membership of cooperatives as well as the leadership and formation of cooperatives. The socio-economic shifts that affect cooperatives are also accompanied by marginalization of particular populations, including Indigenous communities and racial minorities. International cooperative principles remain ideals to aspire to rather than a reality in practice. Although women and racial minorities have made some advances in equity in cooperatives, racialized women in particular are not represented in leadership positions in cooperatives in proportion to membership in the broader population. On an optimistic note, cooperatives continue to be more egalitarian organizations than other types of organizations and therefore have the potential for leading as positive role models, addressing the intersection of gender and race for other organizations to follow. Women leading cooperatives will form different types of cooperatives than men leading cooperatives in the same industry. Additionally women of colour leading cooperatives will form different types of organizations than traditional cooperatives, providing for enriched plurality of organizational forms required for addressing complex socio-economic problems.

scholarly journals Using a Headshot Assignment to Incorporate Critical Theory Into Photojournalism Classrooms

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Briscoe ◽  
Kyser Lough
Keyword(s):  
Population Data ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Predominately White ◽  
The People ◽  
Classroom Conversations ◽  
Journalism Students ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Selection Of

This case study uses a diversity and critical thinking exercise in a photojournalism class to show how journalism educators can incorporate race and gender conversations about ethics and judgment into traditionally skills-oriented courses. It is crucial that journalism students learn how to apply their skills properly in an era of social unrest, inequality, and dwindling media trust. Democratic citizenship and journalism are intertwined, but often the bigger ethical conversations are left out of skills-oriented courses. This can lead to a disconnect between the skills themselves and the responsibility of practicing the skills, especially when it comes to matters of power and representation. The field of photojournalism remains predominately White and male, which makes it all the more crucial for students to interrogate their own biases to ensure ethical coverage of their communities. The assignment asks students to make 36 portraits of strangers, and the subsequent classroom exercise has them confront their inherent biases by looking at the demographics of the people they photographed compared to the general population. Data for this case study consist of observations of the classroom conversations and a reflexive journalism exercise the students completed afterward. Findings indicate this exercise is a successful way to introduce racial and gender considerations as part of photojournalistic ethics and judgment. Students initially neglected to think about representation and diversity in their selection of people to photograph but afterward said they could effectively incorporate reflexivity into their work in an effort to provide more representative imagery and confront their own biases.

Beyond Politics

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Whittier
Keyword(s):  
Sex Offenders ◽  
Sex Offender ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
Media Representations ◽  
Single Issue ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
False Memory Syndrome ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Feminist Organizing

Chapter 3 shows how ideologically diverse activists and legislators converged around a narrow, single-issue opposition to child sexual abuse and defined it as a politically neutral issue. The chapter shows how three challenges to this consensus emerged and were resolved: a 1981 Republican attempt to kill CAPTA; 1992‒1996 feminist organizing around child custody cases and False Memory Syndrome Foundation attempts to weaken CAPTA; 2000 forward, expansions of sex offender registration and notification requirements. Narrow neutrality facilitated the passage of legislation and pulled policy toward criminal justice and away from feminist challenges to the patriarchal family and conservatives’ emphasis on preserving the traditional family. Federal engagement shifted over time from a focus on violence within the family to a focus on child pornography and the control of sex offenders; although framed in terms of dangerous strangers, the new focus affected the larger number of familial offenders as well. Legislators and advocates downplayed race and gender while constructing an implicitly white victim, producing predominantly white offenders because of the prevalence of familial abuse. Experiential and expert knowledge and shared emotional rituals produced and maintained narrow neutrality in Congress, activist and professional groups, and media representations.

Society, Law and Gender Justice in India

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Archna Katoch
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Gender Disparities ◽  
Gender Justice ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Status Of Women

The purpose of this paper is to determine the social status of women and "focus on gender disparities in India. It examines the effectiveness of constitutional laws, enactments and policies to establish the human rights and gender justice. In order to draw the inferences, different types of surveys reports and research studies showing the conditions of women have been used. Study concludes that the conditions of women have undoubtedly improved but gender injustice is still a problem that is seen all over in the society. In India the most of the laws are not effective as they are ahead of public opinion and willingness of the people to change the society and give the women the status of equality. We are still unaware and in the grip of customs and traditions which covertly discriminate against women.

scholarly journals Illiberal and Anti-EU Politics in the Name of the People? Euroscepticism in East Central Europe 2004–2019 in Comparative Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-55
Author(s):  
Lars Vogel
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Instrumental Performance ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
The People ◽  
European Election ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Eu

Abstract This chapter describes patterns, trends and determinants of public Euroscepticism in East Central Europe (ECE). It investigates whether public opinion on European integration in this region is connected to the contestation of both the immigration policies and the constitutional principles of the EU by the respective national governments. By applying longitudinal and comparative analyses based on European Election Studies from 2004 to 2019, it shows public support for European integration in ECE as more closely linked to instrumental performance assessments than in the EU average and as structured by country-specific rather than region-specific patterns. Cultural issues, like immigration and conceptions of democracy, which dominate ECE governmental politics, are only related to public Euroscepticism in some of those countries. Based on these results, the chapter suggests that the connection between the illiberal and anti-EU politics of ECE national governments and public Euroscepticism is loose and conditional upon the national context.

scholarly journals A report that Fukushima residents are concerned about radiation from Land, Food and Radon

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Tamari ◽  
Yujiro Kuroda ◽  
Ryu Miyagawa ◽  
Kanabu Nawa ◽  
Akira Sakumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nuclear Disaster ◽  
The People ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fukushima Daiichi ◽  
And Gender ◽  
One Year ◽  
Public Concerns

Abstract The Great East Japan Earthquake and subsequent TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster occurred on 11 March 2011, which caused the leakage of radioactive materials into the environment. In this study, we report public concerns about radiation in Fukushima and Tokyo almost one year after the nuclear disaster. We examined the public concerns by analyzing the data from 1022 participants, 555 in Fukushima and 467 in Tokyo. They were asked whether they were concerned about radiation from some of six different types of sources, which could be answered in a binary way, ‘yes’ or ‘no’. We found not only similarities, but also significant differences in the degrees of concerns between Fukushima residents and Tokyo ones. Fukushima residents more concerned about radiation from land, food and radon in larger rate than that of Tokyo ones, while Tokyo residents were concerned about radiation from medical care. Residents in neither location were concerned about radiation from space. Our results suggested that careful risk communication should be undertaken, adaptively organized depending on location and other factors, e.g. comprehension about radiation, presence of the experience of evacuation, and also age and gender of the people.

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