Internationalization of Chinese Research and Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 485-501
Author(s):  
Max von Zedtwitz ◽  
Xiaohong Iris Quan
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Technology Acquisition ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Emerging Country ◽  
Central Coordination ◽  
Innovation Community ◽  
Country Specific

The internationalization of Chinese research and development (R&D) is a fairly recent phenomenon and still ongoing process. What makes the rise of international Chinese R&D remarkable is that this is—alongside India—one of the first such endeavors by a developing country with already one of the most substantial global R&D footprints, even including Western countries. Similar motivations and challenges of earlier R&D globalization are replicated and observed also in the recent Chinese internationalization, with a few emerging country-specific nuances, such as the focus on technology acquisition through merger and acquisition (M&A) and suspected central coordination by the Chinese government, which has given rise to challenges of its own for Chinese multinational corporations (MNCs). In this respect, China seems to have been the victim of its own success; the future of Chinese R&D internationalization bears both opportunities and challenges for the global innovation community.

The Technology and Knowledge Spıllover Effects of FDI on Labour Productıvıty—Evıdence from Medıum-Hıgh Industry in Malaysıa

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-110
Author(s):  
Norhanishah Mohamad Yunus ◽  
Noraida Abdul Wahob
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Knowledge Spillovers ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
International Technology Transfer ◽  
Technology Acquisition ◽  
Productivity Function ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Cost

A plethora of studies have revealed the importance of new knowledge transfer from foreign multinational corporations (MNCs) in encouraging higher labour productivity and sustainable competitive advantages. However, less attention is given to low labour productivity issue despite the presence of FDI, especially in the developing country context. Most of the studies only heavily emphasised on 'technology' effects rather than 'knowledge' effects on the host country as a result of the presence of foreign technology. As Malaysia is one of the major FDI recipients in Southeast Asia, the specific spillover effects of each FDI investor country in Malaysia, need to be studied. With an abundance of MNCs, international technology transfer is considered as an imported mode for technology acquisition in a developing country like Malaysia. However, the benefits of FDI spillovers on labour productivity function in Malaysia remain ambiguous, even when classified according to specific investor countries. Globalisation and liberalisation have seen trade and investment activities booming, thus increasing multilateral relations between Malaysia and other countries regardless of their level of development. Thus, this study may help the Malaysian government to justify the cost that should be invested to attract more FDI inflows towards the manufacturing industries in the short run. Keywords: spillover effects, Foreign Direct Investment, labour productivity, technology spillovers, knowledge spillovers

Features of financing the production of intellectual product of transnational corporations

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Svitlana Frunza ◽  
Liudmyla Romaniuk ◽  
Daria Nasypaiko
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Transnational Corporations ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Innovation Economy

The purpose of the article is to study the features of financing the production of intellectual products of multinational corporations in the context of globalization. Research methodology – system-structural and comparative research (to understand the logic of financing the production of intellectual products of multinational corporations), statistical and economic analysis (in assessing the status and prospects of the role of transnational corporations). The scientific novelty is to substantiate the peculiarities of financial management in multinational companies and to determine the main aspects of international financial management, which will increase the production of intellectual products of multinational corporations and the development of international economic relations. The article identifies the distinctive features of modern multinational companies and technologically sound strategies that contribute to their economic success. The main ways to obtain long- term investments and the peculiarities of the formation of strategic alliances and their agreements are clarified. Various forms of international cooperation are considered. Conclusions. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the role of transnational corporations is growing, which is determined by their participation in world gross domestic product, increasing the share of international movement of capital, labor and other resources. Their importance in the world economy is evidenced by the scale of foreign operations in all sectors and areas of social production. The main obstacles to the financing of multinational corporations are the disagreement of the interests of companies and governments of the host countries, taking into account economic, political, monetary, financial and legal risks. Ukraine is able to use the model of open innovation networks as a key to entering the global innovation economy in line with current trends. Keywords: transnational corporations, transnationalization, investments, innovations, research and development, research and development works.

Phil-Tech Meets Eco-Phil

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Don Ihde
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Simple Solution ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
Technological Research ◽  
Ground Floor ◽  
False Dichotomy

Don Ihde examines the “congenital dystopianism” shared by environmentalists, environmental philosophers, and philosophers of technology. Each group employs a “rhetoric of alarm” that connects the use of technologies with environmental degradations. Ihde calls attention to how excessive rhetorical strategies have locked us into a false dichotomy: either technological-environmental utopianism or dystopianism. The problem is that we have not yet fully diagnosed either what our technologies can or should do, or what the environmental crises actually are. So long as we continue to accept either utopian or dystopian forecasts we are unlikely to bring either technologies or ecosystems into appropriate focus. Techno-environmental problems are complex, ambiguous, and interwoven; they rarely lend themselves either to an easy techno-fix or simple solution. The hardest problem of them all is how to turn major actors in the economy green: large scale development projects and multinational corporations. The challenge for a proactive philosopher is to get on the ground floor of technological research and development in order to help figure out how to green the economy itself.

scholarly journals Impact of Political Connection Strength on the Internationalization Outcome of Chinese Firms: Perspectives from Market Exploration and Technology Acquisition

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gupeng Zhang ◽  
Qianlong Zhang ◽  
Dujuan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Political Connection ◽  
Connection Strength ◽  
Chinese Firms ◽  
Domestic Firms ◽  
Technology Acquisition ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Government

Although the role of a home country’s government in firms’ internationalization processes has been investigated, there is a gap in the literature concerning the effectiveness of the government’s effort. Based on the data of 1996 Chinese listed firms, this study investigates how the strength of Chinese firms’ political connection with their home country government impacts the outcomes of their internationalization activities. These activities are classified into market exploration and technology acquisition. We establish an index to measure the firms’ political connection strength and find that it exhibits a bimodal distribution, which indicates that some firms maintain a close relationship with the government, while the business activities of others are distant from the government. The strength of the political connection has different moderating effects on firms’ internationalization processes when either the international market context or the firms’ internationalization activities vary. A strong political connection is beneficial for firms to explore the markets and acquire beneficial technology from developed countries. Compared with its role in exploring international markets, political connection plays a more significant moderating role in augmenting the positive effect of international technology acquisition on firms’ innovation capability. Therefore, Chinese firms may perform better in the internationalization process if they maintain a close relationship with the Chinese government, which engages in promoting the internationalization of domestic firms through an array of policies that may compensate for the firms’ disadvantages. Our results show the mechanism through which emerging countries’ governments use directives and incentives to facilitate the internationalization of domestic firms.

Research and Development of Fuel-Saving Technology of Automobile Gasoline Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 81-85
Author(s):  
Bing Guo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Fuel Saving ◽  
Strategic Issues ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Family ◽  
Automobile Gasoline

Abstract: With the car into the family, for such a big developing country, how to effectively use and conserve resources, better adapt to the needs of the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the national economy, has become China’s key strategic issues. Currently, fuel-saving technologies in the use of vehicles have been a wide range of applications, and develop towards the trend of diversification.

scholarly journals Evaluation of LEED Requirements for Site Properties in Developing Country-Specific Certification

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 1169-1176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruveyda Komurlu ◽  
Asli Pelin Gurgun ◽  
David Arditi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Country Specific

China's Science and Technology System: Governance, Funding and Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 06 (03) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Litao ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Development Expenditure ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Quality Of Research ◽  
T System

As China progresses, its Science and Technology (S&T) system evolves as well, driven by new aspirations, changing needs and surging resources. With the rapid growth of research and development expenditure and a growing supply of talents, China has been reshaping the global research landscape. The quality of research however has been criticised as less impressive than the quantity. To become a global innovation powerhouse, China needs to reform its S&T governance, funding and evaluation.

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