Socializing Capital

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-116
Author(s):  
William G. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Publicly Traded ◽  
Social Character ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
The Public ◽  
Modern Corporation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Extension Of State ◽  
Over Time

This chapter reviews the history of how the modern corporation developed as a form of socialized property. It enumerates some of the important consequences of those developments and briefly mentions recent trends. The empirical focus is the corporate revolution of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the large publicly traded corporation became the dominant form of enterprise. The main point is that the socialization of property originated in the corporation when it was an extension of state power and over time retained its social character while shedding its accountability to the public.

Adventures in Public History

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Hochschild
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
British Empire ◽  
Public History ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Mass Killings ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The author surveys three times and places where the public history of certain events has changed radically over time. The mass killings and arrests of the Stalinist Soviet Union were deliberately ignored for decades afterwards, then drew intense attention in the Gorbachev years. The end of British Empire slavery was for a century or more ascribed to British virtue and generosity; today we pay far more attention to the role of slave revolts. And Belgium officially ignored the murderous slave labor regime King Leopold II imposed on the Congo in the late nineteenth century until the last decade or so.

The Public Understanding of Crime and Policing

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Martin Innes ◽  
Colin Roberts ◽  
Trudy Lowe ◽  
Helen Innes
Keyword(s):  
Community Policing ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Public Perceptions ◽  
Public Understanding ◽  
The Public ◽  
Order Maintenance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

This chapter situates Neighbourhood Policing in a social and policing context, arguing that in order to understand how and why it gained traction at the particular moment when it did, it is necessary to establish how it relates to a longer and deeper history of policing ideas. It proposes that, as a particular iteration of the community policing philosophy, Neighbourhood Policing reflects a defining tension in the police mission as to whether the principal focus should be upon crime management, or a broader notion of community support and order maintenance. This analysis develops a detailed discussion of the community policing tradition and how it has ebbed and flowed over time in terms of its popularity, outlining a theoretical framework for thinking about how and why community policing interventions impact upon public perceptions and experiences of crime, disorder, and security.

Debating the Legal Status of the Ornaments Rubric: Ritualism and Royal Commissions in Late Nineteenth- and Early Twentieth-Century England

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 434-454
Author(s):  
Dan D. Cruickshank
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Church Of England ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
The Public ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Parliamentary Oversight ◽  
The Church

This article uses the history of the Ornaments Rubric in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century to explore the emergence of claims to self-governance within the Church of England in this period and the attempts by parliament to examine how independent the legal system of the church was from the secular state. First, it gives an overview of the history of the Ornaments Rubric in the various editions of the Book of Common Prayer and the Acts of Uniformity, presenting the legal uncertainty left by centuries of Prayer Book revision. It then explores how the Royal Commission into Ritualism (1867–70) and the Public Worship Regulation Act (1874) attempted to control Ritualist interpretations of the Ornaments Rubric through secular courts. Examining the failure of these attempts, it looks towards the Royal Commission on Ecclesiastical Discipline (1904–6). Through the evidence given to the commission, it shows how the previous royal commission and the work of parliament and the courts had failed to stop the continuation of Ritualist belief in the church's independence from secular courts. Using the report of the royal commission, it shows how the commissioners attempted to build a via media between strict spiritual independence and complete parliamentary oversight.

Municipal Activism in Late-Nineteenth-Century Prague: The House Numbered 207-V and Ghetto Clearance

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 247-278
Author(s):  
Cathleen M. Giustino
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Central European ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Common Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth

There was always much that was ordinary about the house numbered 207-V up to the time of its disappearance from Prague's built landscape in 1905. Like many other buildings sheltering some of the city's most underprivileged residents, this place had no artistic worth; no one had contemplated hanging a plaque on its exterior to commemorate a well-known person having slept inside its walls; no published material pointed out any history-altering event that took place behind or in front of its doors. The ordinariness of house 207-V becomes even greater when its final years are situated within the history of a common process taking place, with some exceptions, throughout nineteenth-century Central Europe. Many of the structure's last experiences were part of the growth of what German historians of Germany have called the “Leistungsverwaltung,” and what Austrian historians of Austria- Hungary have called “die aktive Stadt.”1 These two different lab ls are used to describe the fact that during the course of the nineteenth century, a great many Central European cities expanded tremendously, not only in terms of their territoriesś populations, but also in terms of the number and extent of public projects that their municipal governments managed. The public projects included, among others, gas and electric works, transportation lines, sewers, baths, parks, libraries, museums, market halls, slaughterhouses,

Civil society from a historical perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
JU¨RGEN KOCKA
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Private Sphere ◽  
Short History ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transnational Civil Society ◽  
Over Time

In many languages, the concept of ‘Civil society’ has had an astonishing career over the last 10 to 15 years, in disciplines such as history and sociology as well as with the public at large. This article presents a short history of the concept, offers a definition and explores the reasons for its popularity by identifying its conceptual ‘opponents’, which have changed over time. It discusses the changing relations between civil society, the market economy, government and the private sphere. It deals with the affinity between civil society and the middle classes in some areas and periods. It finally explores the trends and limits of the emergence of a transnational civil society in Europe. It is an overview that deals with the present problems from a historical perspective.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Lisa Blee ◽  
Jean M. O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Public Art ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Native Peoples ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Popular Interest ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

This chapter explains the connection between monuments and the stories about the past they convey to viewers over time. While monuments are considered static and place-bound, this statue of the Massasoit became mobile in numerous ways: in stories that travel with the viewer; as small replicas carried away as souvenirs or purchased as art across the country and the world; and in full-sized casts installed in diverse public settings in the Midwest and West. This chapter argues that the fact that the statue represents a Native leader with a connection to the story of the first Thanksgiving makes its mobility uniquely revealing of the fraught historical memory of colonialism in the U.S. This chapter introduces the argument that Wampanoag and other Native peoples have long resisted, challenged, and refigured the popular celebratory story of peaceful colonization often attached to the figure of the Massasoit. This chapter also introduces the history of the Thanksgiving myth, recounts Wampanoag and English settler relations, explains the popular interest in Indian statuary, and provides background on the public art movement that lead to the commission of the Massasoit statue.

scholarly journals ‘The Days of Brilliancy are Past’: Skill, Styles and the Changing Rules of Surgical Performance, ca. 1820–1920

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Schlich
Keyword(s):  
Modern Medicine ◽  
German Language ◽  
Surgical Skill ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Surgical Performance ◽  
Cultural Expectations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines how, over the course of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the appreciation of skill in surgery shifted in characteristic ways. Skill is a problematic category in surgery. Its evaluation is embedded into wider cultural expectations and evaluations, which changed over time. The paper examines the discussions about surgical skill in a variety of contexts: the highly competitive environment of celebrity practitioners in the amphitheatres of early nineteenth-century Britain; the science-oriented, technocratic German-language university hospitals later in the century; and the elitist surgeons of late nineteenth and early twentieth-century United States with their concerns about distancing themselves from commercialism and cheap showmanship. For analysing the interaction of surgical practices with their various contexts the paper makes use of the concept of ‘performance’ and examines how the rules of surgical performance varied according to the prevailing technical, social, and moral conditions. Over the course of the century, surgical performance looked more and more recognisably modern, increasingly following the ideals of replicability, universality and standardisation. The changing ideals of surgical skill are a crucial element of the complex history of the emergence of modern surgery, but also an illuminating example of the history of skill in modern medicine.

scholarly journals Crucial Images in the Presentation of a Kurdish National Identity

2005 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-107
Author(s):  
Halil Ibrahim Yenigün
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Long Line ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Civilized World

This book is primarily a history of the early Kurdish movement, from itsinception in the late nineteenth century to the 1930s. Yet, its distinctivenesscomes not from the Kurdish nationalists’ more publicized products, but fromits focus on the margins of their literary attempts. This study of failed nationalism“is concerned less with how and why Kurdish nationalism did or didnot ‘catch on’ than with the efforts made by [the] Kurdish elite to constructa viable concept of Kurdish identity” (p. 1). In other words, the author’smain concern is to identify how images of the Kurds were constructed andrepresented, and how they evolved, over time, until the late 1930s.The book is divided into three parts, each of which corresponds to a differentperiod that delineates differing self-images of the Kurds. Each part,in turn, consists of six to eight chapters that provide an account of both keyevents in the Kurdish movement’s history and literary works. Part 1,“‘Awakening’ the Kurds,” deals with the movement’s background contextand early period by discussing its leaders, several publications, and organizations.In this period, the Kurds’ self-definition was predominantly negative,and obstacles to modernization abounded: tribal structures, a nomadicway of life, illiteracy, ignorance, and wildness.Yet the Turks were never the “inimical other,” except for such people asthe Ottoman sultan Abdulhamid and “a long line of Ottoman despots.” Theyhad a long list of prescriptions to awaken and literally “remake” the Kurds sothat they could be accepted by the nations of the civilized world. When theWilsonian principles granted their right to self-determination without this culturalleap, some Kurds wanted a Kurdish state. However, the vast majoritymourned for the Treaty of Sevrés along with their Turkish brethren, despitethe fact that its articles established Kurdistan. This chapter also describes howmost Kurds joined forces with the Kemalists to drive out the occupiers, onlyto be frustrated by the Kemalists’ subsequent assimilation projects ...

scholarly journals Pengembangan Permainan Edukatif Pahlawan Nasional Berbasis Android

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
Andhi Setiawan ◽  
Rinta Kridalukmana ◽  
Ike Pertiwi Windasari
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Instructional Media ◽  
The Public ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
National Hero ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Over Time

With over time the smartphone is increasingly recognized by the public, it is contrary to the interest in learning about the history of Indonesia, especially the National Hero. Because of it, the idea to combine these two, which combines the sophistication of a smartphone with a history of national hero. Lack of instructional media on a national hero also be one of the factors that led to the creation of this application, not only can be an alternative medium of learning from the lessons of history, this application can also be one of the games that can entertain users. This application intended to provide additional knowledge about the national hero aside from the lessons taught in schools or other educational institutions, the media smartphone is well known by the public is expected that these applications can easily be accepted and may be useful for users who play this application.

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