The Experience of Meaning-Making

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn McNamara Barry ◽  
Mona M. Abo-Zena
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Media ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Self Discovery ◽  
Developmental Domains

Emerging adults are on a journey of self-discovery. In a nation founded on religious liberty, it is not surprising that so many emerging adults in the United States are focused on self-exploration concerning their religiousness and spirituality. This chapter addresses how religiousness and spirituality develop over the third decade by noting similarities and differences from previous and coming decades, the nature of religious and spiritual beliefs, the intersection of religious and spiritual development with developmental domains, and the outcomes associated with religiousness and spirituality. The chapter goes on to discuss religious and spiritual socialization contexts of parents, peers, religious communities, universities, and the media, and it delineates the variations in religious and spiritual development concerning gender, sexuality, and culture, as well as the subgroup of nonreligious and atheist emerging adults. The authors note limitations and future research directions for the study of emerging adults’ religiousness and spirituality.

Job Apathy

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon B. Schmidt ◽  
Guihyun Park ◽  
Jessica Keeney ◽  
Sonia Ghumman
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Practical Implications

Work anecdotes and popular media programs such as Office Space, The Office, and Dilbert suggest that there are a number of workers in the United States who feel a sense of apathy toward their workplace and their job. This article develops these ideas theoretically and provides validity evidence for a scale of job apathy across two studies. Job apathy is defined as a type of selective apathy characterized by diminished motivation and affect toward one’s job. A scale of job apathy was developed and data from a sample of currently or recently employed college students supported two dimensions: apathetic action and apathetic thought. Job apathy was found to be empirically distinct from clinical apathy, negative affectivity, cynicism, and employee engagement. Job apathy was also found to have incremental validity in the prediction of personal initiative, withdrawal, and organizational deviance. Practical implications and future research directions for job apathy are discussed.

Religiosity and spirituality during the transition to adulthood

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn McNamara Barry ◽  
Larry Nelson ◽  
Sahar Davarya ◽  
Shirene Urry
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Psychosocial Development ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Media ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality ◽  
Socializing Agents

Emerging adults (approximately 18 to 25 years of age) experience heightened self-exploration regarding their beliefs and values, including those concerning religiosity and spirituality. The purpose of this article is to review the literature regarding religiosity and spirituality in emerging adulthood. First, we document developmental advances in physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development that support this exploration along with theoretical and empirical work on how religiosity and spirituality develop during this time period. Second, we examine the research on prevalence rates for and correlates of religiosity and spirituality. Third, we examine socializing agents of religiosity and spirituality that document parents’ indirect role relative to other adults, peers, and the media. Next, we examine the role that culture, community, and gender play in the development and socialization of religious and spiritual beliefs and practices. Lastly, future research directions and implications of the findings are discussed.

Machine Learning Techniques to Identify and Characterize Sleep Disorders Using Biosignals

2021 ◽  
pp. 136-160
Author(s):  
Mercedes Barrachina ◽  
Laura Valenzuela López
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Future Research Directions

Sleep disorders are related to many different diseases, and they could have a significant impact in patients' health, causing an economic impact to the society and to the national health systems. In the United States, according to information from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, those disorders are affecting 50-70 million in the adult population. Sleep disorders are causing annually around 40,000 deaths due to cardiovascular problems, and they cost the health system more than 16 billion. In other countries, such as in Spain, those disorders affect up to 48% of the adult population. The main objective of this chapter is to review and evaluate the different machine learning techniques utilized by researchers and medical professionals to identify, assess, and characterize sleep disorders. Moreover, some future research directions are proposed considering the evaluated area.

Substance Use Disorder Treatments

2017 ◽  
pp. 96-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Cambraia Windsor ◽  
Douglas C. Smith ◽  
Kyle M. Bennett ◽  
Frederick X. Gibbons
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Substance Use Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Drug Misuse ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Treatment Access ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Diverse Groups

Today’s emerging adults belong to one of the most diverse generations in the United States and show the highest rates of alcohol and illicit drug misuse, facing significant health risks. Thus it is critical to develop effective interventions to reduce alcohol and illicit substance misuse and its related harms among this diverse group. This chapter examines the current literature on the development and effectiveness of existing culturally relevant substance use disorder treatments and makes recommendations for future research and best practices. We argue that given their unique needs, the severity of their substance use, and the low rates of treatment engagement among this population, it is critical that treatment efforts focus on increasing effective treatment access to all emerging adults. We further encourage substance use disorder treatment researchers and practitioners to move beyond addressing culture-bound intervention targets focused on specific cultural groups. The chapter advocates for the development, testing, and adoption of interventions that are responsive to cultural contexts and that (1) target social determinants of health, (2) are equally effective with privileged and marginalized emerging adults, and (3) prepare therapists to effectively deliver interventions to diverse groups and demonstrate cultural competence.

Digitizing Healthcare

2010 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
Yasin Ozcelik ◽  
Claire H. Carter ◽  
Maryann Clark ◽  
Alejandro Martinez
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Medication Administration ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Healthcare Industry ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Adoption And Implementation ◽  
The World ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Promote Patient Safety

Proliferation of the Internet and Information Technology (IT) has led to many innovations in the healthcare industry. Among such innovations are the Electronic Medication Administration Record (eMAR) and the Bedside Medication Verification (BMV), both of which have been widely implemented by hospitals around the world. In this regard, the goal of this chapter is three-fold. It first describes the underlying work-flow utilized in these systems by comparing it with traditional methods of medication administration. Then it investigates the adoption and implementation of eMAR and BMV in hospitals in the United States, the conversion from traditional medication administration to eMAR documentation, and how utilization of eMAR and BMV can promote patient safety. The chapter concludes with the exploration of future trends in medication administration through the utilization of eMAR and BMV, and highlights future research directions in the field.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Larry Abbott Golemon
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Clifford Geertz

The first century of educating clergy in the United States is rightly understood as classical professional education—that is, as formation into an identity and calling to serve the wider public through specialized knowledge and skills. This book argues that pastors, priests, and rabbis were best formed into capacities of culture building through the construction of narratives, symbols, and practices that served their religious communities and the wider public. This kind of education was closely aligned with liberal arts pedagogies of studying classical texts, languages, and rhetoric in order to form habits of inquiry, interpretation, and oratory in students. The theory of culture here is indebted to Clifford Geertz and Jerome Bruner’s social-semiotic view, which identifies culture as the social construction of narrative, symbols, and practices that shape the identity and meaning-making of certain communities. The theological framework of analysis is indebted to George Lindbeck’s cultural-linguistic view, which emphasizes the role of doctrine as grammatical rules that govern narratives, doctrinal grammars, and social practices for distinct religious communities. This framework is pushed toward the renewal and reconstruction of religious frameworks by the postmodern work of Sheila Devaney and Kathryn Tanner. The book also employs several other concepts from social theory, borrowed from Jurgen Habermas, Max Weber, Pierre Bourdieu, Michael Young, and Bernard Anderson.

Men’s Adjustment to Spinal Cord Injury: The Unique Contributions of Conformity to Masculine Gender Norms

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaun Michael Burns ◽  
Sigmund Hough ◽  
Briana L. Boyd ◽  
Justin Hill
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Masculine Norms ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Impact

Men constitute 82% of the approximately 250,000 people in the United States living with a spinal cord injury. Unfortunately, however, little is known about the impact of men’s adherence to gender norms on their adjustment to such injuries. The present investigation examined the utility of masculine norms in explaining variance in depression beyond that accounted for by commonly identified predictors of men’s adjustment following spinal cord injury. As hypothesized, results suggested that men’s adherence to masculine norms accounted for unique variance in their depression scores beyond that contributed by social support, environmental barriers/access, and erectile functioning. Respondents who adhered to norms stressing the primacy of men’s work demonstrated lower rates of depression, whereas those who conformed to norms for self-reliance demonstrated higher depression scores. The authors discuss future research directions and potential psychotherapeutic strategies for working with men with spinal cord injuries.

School-Based Interventions for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence of Effects for Minority Populations

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
JANET C. MEININGER
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
School Students ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
School Based ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
School Based Interventions

The purposes of this review were to analyze and evaluate the results of school-based studies that have used population-wide approaches for primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases and to assess the extent to which strategies tested to date have been effective for minority populations in the United States. The literature included in the review was restricted to studies published between 1986 and August 1999; they sampled elementary, middle, or high school students and incorporated a control or comparison group. There were no consistent effects of school-based interventions on blood pressure, lipid profiles, or measures of body mass and obesity. There was evidence that changes in knowledge and health behaviors occurred. Findings are interpreted within the context of population-wide approaches to prevention, and recommendations for future research directions are discussed.

scholarly journals Why Me? An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Drinking Gamers’ Reasons for Selecting Other Players to Drink

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Audley ◽  
Kelcie Grenier ◽  
Jessica L. Martin ◽  
Jeremy Ramos
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Heavy Drinking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Personal Qualities ◽  
High Risk Drinking

A drinking game (DG) is a high-risk drinking activity because it consists of rules that facilitate heavy drinking. The opportunity to select another player to drink is a feature of certain games, which makes DGs unique among other high-risk drinking activities. Thus, the present study’s aims were to examine the primary reasons why DG participants select another player to drink and why someone believes she or he was selected. We collected qualitative, online responses to open-ended questions about the personal qualities that increase players’ chances of being selected to drink while playing a DG ( N = 409; emerging adults ages 18–25 years; 54.3% women; 41.6% noncurrent college students). Overall, most participants reported perceived personality qualities, followed by a desire for interaction or alcohol consumption, as the primary reason that players are selected, why they are selected, and why they select other players to drink. Implications for practice and future research directions are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals A study of the portrayal of female on-air talent on Spanish language television news

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Elizabeth Sanchez Denton
Keyword(s):  
Television News ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Hispanic Population ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Hispanic Females ◽  
The Media ◽  
Theoretical Frame ◽  
Stereotypical Roles

Research on Hispanics in the media reveal they are shown in stereotypical roles, wearing tight, sexy clothing and excessive accessories. This research was conducted from a cultural position and used feminism as a theoretical frame. The purpose of this study is to examine how Hispanic females on Spanish language television news are portrayed based on the clothes they wear and if they play into the stereotypes by the media or if they are trying to serve the growing Hispanic population in the United States that is not foreign born. In this study, thirty-four female presenters were evaluated during three weeks of May, a television ratings period where advertising dollars are set for television stations. The study looked at the Spanish language news shows Despierta America (Univision) and Un Nuevo Dia (Telemundo). The data determined many of the on-air talent dressed as if they were going to a party rather than to a professional place of employment. Analysis and future research are discussed in the study.

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