scholarly journals Duality rules for more mixed-symmetry potentials

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuho Sakatani
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii ◽  
Covariant Approach ◽  
Symmetry Potential ◽  
Mixed Symmetry ◽  
Field Strengths

Abstract $T$ - and $S$-duality rules among the gauge potentials in type II supergravities are studied. In particular, by following the approach of [J. J. Fernández-Melgarejo et al., arXiv:1909.01335], we determine the $T$- and $S$-duality rules for certain mixed-symmetry potentials, which couple to supersymmetric branes with tension $T\propto g_s^{-n}$ ($n\leq 4$). Although the $T$-duality rules are rather intricate, we find a certain redefinition of potentials which considerably simplifies the duality rules. After the redefinition, potentials are identified with components of the $T$-duality-covariant potentials, which have been predicted by the $E_{11}$ conjecture. Since our approach is based on $U$-duality, we can also determine the 11D uplifts of the mixed-symmetry potential, unlike the $T$-duality-covariant approach known in the literature. We also study the field strengths of the mixed-symmetry potentials.

scholarly journals Revisiting higher-spin gyromagnetic couplings

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Marotta ◽  
Massimo Taronna ◽  
Mritunjay Verma
Keyword(s):  
General Formula ◽  
Regge Trajectory ◽  
Young Diagram ◽  
Young Tableau ◽  
Gauge Fields ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Massive String ◽  
Mixed Symmetry ◽  
Higher Spin ◽  
Kaluza Klein

Abstract We analyze Bosonic, Heterotic, and Type II string theories compactified on a generic torus having constant moduli. By computing the hamiltonian giving the interaction between massive string excitations and U(1) gauge fields arising from the graviton and Kalb-Ramond field upon compactification, we derive a general formula for such couplings that turns out to be universal in all these theories. We also confirm our result by explicitly evaluating the relevant string three-point amplitudes. From this expression, we determine the gyromagnetic ratio g of massive string states coupled to both gauge-fields. For a generic mixed symmetry state, there is one gyromagnetic coupling associated with each row of the corresponding Young Tableau diagram. For all the states having zero Kaluza Klein or Winding charges, the value of g turns out to be 1. We also explicitly consider totally symmetric and mixed symmetry states (having two rows in the Young diagram) associated with the first Regge-trajectory and obtain their corresponding g value.

scholarly journals U-Dualities in Type II and M-Theory: A Covariant Approach

Symmetry ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 993
Author(s):  
Edvard T. Musaev
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Short Description ◽  
Field Theories ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Covariant Approach ◽  
Covariant Description ◽  
M Theory

In this review, a short description of exceptional field theory and its application is presented. Exceptional field theories provide a U-duality covariant description of supergravity theories, allowing addressing relevant phenomena, such as non-geometricity. Some applications of the formalism are briefly described.

scholarly journals Exotic branes and mixed-symmetry potentials. I. Predictions from E11 symmetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
José J Fernández-Melgarejo ◽  
Yuho Sakatani ◽  
Shozo Uehara
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Duality Symmetry ◽  
Mixed Symmetry ◽  
M Theory

Abstract Type II string theory or M-theory contains a broad spectrum of gauge potentials. In addition to the standard $p$-form potentials, various mixed-symmetry potentials have been predicted, which may couple to exotic branes with non-standard tensions. Together with $p$-forms, mixed-symmetry potentials turn out to be essential to build the multiplets of the $U$-duality symmetry in each dimension. In this paper, we systematically determine the set of mixed-symmetry potentials and exotic branes on the basis of the $E_{11}$ conjecture. We also study the decompositions of $U$-duality multiplets into $T$-duality multiplets and determine which mixed-symmetry tensors are contained in each of the $U$-/$T$-duality multiplets.

scholarly journals Magnetic Field Strengths in the Hot Spots and Lobes of Three Powerful Fanaroff‐Riley Type II Radio Sources

2002 ◽  
Vol 581 (2) ◽  
pp. 948-973 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Hardcastle ◽  
M. Birkinshaw ◽  
R. A. Cameron ◽  
D. E. Harris ◽  
L. W. Looney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Radio Sources ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Field Strengths

Magnetic-field strengths from optical polarization data

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 381-383
Author(s):  
J. M. Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Optical Polarization ◽  
Polarization Data ◽  
Term Model ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Field Strengths

Van de Hulst (Paper 64, Table 1) has marked optical polarization as a questionable or marginal source of information concerning magnetic field strengths. Rather than arguing about this–I should rate this method asq+-, or quarrelling about the term ‘model-sensitive results’, I wish to stress the historical point that as recently as two years ago there were still some who questioned that optical polarization was definitely due to magnetically-oriented interstellar particles.

Type II Solar Radio Bursts over Solar Cycle 21

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 283-284
Author(s):  
G. Maris ◽  
E. Tifrea
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radio ◽  
Interplanetary Space ◽  
Impulsive Phase ◽  
Radio Bursts ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Solar Radio Bursts ◽  
Strong Energy ◽  
Mass Ejection ◽  
Geophysical Effect ◽  
Radio Event

The type II solar radio bursts produced by a shock wave passing through the solar corona are one of the most frequently studied solar activity phenomena. The scientific interest in this type of phenomenon is due to the fact that the presence of this radio event in a solar flare is an almost certain indicator of a future geophysical effect. The origin of the shock waves which produce these bursts is not at all simple; besides the shocks which are generated as a result of a strong energy release during the impulsive phase of a flare, there are also the shocks generated by a coronal mass ejection or the shocks which appear in the interplanetary space due to the supplementary acceleration of the solar particles.

Heat-Etching with a Bullivant Type II Simple Freeze-Cleave Device

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Weinstein ◽  
N. Scott McNutt
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Massachusetts General Hospital ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Collaborative Effort ◽  
Temperature And Pressure ◽  
The University

The Type I simple cold block device was described by Bullivant and Ames in 1966 and represented the product of the first successful effort to simplify the equipment required to do sophisticated freeze-cleave techniques. Bullivant, Weinstein and Someda described the Type II device which is a modification of the Type I device and was developed as a collaborative effort at the Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Auckland, New Zealand. The modifications reduced specimen contamination and provided controlled specimen warming for heat-etching of fracture faces. We have now tested the Mass. General Hospital version of the Type II device (called the “Type II-MGH device”) on a wide variety of biological specimens and have established temperature and pressure curves for routine heat-etching with the device.

Ultrastructure of pulmonary microvasculature in acute endotoxemia

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 470-471
Author(s):  
R. G. Gerrity ◽  
M. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Alveolar Epithelium ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Capillary Endothelium ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Interstitial Edema ◽  
Pulmonary Capillaries ◽  
Lung Ultrastructure ◽  
Fibrin Thrombi

Dogs were injected intravenously with E_. coli endotoxin (2 mg/kg), and lung samples were taken at 15 min., 1 hr. and 24 hrs. At 15 min., occlusion of pulmonary capillaries by degranulating platelets and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PML) was evident (Fig. 1). Capillary endothelium was intact but endothelial damage in small arteries and arterioles, accompanied by intraalveolar hemorrhage, was frequent (Fig. 2). Sloughing of the surfactant layer from alveolar epithelium was evident (Fig. 1). At 1 hr., platelet-PML plugs were no longer seen in capillaries, the endothelium of which was often vacuolated (Fig. 3). Interstitial edema and destruction of alveolar epithelium were seen, and type II cells had discharged their granules into the alveoli (Fig. 4). At 24 hr. phagocytic PML's were frequent in peripheral alveoli, while centrally, alveoli and vessels were packed with fibrin thrombi and PML's (Fig. 5). In similar dogs rendered thrombocytopenic with anti-platelet serum, lung ultrastructure was similar to that of controls, although PML's were more frequently seen in capillaries in the former (Fig. 6).

Mitochondria microcrystals deposition in some inherited diseases of lipid metabolism.

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
S. Laoussadi ◽  
A. Kahan ◽  
G. Aubouy ◽  
F. Delbarre
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Tissue ◽  
Storage Disease ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Lipid Storage Disease ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Mean Size

Several patients with Fabry's, Gaucher's diseases and hyperlipoproteinemia type II and with arthropatic manifestations were observed.As no histological explanation for these symptoms was available,an ultrastructural study of synovial tissue was done to establish an anatomoclinical relation.Material and Methods :synovial membrane samples were obtained by needle biopsies of the knee from three patients with arthropatic manifestations of each disease.They were fixed in 5% glutaraldehyde, postfixed in 1% osmium tetraoxyde and embedded in Epon 812. Thin sections coloured by uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed with an Elmiskop I Siemens electron microscope.Two important phenomena were observed in synovial tissue:Specific patterns of each lipid storage disease,which are now well known.In all the three metabolic diseases, hydroxyapatite-like crystals were found. They are characterized by their intramitochondrial localization, without any relation with cristae,an anarchic disposition and a mean size of 550 A.Crystals may be found also free in the cytoplasm of synoviocytes Some micrographs suggest an evolution in four steps :a. mitochondria with only a few microcrystalsb. mitochondria stuffed with these structuresc. disruption of mitochondria membranesd. microcrystals appear free in the cytoplasm

Labelling of non-A, non-B hepatitis infected chimpanzee hepatocytes with nuclease-gold conjugates

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 250-251
Author(s):  
G. D. Gagne ◽  
M. F. Miller ◽  
D. A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cellular Injury ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tubular Structures ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Infected Chimpanzee

Experimental infection of chimpanzees with non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANB) or with delta agent hepatitis results in the appearance of characteristic cytoplasmic alterations in the hepatocytes. These alterations include spongelike inclusions (Type I), attached convoluted membranes (Type II), tubular structures (Type III), and microtubular aggregates (Type IV) (Fig. 1). Type I, II and III structures are, by association, believed to be derived from endoplasmic reticulum and may be morphogenetically related. Type IV structures are generally observed free in the cytoplasm but sometimes in the vicinity of type III structures. It is not known whether these structures are somehow involved in the replication and/or assembly of the putative NANB virus or whether they are simply nonspecific responses to cellular injury. When treated with uranyl acetate, type I, II and III structures stain intensely as if they might contain nucleic acids. If these structures do correspond to intermediates in the replication of a virus, one might expect them to contain DNA or RNA and the present study was undertaken to explore this possibility.

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