Prevelance and Causes of Facial Hyperpigmentation in Egypt: Dermoscopic and Histopathological Study

Abstract Background One of the most common dermatological complaints from patients with skin of color is dyspigmentation, particularly hyperpigmentation. The challenge for clinicians is to establish correct diagnoses along with successful treatments to meet the needs of the increasingly diverse population. Aim of the Work To identify the prevalence and the causes of facial hyperpigmented lesions in Egyptian people by using dermoscope and histopathological examination. Patients and Methods This study is a prospective cross-sectional non-controlled study that included 125 patients with facial hyperpigmentary lesions on the face. The patients were randomly recruited from the outpatient clinic of Dermatology at Ain Shams University Hospitals, during the period from July 2017 till December 2018. Results In our study, 67 patients (44%) had melasma; 25patient (16%) PIH and 23 (15%) patients showed freckles. In addition, SK was diagnosed in 10 patients (6%), phototoxicity in 4 patients (2.5%), 11(7.5%) patient was diagnosed with LPP, riehls melanosis was also diagnosed in 3 patients (2%), 2 patient presented with epidermal naevi (1.8%) and one patient presented with naevus of ota (0.5%) and one with solar lentigo (0.5%). Conclusion Dermoscopic examination can be dignostec in some diseases like SK and it can be helpful the determine the level of pigmentation and to expect the treatment results. And correlation between histopathology and dermoscopy can be helpful to reach the final diagnosis ant to determine the best treatment choice.

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The Frequency and Causes of Subepidermal Gaps or Blisters and the Compliance Rate Between Clinical Diagnosis and Pathology Reports from 2015 to 2019

Journal of Skin and Stem Cell ◽

10.5812/jssc.118423 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol In Press (In Press) ◽

Author(s):

Abbas Darjani ◽

Hojat Eftekhari ◽

Seyedeh Rojin Amini Rad ◽

Narges Alizadeh ◽

Rana Rafiee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Compliance Rate ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Direct Immunofluorescence ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pathology Reports

Background: Skin diseases are the fourth most common cause of human illness, and blisters with different clinical manifestations make a diagnostic challenge. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and causes of subepidermal gaps or blisters, as well as the compliance rate between the initial and final clinical diagnoses based on pathology reports. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, pathology reports of subepidermal blisters or gaps were evaluated in the patients referred to the Razi Laboratory of Rasht from 2015 to 2019. The samples were examined by a pathologist after hematoxylin and eosin staining. The reports included demographic information, clinical differential diagnoses, final diagnosis, direct immunofluorescence findings, and salt split results. Finally, the compliance rate of clinical diagnosis with pathology reports was determined. Results: A total of 183 pathology reports were evaluated, 170 of which contained the final diagnosis. Females were more frequently affected by the disease, and pemphigoid bolus and lichen planus were the most prevalent final diagnoses. The compliance rate between the initial and final diagnoses was 94%. About 37.2% of the reports lacked direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and salt split, and only 42.6% of the samples had undergone DIF examination, while 20.2% had both DIF and salt split. There was no significant association between the compliance rate of the final diagnosis with age, sex, and undergoing diagnostic tests. Conclusions: A high incidence of subepidermal gaps or blisters was seen in middle-aged individuals and females. The compliance rate of the initial clinical diagnosis with the final diagnosis based on pathological reports was high. Our findings emphasize the importance of histopathological examination and the complementary role of direct immunofluorescence and salt split in diagnosis.

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Histopathological study of cutaneous granulomas

Journal of Pathology of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpn.v9i2.25388 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 1535-1541

Author(s):

Aasiya Rajbhandari ◽

Ram Chandra Adhikari ◽

Shreya Shrivastav ◽

Sudip Parajuli

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Microbial Culture ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Granulomatous Lesions ◽

Tuberculoid Leprosy ◽

Cutaneous Granuloma ◽

Skin Biopsies

Background: Cutaneous granulomas comprise a wide spectrum of diseases that are frequently encountered. Since clinical assessment alone is insufficient in most of the cases, skin biopsies are a basic requisite in evaluating these lesions. Histopathological examination, although helpful in deciding the nature of granulomas and etiology in most of the cases, maybe noncontributory in some cases, thus requiring further ancillary tests such as microbial culture, polymerase chain reaction. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross sectional study enrolled 109 cases of skin biopsies after histopathological confirmation of granulomatous lesions. The specimens were received at the Department of Pathology from 14th April 2017 to 13th April 2018. Results: Out of 650 skin biopsies, 109 cases (16.8%) were diagnosed as granulomatous lesions on histology. Male predilection was noted and age group of 31 to 40 years was the commonest affected. Upper extremities were more commonly involved. Leprosy was the commonest etiological agent and tuberculoid granulomas were the commonest type based on their histology. Conclusions: Leprosy was the most common cause of cutaneous granuloma followed by Tuberculosis, fungal infection and foreign body reaction. Among the cases of leprosy, borderline tuberculoid leprosy and tuberculoid leprosy were the commonest subtype.

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Histopathological study of dermal granuloma

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.25259/ijms_11_2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 35-39

Author(s):

Gunvanti B. Rathod ◽

Pragnesh Parmar

Keyword(s):

Middle Age ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Venereal Disease ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Granulomatous Disease ◽

Cutaneous Tuberculosis ◽

Granulomatous Lesions ◽

Study Population ◽

Granulomatous Diseases

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to confirm the diagnosis of clinically suspected dermal granuloma- tous diseases by histopathological examination and by routine and special stains as well as to study the incidence of various types of dermal granulomas. Materials And Methods: This study was conducted at the Department of Pathology in collaboration with De- partment of Skin and Venereal disease. A total of 90 cases from outdoor patient department of skin and venereal disease, which were clinically diagnosed as suspected dermal granulomatous diseases, were taken as the study population. Results: In our study, we found that leprosy had the highest incidence (50%), followed by cutaneous tuberculosis (30%) among all dermal granulomatous diseases like syphilis, fungal, granuloma annulare, foreign body, actino- mycosis, and sarcoidosis. Dermal granulomas were most common in middle age between 21 and 40 years of age. Conclusion: Histopathology played an important role in the final diagnosis of dermal granulomatous lesions. Most common dermal granulomatous disease was leprosy, followed by cutaneous tuberculosis.

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Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data System (TIRADS) For Ultrasound Features Of Solitary Thyroid Nodules

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcab106.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Amr Salama A Salah ◽

Sherif H Abu-Gamrah ◽

Ahmed M Hussein ◽

Haytham M Nasser

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Thyroid Nodules ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Data System ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Thyroid Imaging ◽

Echogenic Foci ◽

Ultrasound Features

Abstract Purpose to investigate the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) as a new classification system for solitary thyroid nodules by high resolution Ultrasonography in correlation with histopathological study. Materials and Methods Thirty patients with clinically suspected thyroid nodules referred to Radiology department at Ain shams University hospitals after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria. All thyroid nodules are examined by ultrasound and charactrized according to internal components, margins, echogenicity, shape and evidence of echogenic foci the classified according to the American college of radiology (ACR) TIRADS guidline, then compared with histopathological examination by Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) . Results Many ultrasound features were predeictors of malignancy hypoechoic echopattern, taller than wider shape, punctate echogenic foci, and lobulated and irregular margins with (p < 0.05). Risk of malignancy on TIRADS 1 and 2 nodules were 0%, also on TIRADS 3 nodules was 0%. While on TIRADS 4 and 5 nodules were 11.1% and 88.9% respectively. ROC analysis revealed sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and area under curve (AUC) are 100, 85.71, 75.00, 100.00 and 0.987 respectively when using cut-off value of score <5. Conclusion Our results suggest that ACR TIRADS classification is reliable in predicting thyroid malignancy. It could lead to a significant decrease of the number of unnecessary FNAC.

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A Clinico-Histopathological Study of Orbital and Ocular Lesions; a Multicenter Study

Journal of Chitwan Medical College ◽

10.3126/jcmc.v3i2.8442 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 40-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P Bastola ◽

S Koirala ◽

G Pokhrel ◽

P Ghimire ◽

RK Adhikari

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Age Groups ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Ocular Lesions ◽

Granuloma Pyogenicum ◽

Orbital Lesions ◽

Made In

The study aimed at finding out the morphological and clinico-pathological correlation of Orbital and Ophthalmic lesions in various eye institutes of Nepal. The study also aimed at finding out the prevalence of Ophthalmic lesions needing histopathological examination. This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in various tertiary eye hospitals of Nepal from 2008 – 2012. The department of pathology was also incorporated in giving the correct histopathological findings in time. All the relevant data were entered in a specifically designed proforma for the study and analyzed. One hundred Ophthalmic and Orbital lesions were studied in various age groups. Ophthalmic and Orbital lesions were highest (18%) in 31-40 year age group patients. Eyelid (57%) was the most commonly involved site. Clinical diagnosis was consistent with histopathological diagnosis in more than 60% of the cases. Among eyelid lesions, incidence of dermoid cyst (21%) was highest. While in Conjunctival lesions, granuloma pyogenicum (22.5%) was highest followed by other lesions. A clinico-pathological diagnosis of malignant orbital tumors or ocular tumors was made in 30% of cases. While 70% cases of Ophthalmic or orbital lesions were benign in nature. All Ophthalmic lesions removed surgically should always (without exception) be subjected to histopathological examination to establish correct diagnosis for further management. However this study has shown that a good clinical examination and diagnosis before subjecting the patient for histopathological examination gives the patient and the treating surgeon a better outcome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i2.8442 Journal of Chitwan Medical College Vol.3(2) 2013 40-44

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Clinicopathological Evaluation of Eyelid and Conjunctival Lesions in Patients of Farshchian Hospital in Hamadan

Internal Medicine And Medical Investigation Journal ◽

10.24200/imminv.v2i4.114 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 120

Author(s):

Fateme Eslami ◽

Hamidreza Ghasemibasir

Keyword(s):

Clinical Diagnosis ◽

Malignant Tumors ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Age Groups ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Histological Diagnosis ◽

Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽

Benign Lesions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Clinical Appearance

Introduction: The lesions of the eyelid and conjunctiva are benign and malignant. The ratio of benign lesions is more than the malignant, increases with age, and are easily diagnosed clinically. However, in some cases, the clinical diagnosis of malignant tumors is impossible, necessitating the final diagnosis by histopathological examination. The incidence of benign and malignant tumors differs between countries according to the genetics of the racial population or environmental factors.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 424 patients with eyelid and conjunctival lesions from the Farshchian Hospital of Hamadan between 2010–2014. The final pathological report, clinical diagnosis, demographic variables including age and gender, site of lesions, and clinical appearance were extracted from medical records.Results: The lesions consisted of 159 (37.5%) eyelid and 265 (62.5%) conjunctival lesions. The predominant location was bulbar conjunctiva (35.1%), and the least was external canthus (1.7%). The most frequent lesion based on clinical diagnosis was pterygium (51.7%), and the least frequent was sebaceous glands carcinoma. The most frequent lesion based on histological diagnosis was pterygium (52.5%), and the least frequent was xanthelasma. In this study, the concordance between clinical and histological diagnosis was 90.3% that indicated the physician’s accurate diagnosis.Conclusion: According to this study, the frequency of eyelid and conjunctival lesion was similar in males and females. The prevalence of lesions in >60-year-olds is more common than that in other age groups. The benign lesions of eyelids and conjunctiva are common than malignant lesions. Despite high clinicopathological concordance, the physician should always consider the rare cases, and the pathological diagnosis must be considered for all specimens.

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Histopathological Study of Myometrial Lesions of Uterus in a Tertiary Care Hospital of South India

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2021/57 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (06) ◽

pp. 293-297

Author(s):

Gayathri B.N ◽

Mallikarjun A. Pattanashetti ◽

Priyadarshini M.M

Keyword(s):

Histopathological Examination ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Microscopic Pathology ◽

Age Range

BACKGROUND The most commonly done gynaecological surgery worldwide is hysterectomy. Myometrial lesions contribute to majority of cases with abnormal uterine bleeding. Leiomyoma and adenomyosis are most common lesions seen in the myometrium. The present study was undertaken to identify the various types of myometrial pathologies in hysterectomy samples. METHODS This is a two-year retrospective cross-sectional study done from January 2017 to December 2018, in the Department of Pathology, Kodagu Institute of Medical Sciences, Madikeri. All the patients who underwent hysterectomy and myomectomy for myometrial lesions of uterus were included in the study. Hysterectomy specimens showing secondaries, gross infection, massive haemorrhage and necrosis were excluded from the study. Gross appearance and microscopic pathology were noted and results were analysed. RESULTS In this study, 148 specimens were included. Age range was from 20 years to 65 years. Histopathological examination revealed that 58.25 % of myometrial lesions were present in the age group of 41 to 50 years followed by age group of 31 to 40 years. Histopathological examination done showed the following diagnosis in patients - leiomyoma (85.13 %), adenomyosis (8.79 %) and leiomyoma with adenomyosis (6.08 %). CONCLUSIONS The commonest histopathological lesion in myometrium was leiomyoma (85.13 %) followed by adenomyosis (8.79 %). It is mandatory to examine the hysterectomy specimens adequately to diagnose myometrial lesions. KEYWORDS Myometrium, Leiomyoma, Adenomyosis

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Frequency of Discordance of Diagnosis of Lymphoma by Histopathology alone versus Combined Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry

Haematology Journal of Bangladesh ◽

10.37545/haematoljbd20174 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

pp. 2-4

Author(s):

Mohammed Ali ◽

A K M Mynul Islam ◽

Salina Haque ◽

Md. Kamrul Hasan ◽

Md. Hafizur Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Critical Issue ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Suspected Case ◽

Financial Constraint ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Appropriate Therapy

Background: Diagnosis of lymphoma is a critical issue in Bangladesh and still we have to rely on histopathology reports as limited number of centres doing immunohistochemistry (IHC) with panel of incomplete markers. Previously in most of the cases of lymphomas, IHC was not done due to financial constraint and lack of facilities. But IHC is essential for categorization according to WHO classification 2008, through which we can optimize appropriate therapy and predict outcome. Objective: To evaluate the discordance of diagnosis of lymphoma by combined histopathology and immunohistochemistry, and histopathology alone. Methodology: This is a comparative cross-sectional study of diagnoses of lymphoma by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in combination with histopathology of paraffin embedded tissue blocks with histopathology alone of suspected cases of lymphoma treated in the department of Haematology of National Institute of Cancer Research and Hospital (NICR&H) from May 2016 to November 2016. Preliminary histopathological examination was done on tissue biopsy in suspected case of lymphoma and subsequently IHC was done to know the discordance of initial diagnosis with final diagnosis after combined histopathology and IHC. Results: Out of 68 patients 57 (83.8%) were diagnosed as lymphoma on the basis of histopathology alone, among which 41 (60.3%) cases were diagnosed as Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) and 16 (23.5%) cases as Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL).After combined histopathology and IHC 61 (89.7%) cases were confirmed as lymphoma of which 50 (73.5%0 were NHL and 11 (16.2%) were HL. Discordance of diagnosis was found in 18 (27%) cases between the two methods of diagnosis. Conclusion: Subjective variation in the accuracy of diagnosis of lymphoma on the basis of histopathology alone may occur. Inclusion of IHC with histopathology improves the accuracy of diagnosis of lymphoma.

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Outcome of surgery in different Parotid Neoplasms

Bangladesh Journal of Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.3329/bjo.v20i2.22023 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 80-86

Author(s):

Kazi Shameemus Salam ◽

Belayat Hossain Siddiquee ◽

Md Mosleh Uddin ◽

Syed Farhan Ali Razib ◽

Ashim Kumar Biswas

Keyword(s):

Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Malignant Tumour ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parotid Tumour ◽

Parotid Neoplasms ◽

Outcome Of Surgery

Objective: To determine outcome of surgery in different parotid neoplasms. Study design: Cross sectional study from August 2010 to July 2014. Settings: Department of Otolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Method: 60 postoperative patients of different parotid neoplasms were included in this study. 33 were males and 27 were females between 21 years to 80 years who were treated between August 2010 to July 2014. The study based on history, clinical examinations, radiological, laboratory, cytology reports and histopathological examination. Results: Majority of the patients were within 41 to 70 years of age. Frequency of benign tumour were more in 4th and 5th decade 42(87.5%) and malignant tumour in 5th and 6th decade 8(66.7%). Common presenting features were pain 8(66.7%), skin involvement 3(25.0%), facial nerve palsy 3(25.0%), metastatic neck nodes 3(25.0%) in malignant cases. In benign cases 45(93.7%) were pleomorphic adenoma, 3(6.25%) Warthins tumour. In malignant cases mucoepidermoid carcinoma were 7(58.3%), adenoid cystic carcinoma 3(25.0%). In benign parotid tumour, superficial parotidectomy were done in 45(93.75%) and total conservative parotidectomy 3(6.25%). In malignant tumour total conservative parotidectomy were done 5(41.7%), total radical parotidectomy done 4(33.3%), extended radical parotidectomy 3(25%). Histopathological study showed 45(93.75%) were in pleomorphic adenoma, 7(58.3%) mucoepidemoid carcinoma. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v20i2.22023 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2014; 20(2): 80-86

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A Computerized Coding System for Processing Basic Histopathological Changes – Application to Vascular Pathology

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1635460 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 25 (03) ◽

pp. 139-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Mauriello ◽

Y. Sambuy ◽

E. Bonanno ◽

A. Orlandi ◽

G. Palmieri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vascular Wall ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Vascular Pathology ◽

Histopathological Study ◽

Coding System ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Histological Changes ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

Computer Based ◽

Sufficient Space

SummaryAmong the numerous existing computer-based systems for processing pathological data, none contains sufficient space for encoding data on the basic cytological or histological changes of a certain organ or tissue, upon which the final diagnosis is based.An “analytical record” was constructed listing all the basic changes that can be encountered in the various pathological conditions of the vascular wall. The data collected on the “analytical record” were coded by means of an alphanumeric code and stored in an Apple II 48 K minicomputer.The advantages of this system include the computerization of the data by non-specialized personnel and the possibility to’ quantitatively analyze the histocytopathological parameters used for diagnosis in vascular pathology. This coding system may easily be adapted, with minor modifications, to the histopathological study of other organs and tissues.

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