Journal of Skin and Stem Cell
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TOTAL DOCUMENTS

171
(FIVE YEARS 82)

H-INDEX

4
(FIVE YEARS 1)

Published By Kowsar Medical Institute

2423-7086

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Upender Malik ◽  
Shilpa Dutta Malik ◽  
Chhavi Srivastava

: The reactivated form of the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is responsible for chickenpox, known as herpes zoster (HZ). Although it is a self-limiting infection, it presents debilitating and painful mucosal and dermal vesicular eruptions. Early identification and management are vital to curbing the spread of HZ infection. In this extensive review, we present an overview of HZ, including its structure, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, complications, investigations, and management. Our review also highlights the prophylaxis and treatment of complications manifested by the VZV.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsubame-Yan Nishikai-Shen ◽  
Rica Tanaka

Context: Keloid scars are disfiguring lesions (ie, reddish-brown bulges on the skin surface) formed after a minor injury or surgical invasion. They lead to severe itching or pain, thereby causing physical and psychological distress in patients. Evidence Acquisition: Scholarly databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were searched for relevant articles using keywords such as “keloids,” “endothelial progenitor cells” (EPCs), and “CD34-positive cells.” Results: Keloid scars are classified as an intractable disease; their cause is unknown, and there is no specific therapy. Their pathogenic effects on inflammation around wounds and fibroblasts have been extensively studied. However, details regarding their onset mechanism and definitive factors that contribute to their formation have not yet been elucidated. Adult stem cell therapy, especially regenerative therapy aimed at recovering tissue structure and function, has been extensively studied globally. In our recently published study, we identified an association between keloid scar development and EPCs. However, there is still no systematic review in this regard. Conclusions: This paper provides information on preventing keloids and further understanding the cause of this disease by reviewing previous studies on the association between keloids and EPCs.


2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nopriyati Nopriyati ◽  
Sarah Diba ◽  
Athuf Thaha ◽  
Rusmawardiana Rusmawardiana ◽  
Inda Astri Aryani ◽  
...  

Introduction: Linear IgA dermatosis is a rare autoimmune vesiculobullous disease characterized by homogeneous linear IgA deposits in basement membrane of epidermis, and it can be idiopathic or drug-induced. The pathogenesis of drug-induced linear IgA dermatosis is not fully known yet, but it is associated with specific T cells. The clinical manifestations of the disease include vesiculobullous eruption, erythematous plaques, or string of pearls. Most cases still need additional therapy to avoid the expansion of the disease. Case Presentation: In this study, we present a 17-year-old male patient with erythema plaques, vesicles, and bullae with erosion in facial, oral, neck, trunk, genital, and extremities, pruritus, and burning sensation. The patient was undergoing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) treatment for one week. Physical examination was done, and total BSA 10% and negative Asboe-Hansen sign were seen. The treatment consisted of delaying administration of TB drugs, desoximetasone cream 0.25%, cetirizine 10 mg, and aspiration of bullae. Conclusions: Drug-induced linear IgA dermatosis can occur at any age due to the administration of rifampicin and other antibiotics, angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The drug can stimulate specific T cells that release Th2 cytokines to produce IgA antibodies against the basement membrane of epidermis. Drugs may cause an autoimmune response by cross-reaction with the target epitope, altering the conformation of epitopes, or exposing previously sequestered antigens to the immune system. The causative drug was stopped, and methyl prednisolone 0.5 - 1 mg/kg/day was given as initial therapy. In this study, we reported a rare case of a 17-year-old male with anti-TB drug-induced linear IgA dermatosis. Diagnosis was done based on clinical manifestation, histopathology, and immunofluorescence. The causative drug was stopped, the patient was given topical and systemic steroid therapy and drug desensitization. Remission was noted after six weeks of therapy, and oral steroid was slowly tapered and stopped on day 42. After stopping oral steroids, no lesions were reported. A 6-month follow-up revealed no signs of recurrence.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasudha Abhijit Belgaumkar ◽  
Bitukaur Sodhi ◽  
Pallavi Prataprao Patil ◽  
Neelam Bhatt

Background: India contributes to approximately 60% of the global leprosy burden despite declaring elimination in 2005. Leprosy is associated with typical deformities and disabilities, imposing a huge burden on the society’s mental health and economy. More than three million people in India are estimated to suffer from leprosy-related disabilities with the potential for profound social stigma and discrimination. Objectives: This study attempts to document the socio-demographic profile of leprosy patients visiting a public tertiary hospital in Pune to analyze the impact on different domains of the individual’s health and determine the contributory factors thereof. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted among 60 patients with leprosy using the WHOQoL-Bref and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Medical records of the patients were also scrutinized. Results: Most patients (40%) were aged between 31 - 40 years with an equal gender distribution, and 63% belonged to MKS Class 4. According to the WHO QoL Bref, 56.66% of the patients had an overall mean score of less than 50, indicating a poor quality of life with the psychological domain being the most-affected, while the DLQI demonstrated that leprosy had a “very large effect” on the quality of life. The determinants that contributed to deteriorated quality of life were female gender, low socioeconomic status, delayed diagnosis and treatment initiation, multibacillary forms, reactional episodes (particularly Type 2), disability grade (visible impairment), and self- perceived stigma. Conclusions: Leprosy continues to adversely affect the quality of life even a decade after its official elimination. There was good an overall concordance between the WHO QOL-Bref and DLQI questionnaires.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Wu Shun Wong ◽  
Chengzhi Li

: Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia is a premalignant skin lesion of the vulva that often presents with severe vulvar pruritus, pain, and psychosexual disorders. The technology of non-invasive focused ultrasound surgery has improved over the years. Today its potential to treat these irritating diseases noninvasively is a relatively new area of clinical research interest. Increasing studies in China revealed that FUS treatment is effective and safe. This paper describes the preparation, technique, postoperative care, and results of this focused ultrasound surgery for treating vulvar non-neoplastic epithelial disease. Therefore it could be a future alternative treatment for benign vulvar diseases, replacing many invasive surgical treatments.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neelima Bansal ◽  
Ravindranath Brahmadeo Chavan ◽  
Vasudha Abhijit Belgaumkar

Background: Nail abnormalities comprise a significant proportion of dermatological disorders. Nail is a window that provides vital clues for any underlying, dermatological, and systemic diseases. Any cutaneous assessment is incomplete without examining nails despite which it is a fairly neglected appendage. Objectives: This study was carried out to document the clinical pattern, determine the etiology, and identify risk factors for various nail changes. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 200 consecutive patients presenting with nail changes to the outpatient department of dermatology and venereal diseases of a tertiary care hospital. The patients were enrolled after obtaining informed consent. A case record form was designed for every patient, including demographic data, nail characteristics, associated dermatological and systemic disease, and investigation details. Results: The mean age of the patients was 37.98 ± 16.79 years with a male preponderance. Occupation (housewife and manual laborer) was observed to be a significant risk factor (P < 0.001) for onychomycosis. The chief complaint related to nails was cosmetic in 49.5% of the cases. Etiology-wise nail changes secondary to dermatological diseases (44%) were the most common, followed by infections (36%); however, among dermatological diseases, psoriasis (42.2%) followed by lichen planus (16.6%) predominated. Although nail pitting was noticed in various conditions, there was a significant association between nail pitting and psoriasis (P < 0.001). Onychomycosis showed a significant association (P < 0.001) with nail discoloration and onycholysis. Distal lateral subungual onychomycosis (61.4%) was the most frequently observed pattern; nevertheless, the most common causative agent was dermatophyte Trichophyton rubrum (58.26%). A nail biopsy was performed on 15 cases, with conclusive findings in 12 patients. Conclusions: Nails should be considered an integral part of the complete dermatological evaluation. The meticulous examination of nails facilitates the early diagnosis of hitherto undetected cutaneous/systemic disease. The nail unit deserves greater attention for better understanding and utilization as a diagnostic tool.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Martos-Cabrera ◽  
Alberto Calvo-Garcia ◽  
Beatriz Butron-Bris ◽  
Ana Reymundo ◽  
C. Santamaria ◽  
...  

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease in which lifelong treatment is required. Recently, we faced COVID-19 pandemic where adherence to a prescribed drug could have been affected. Objectives: We conduct a study to assess this statement. Methods: The study was performed in Dermatology Department with Pharmacy database in the Hospital Universitario de La Princesa. A retrospective observational database study was performed, including all psoriatic patients with a biological therapy prescription between March 13 and May 31, 2020, with a paired control group between March 13 and May 31, 2019. Medication possession ratio (MPR) was used to determine the adherence. Results: A total of 244 patients were included in the cohort and 228 in the control group. We observed a decrease in the percentage of adherent patients of 40.0% in COVID-19 period. Overall, MPR was lower in the 2020 period than in 2019. MPRs by treatment and drug family, with the exception of etanercept, certolizumab pegol, and guselkumab, were significantly lower between the 2019 and the 2020 period. Conclusions: Adherence to a prescribed drug can be affected by different factors such as age, sex, income quintile, or stress. We have demonstrated a deep impact on adherence because of the situation created by COVID-19 pandemic. These data are in contrast with previously reported results where adherence was slightly affected, probably due to the different epidemiological situation in different countries. Further efforts are needed to be done to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic influence on the therapeutic adherence.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neethu Mary George ◽  
Onnarayil Thomas George

Introduction: Amputation can disturb the quality of life, and it can be worsened when the amputated stump suffers from any dermatoses. It is mandatory for an amputee and the doctor to know about the common dermatoses that an amputated limb can suffer from. The prosthesis should be properly fitting, and hygiene has to be maintained. Case Presentation: A 49-year-old male presented with a warty lesion over the amputated limb. Histopathological examination revealed verrucous hyperplasia, and further examination showed improperly fitted prosthesis. A well-fitted prosthesis with proper padding cured his lesion. Conclusions: The case report highlights how a properly fitted prosthesis corrects the lymphatic flow and thereby reduces complications. It is also important to maintain stump hygiene, as the humid, relatively anaerobic environment inside the prosthesis can trigger the growth of various organisms.


2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Darjani ◽  
Hojat Eftekhari ◽  
Seyedeh Rojin Amini Rad ◽  
Narges Alizadeh ◽  
Rana Rafiee ◽  
...  

Background: Skin diseases are the fourth most common cause of human illness, and blisters with different clinical manifestations make a diagnostic challenge. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and causes of subepidermal gaps or blisters, as well as the compliance rate between the initial and final clinical diagnoses based on pathology reports. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, pathology reports of subepidermal blisters or gaps were evaluated in the patients referred to the Razi Laboratory of Rasht from 2015 to 2019. The samples were examined by a pathologist after hematoxylin and eosin staining. The reports included demographic information, clinical differential diagnoses, final diagnosis, direct immunofluorescence findings, and salt split results. Finally, the compliance rate of clinical diagnosis with pathology reports was determined. Results: A total of 183 pathology reports were evaluated, 170 of which contained the final diagnosis. Females were more frequently affected by the disease, and pemphigoid bolus and lichen planus were the most prevalent final diagnoses. The compliance rate between the initial and final diagnoses was 94%. About 37.2% of the reports lacked direct immunofluorescence (DIF) and salt split, and only 42.6% of the samples had undergone DIF examination, while 20.2% had both DIF and salt split. There was no significant association between the compliance rate of the final diagnosis with age, sex, and undergoing diagnostic tests. Conclusions: A high incidence of subepidermal gaps or blisters was seen in middle-aged individuals and females. The compliance rate of the initial clinical diagnosis with the final diagnosis based on pathological reports was high. Our findings emphasize the importance of histopathological examination and the complementary role of direct immunofluorescence and salt split in diagnosis.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit S. Kerure ◽  
Nitika S. Deshmukh ◽  
Satish Udare
Keyword(s):  


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