scholarly journals EP21 An observational study of the predictors of osteoporosis in men

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kyrtata ◽  
Kristen Davies ◽  
Arvind Nune ◽  
Marwan Bukhari

Abstract Background Osteoporosis is under-recognised and under-treated in men. Previous studies and stratification tools have been limited in their generalisability and while predictors of poor bone density in men have been characterised, evidence has been contradictory. The purpose of this study is to investigate these predictors in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in men. Methods Data were collected from 3,901 men referred for DEXA scanning to the Royal Lancaster Infirmary, between 2004 and 2010. BMD was measured in the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Simple and multiple regression models were fitted to each measurement site, using each of the known predictors for poor bone health. The Variance Inflation Factor was used to quantify the severity of multicollinearity and the Akaike Information Criterion was employed to select co-variates. Results The following predictors had a significant effect in both measurement sites: age; height; weight; Body Mass Index (BMI); X-ray evidence of osteopenia; and previous fracture(s). Body fat percentage had a significant effect at the lumbar spine only, and tobacco use had a significant effect at the femoral neck only. The adjusted R squared values for the models ranged from 0.16 for the lumbar spine model, to 0.28 for the femoral neck model. Conclusion This study demonstrated that further work is needed in assessing the predictors of OP in men. This would open up an interesting observation in clinical practice and provide an opportunity for risk prediction and primary prevention of OP in men, reducing fracture risk. Future studies should include randomised samples and propensity score matching. Disclosures N. Kyrtata None. K. Davies None. A. Nune None. M. Bukhari None.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Ghanbari ◽  
Behzad Baradaran ◽  
Hamed Ahmadi ◽  
Maryam Ahmadi

Abstract Background: Within six months of the COVID-19 outbreak, 350279 people were infected, and 20125 people died of COVID-19 in Iran. There is an urgent need to find the most accurate effective indicators on this disease's outbreak in order to control and predict. Methods: We examined the effect of 36 demographic, economic, environmental, health infrastructure, social, and topographic independent variables on the COVID-19 infection and mortality rates using the ordinary least squares (OLS) model in ArcGIS 10.5. Regarding adjusted R-squared>0/7, we selected 20 variables for COVID-19 infection rate and 16 variables for the mortality rate. The collinearity problem between the selected variables resolved after using the variance inflation factor (VIF). Then, we performed the OLS and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models in ArcGIS 10.5.Results: Having a large number of men, having a large population, lack of specialist doctors, lack of hospital, having a large urban population, having a large number of people aged 65 and over or older individuals, and high natural mortality rate had the most prominent impact on the COVID-19 infection increasing rate. Also, lack of ICU beds, low number of insured people, lack of subspecialist physicians, and lack of hospital beds had the most prominent impact on increasing of COVID-19 mortality. Then the variables with VIF above 7.5 were removed and finally, high incoming immigrants rate and lack of nurses were identified as two independent variables to predict COVID-19 infection rate. In addition, high incoming immigrants rate and high number of doctor consultation were recognized as two variables to predict mortality rate due to COVID-19. The results of the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and adj.R2 showed that both models were appropriate for these analyses.Conclusions: Based on our results, there would be a considerable increase in COVID-19 infection in Kerman, Esfahan, and Kermanshah provinces. In addition, there would be a remarkable decrease in COVID-19 infection in Khuzestan, Lorestan, Azarbayjan Shargi, and Tehran provinces. Regarding COVID-19 mortality, there would be a substantial rise in Fars and Khorasan Razavi provinces. Moreover, our analyses predicted a considerable diminish in COVID-19 mortality in Tehran, Ardebil, Zanjan, Gilan, Golestan, Lorestan, Khuzestan, Bushehr, and Hormozgan provinces.


2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1830.1-1830
Author(s):  
C. Caffarelli ◽  
G. Adami ◽  
G. Arioli ◽  
G. Bianchi ◽  
M. L. Brandi ◽  
...  

Background:The monitoring of bone mineral density (BMD) is a key aspect for patients undergoing pharmacological treatments that might cause BMD changes at non-physiological rates. At present, the short-term follow-up of patients under treatment in terms of BMD change with time remains an unmet clinical need, since the current techniques, including the gold standard dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), require at least 1 year between two consecutive measurements [1]. Therefore, an effective strategy for the assessment of BMD should guarantee high accuracy, precision and repeatability of the measurements.Objectives:The aim is to assess the influence of the variation 1) in patient position, 2) operator (both intra- and inter-) and 3) device on the REMS performance at lumbar spine and femoral neck.Methods:210 women were enrolled, divided in 7 groups of 30-patient each for the assessment of the parameters of interest, i.e. inter-device, intra- and inter-operator repeatability for lumbar spine scans and inter-patient position, inter-device, intra- and inter-operator repeatability for femoral neck scans.All patients underwent 2 REMS scans at lumbar spine or femoral neck, performed by the same operator or by 2 different operators or by the same operator using 2 different devices or in different patient position (i.e. supine without constraints or with a constrained 25°-rotation of the leg). The percentage coefficient of variation (CV%) with 95% confidence interval and least significant change for a 95% confidence level (LSC) have been calculated.Results:For lumbar spine, intra-operator repeatability resulted in CV%=0.37% (95%CI: 0.26%-0.48%), with LSC=1.02%, inter-operator repeatability resulted in CV%=0.55% (95% CI: 0.42%-0.68%), with LSC=1.52%, inter-device repeatability resulted in CV%=0.53% (95% CI: 0.40%-0.66%), with LSC=1.47%.For femoral neck, intra-operator repeatability resulted in CV%=0.33% (95%CI: 0.23%-0.43%), with LSC=0.91%, inter-operator repeatability resulted in CV%=0.47% (95% CI: 0.35%-0.59%), with LSC=1.30%, inter-device repeatability resulted in CV%=0.42% (95% CI: 0.30%-0.51%), with LSC=1.16%, inter-patient position repeatability resulted in CV%=0.24% (95% CI: 0.18%-0.30%), with LSC=0.66%.Conclusion:REMS densitometry is highly precise for both anatomical sites, showing high performance in repeatability. These results suggest that REMS might be a suitable technology for short-term monitoring. Moreover, thanks to its ionizing radiation-free approach, it might be applied for population mass investigations and prevention programs also in paediatric patients and pregnant women.References:Note:Carla Caffarelli, Giovanni Adami§, Giovanni Arioli§, Gerolamo Bianchi§, Maria Luisa Brandi§, Sergio Casciaro§, Luisella Cianferotti§, Delia Ciardo§, Francesco Conversano§, Davide Gatti§, Giuseppe Girasole§, Monica Manfredini§, Maurizio Muratore§, Paola Pisani§, Eugenio Quarta§, Laura Quarta§, Stefano Gonnelli§Equal contributors listed in alphabetical orderDisclosure of Interests:Carla Caffarelli: None declared, Giovanni Adami: None declared, Giovanni Arioli *: None declared, Gerolamo Bianchi Grant/research support from: Celgene, Consultant of: Amgen, Janssen, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Abiogen, Alfa-Sigma, Amgen, BMS, Celgene, Chiesi, Eli Lilly, GSK, Janssen, Medac, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Servier, UCB, Maria Luisa Brandi: None declared, Sergio Casciaro: None declared, Luisella Cianferotti: None declared, Delia Ciardo: None declared, Francesco Conversano: None declared, Davide Gatti Speakers bureau: Davide Gatti reports personal fees from Abiogen, Amgen, Janssen-Cilag, Mundipharma, outside the submitted work., Giuseppe Girasole: None declared, Monica Manfedini: None declared, Maurizio Muratore: None declared, Paola Pisani: None declared, Eugenio Quarta: None declared, Laura Quarta: None declared, Stefano Gonnelli: None declared


2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1757.2-1757
Author(s):  
T. Raskina ◽  
I. Grigoreva ◽  
J. Averkieva ◽  
A. Kokov ◽  
V. Masenko

Objectives:To examine bone mineral density (BMD) in men with coronary heart disease (CHD), depending on the state of the muscle mass, strength and function.Methods:79 men aged over 50 years with verified CHD were examined (mean age 63 (57; 66) years).The BMD and T-criterion (standart deviation, SD) of the femoral neck and lumbar spine (L1-L4) were evaluated using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on the Lunar Prodigy Primo bone densitometer (USA). The following reference intervals were used: normal BMD values (T-criterion ≥-1), osteopenia (OPe) (T-criterion from -1 to -2.5), and osteoporosis (OP) (T-criterion <-2.5).To assess muscle mass, the total area (cm2) of the lumbar muscles of the axial section at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) was determined using multispiral computed tomography on a 64-slice computer tomograph “Somatom Sensation 64” (Siemens AG Medical Solution, Germany). The ratio of the obtained index of the area of skeletal muscle to the square of the patient’s growth index determined the “ skeletalmuscular index L3” (SMI). The media considered the threshold value to be 52.4 cm2/m2.Results:The femoral neck BMD in the examined patients was 0.96 (0.89; 1.03) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-1.00; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine -1.23 (1.11; 1.32) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.50; 1.20) SD according to the T-criterion.In accordance with the recommendations of the European working group on sarcopenia in Older people (EWGSOP, 2010, 2018), the patients were divided into 3 groups: 31 patients without sarcopenia (group 1), 21 patients with isolated muscle loss (presarcopenia) (group 2) and 27 patients with sarcopenia (group 3).BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients without sarcopenia was 0.96 (0.72; 1.26) g/cm2, which corresponds to -0.50 (-0.8; 0.2) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.19 (1.10; 1.275) g/cm2and 0.1 (-0.6; 0.8) SD according to the T-criterion. BMD in the femoral neck in the group of patients with presarcopenia (group 2) – 0.995 (0.94; 1.04) g/cm2and -0.3 (-0.70; 0) SD according to the T-criterion, in the lumbar spine – 1.32 (1.24; 1.40) g/cm2and 1.20 (0.50; 1.90) SD according to the T-criterion. In patients with established sarcopenia (group 3), the following indicators of BMD and T-criterion were recorded: 0.95 (0.845; 0.98) g/cm2and -0.60 (-1.40; -0.40) SD and 1.23 (0.085; 1.31) g/cm2and 0.4 (-0.8; 1.1) SD in the femoral neck and lumbar spine, respectively.A comparative analysis of the results of the DXA found that patients with sarcopenia had a significant decrease in the BMD and T-criterion in the femoral neck compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.039 and p=0.040, respectively). There were no differences between the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with sarcopenia and presarcopenia (p>0.05).It was found that patients with sarcopenia had significantly lower BMD and T-criterion in the lumbar spine compared to patients with presarcopenia (p=0.017 and p=0.0165, respectively). The values of the BMD and T-criterion in the groups of patients without sarcopenia and with presarcopenia and sarcopenia in the lumbar spine were comparable (p>0.05).Conclusion:The presence of sarcopenia is associated with loss of BMD in the femoral neck and in the lumbar spine. The results obtained confirm the high probability of common pathogenetic links between OP and sarcopenia.Disclosure of Interests:None declared


2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 836.1-836
Author(s):  
N. Grygorieva ◽  
V. Povoroznyuk

Background:Nowadays, FRAX is the most useful tool for osteoporotic fracture risk assessment that is included in many guidelines. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and glucocorticoid (CG) use are two crucial factors for osteoporotic fractures included in FRAX algorithm. According to the last ACR guidelines for the treatment of GC-induced osteoporosis [1], it was recommended to divide the patients into three groups of fracture risk (high, medium and low) that have a great impact on treatment decision. Recently, we received own Ukrainian thresholds [2] for the national version of FRAX that are age-dependent and now widely used in clinical practice.Objectives:Our study was aimed to compare two approaches (ACR-2017 and Ukrainian (2019) recommendations) in fracture risk assessment in women with RA and GC use.Methods:We examined 195 females with RA aged 40-89 years old who took GC (at dose ≥5 mg/d for ≥3 months) due to RA. The 10-year probabilities of major osteoporotic (MOFs) and hip fractures (HFs) were calculated with and without bone mineral density (BMD) using the Ukrainian FRAX model [3]. The DXA was used to measure the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total body BMDs; T and Z scores were calculated (DISCOVERY Wi, Hologic, Inc., USA).Results:FRAX indexes for MOFs and HFs without BMD in patients with RA and GC were (Me [25-75Q]) 12.0 [8.1-18.0] and 4.2 [1.7-7.2] %. The correspondent FRAX indexes with BMD were 13.5 [8.5-20.0] and 5.1 [1.8-8.7] %.50 % of examined women had previous fractures and 20 % had previous vertebral fractures. BMD of the femoral neck consisted of 0.62±0.13 and L1-L4 BMD was 0.85±0.15 g/cm2. 89 % of females had low BMD at the lumbar spine and / or femoral neck (49 % osteoporosis and 40 % osteopenia).61 % of women required antiosteoporotic treatment according to ACR-2017 guideline (17.4 % of them a hadhigh risk of MOF and 43.1 % moderate one) without BMD measurement and 64 % of subjects after DXA scan.According to Ukrainian national guideline, 57 % of patients required antiosteoporotic treatment without BMD measurement and 42 % – after additional DXA examination. After BMD measurement in subjects who required the DXA scan, 78.2 % of females with RA and GC use required antiosteoporotic treatment (additionally to calcium and vitamin D, lifestyle modifications).Conclusion:Approximately 60 % of subjects with RA and GC use required antiosteoporotic treatment without additional DXA measurement according to correspondent FRAX indexes from both guidelines. The proportion of women requiring treatment after DXA scan is slightly higher according to Ukrainian recommendations. It proves that both of them can be used effectively in daily clinical practice for fracture risk assessment in females with RA.References:[1]Buckley L, Guyatt G, Fink HA, Cannon M et al. 2017 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the prevention and treatment of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Arthritis & Rheumatology, 2017;69(8), 1521–1537. DOI:10.1002/art.40137[2]Povoroznyuk V, Grygorieva N, Kanis JA et al. Ukrainian FRAX: criteria for diagnostics and treatment of osteoporosis. Pain. Joint. Spine. 2019;9(4):7-16. DOI: 10.22141/2224-1507.9.4.2019.191921[3]Povoroznyuk VV, Grygorieva NV, Kanis JA et al. Epidemiology of hip fracture and the development of FRAX in Ukraine. Arch Osteoporos. 2017;12(1):53. DOI: 10.1007/s11657-017-0343-2.Disclosure of Interests:Nataliia Grygorieva Consultant of: Servier, Redis, Vladyslav Povoroznyuk: None declared.


2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashiro Ohyama ◽  
Yoshichika Kubo ◽  
Hiroo Iwata ◽  
Waro Taki

Object. An interbody fusion cage has been introduced for cervical anterior interbody fusion. Autogenetic bone is packed into the cage to increase the rate of union between adjacent vertebral bodies. Thus, donor site—related complications can still occur. In this study a synthetic ceramic, β—tricalcium phosphate (TCP), was examined as a substitute for autograft bone in a canine lumbar spine model. Methods. In 12 dogs L-1 to L-4 vertebrae were exposed via a posterolateral approach, and discectomy and placement of interbody fusion cages were performed at two intervertebral disc spaces. One cage was filled with autograft (Group A) and the other with TCP (Group B). The lumbar spine was excised at 16 weeks postsurgery, and biomechanical, microradiographic, and histological examinations were performed. Both the microradiographic and histological examinations revealed that fusion occurred in five (41.7%) of 12 operations performed in Group A and in six (50%) of 12 operations performed in Group B. The mean percentage of trabecular bone area in the cages was 54.6% in Group A and 53.8% in Group B. There were no significant intergroup differences in functional unit stiffness. Conclusions. Good histological and biomechanical results were obtained for TCP-filled interbody fusion cages. The results were comparable with those obtained using autograft-filled cages, suggesting that there is no need to harvest iliac bone or to use allo- or xenografts to increase the interlocking strength between the cage and vertebral bone to achieve anterior cervical interbody fusion.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefana Catalina Bilha ◽  
Letitia Leustean ◽  
Cristina Preda ◽  
Dumitru D. Branisteanu ◽  
Laura Mihalache ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Despite the increased fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) is variable in type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes mellitus. We aimed at comparing independent BMD predictors in T1D, T2D and control subjects, respectively. Methods Cross-sectional case-control study enrolling 30 T1D, 39 T2D and 69 age, sex and body mass index (BMI) – matched controls that underwent clinical examination, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (BMD at the lumbar spine and femoral neck) and serum determination of HbA1c and parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism. Results T2D patients had similar BMD compared to T1D individuals (after adjusting for age, BMI and disease duration) and to matched controls, respectively. In multiple regression analysis, diabetes duration – but not HbA1c- negatively predicted femoral neck BMD in T1D (β= -0.39, p = 0.014), while BMI was a positive predictor for lumbar spine (β = 0.46, p = 0.006) and femoral neck BMD (β = 0.44, p = 0.007) in T2D, besides gender influence. Age negatively predicted BMD in controls, but not in patients with diabetes. Conclusions Long-standing diabetes and female gender particularly increase the risk for low bone mass in T1D. An increased body weight partially hinders BMD loss in T2D. The impact of age appears to be surpassed by that of other bone regulating factors in both T1D and T2D patients.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serap Zengin Karahan ◽  
Cavit Boz ◽  
Sevgi Kilic ◽  
Nuray Can Usta ◽  
Mehmet Ozmenoglu ◽  
...  

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has been associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD). The purpose of this study was to determine the possible factors affecting BMD in patients with MS. We included consecutive 155 patients with MS and 90 age- and sex-matched control subjects. Patients with MS exhibited significantly lowerT-scores andZ-scores in the femoral neck and trochanter compared to the controls. Ninety-four (61%) patients had reduced bone mass in either the lumbar spine or the femoral neck; of these, 64 (41.3%) had osteopenia and 30 (19.4%) had osteoporosis. The main factors affecting BMD were disability, duration of MS, and smoking. There was a negative relationship between femoral BMD and EDSS and disease duration. No association with lumbar BMD was determined. There were no correlations between BMD at any anatomic region and cumulative corticosteroid dose. BMD is significantly lower in patients with MS than in healthy controls. Reduced BMD in MS is mainly associated with disability and duration of the disease. Short courses of high dose steroid therapy did not result in an obvious negative impact on BMD in the lumbar spine and femoral neck in patients with MS.


2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 610.1-611
Author(s):  
B. Touil ◽  
H. Azzouzi ◽  
O. Lamkhanat ◽  
F. Chennouf ◽  
I. Linda

Background:Bone is a target in many inflammatory rheumatic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It has been supposed that an atherogenic lipid profile could be associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) and vertebral fractures (VF).Objectives:We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the lipid profile, BMD and the presence of VF in RA patients.Methods:A cross sectional study was conducted in a population of 169 established RA. In each subject we evaluated the body mass index (BMI), tobacco use, alcohol consumption, presence of diabetes and high blood pression, lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglycerides (TG), and VF. RA characteristics were also assessed (disease duration, disease activity score (DAS), auto antibodies, corticosteroid intake, and secondary sjogren’s syndrome). BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in lumbar spine and femoral neck. Logistic and linear regression were performed with SPSS 20, both BMD and VF were assessed as dependent variables.Results:The mean age was 55.5±11.9 years, with a female predominance (152 women). The average BMI was 26.79 ± 5.36. We had 24.3 % of hypertensive patients and 16.6 % of diabetics. The average lipid concentrations were 4.39±1 mmol/L for TC, 1.293±0.36 mmol/L for HDLc, 2.74±0.80 mmol/L for LDLc and 1.25±0.62 mmol/L for TG. At the linear regression there was no correlation between plasma lipid concentrations and BMD, whether at the lumbar spine or the femoral neck. However we found a significant correlation between VF and high TC concentrations (p=0.043, OR: 2.864, 95% IC [1.036-7.922]). At the multivariate regression, high TC levels were still associated with VF, adjusted in BMI, age and the duration of corticosteroid use (p=0.006, OR: 6.07, 95% CI[1.69- 21.77]). The same finding was observed between high concentrations of HDLc and the prevalence of VF adjusted in the same variables (p=0.006, OR: 197.01, 95% CI [4.64-8363.51]).Conclusion:Although there was no relation between lipid plasma levels and BMD in our population. There was a significant association between high concentrations of TC, HDLc and the prevalence of VF.Disclosure of Interests:None declared


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriely S. Folli ◽  
Márcia H.C. Nascimento ◽  
Ellisson H. de Paulo ◽  
Pedro H.P. da Cunha ◽  
Wanderson Romão ◽  
...  

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