scholarly journals 1099 Sleep Restriction Leads To Greater Next-day Anxiety: The Moderating Role Of Anxiety And Depression

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A418-A418
Author(s):  
C A Bean ◽  
J A Ciesla
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Anxious Arousal ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
General Distress ◽  
Diary Studies ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Anhedonic Depression

Abstract Introduction Evidence from both experimental and daily-diary studies suggests that a single night of sleep restriction leads to higher levels of anxiety the following day. Depressive symptoms also increase the next day in healthy populations, although sleep restriction has demonstrated short-term antidepressant properties in depressed populations. Relatively little research has examined symptoms of anxiety and depression separately on days following naturally-occurring sleep restriction and whether any change from the previous day might be moderated by baseline levels of anxiety or depression. Methods Undergraduates completed electronic daily diaries twice per day for 14 days (N = 96). Upon waking, participants answered questions assessing their sleep, and every evening, before going to bed, completed the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire - Short Form to assess daily levels of general distress, anxious arousal, and anhedonic depression. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - State and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale provided baseline measures of anxiety and depression, respectively. A night of sleep restriction was operationally defined as one for which participants reported obtaining 4 hours of sleep or less. Results Multilevel modeling revealed that anxious arousal was higher following sleep restriction (β =.92, z=2.40, p=.017). This was moderated by baseline anxiety (β =.09, z=2.89, p=.004) and baseline depression (β =.09, z=3.39, p=.001) so that anxious arousal was even higher the next day for individuals reporting a high number of anxious and depressive symptoms. These effects remained significant after controlling for lagged anxious arousal, gender, baseline anxiety and depression, substance use, and napping. Conversely, no significant results were found when next-day general distress or anhedonic depression were examined. Conclusion Our results suggest that naturally-occurring sleep restriction is accompanied by increases in anxiety, but not depressive symptoms, the following day. This effect is heightened in individuals with higher baseline levels of anxiety and depression. Support N/A

Abstract 3664: Comparison of the Short-Form 12 to the Modified Rankin Scale Score at 3 and 12 Months Post Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan T Kleinman ◽  
Ryan W Snider ◽  
Demi Thai ◽  
Haihong Nguyen ◽  
Irina Eyngorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Scale Score ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Modified Rankin Scale ◽  
Physical And Mental Health

Background: The modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) is routinely used to evaluate functional outcome following stroke. The Short Form 12 version 2 (SF-12v2) is a 2 minute physical and mental health survey that measures 8 domains of health and is: widely used, norm-based, and comprehensive. We sought to compare physical component summary (PCS) scores, mental component summary (MCS) scores, and their sub-scores to the mRS scores. Each metric provides unique and relevant health information. Methods: Consecutive ICH patients were prospectively enrolled in the Diagnostic Accuracy of MRI in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (DASH) study. Three month evaluations were done in clinic when possible, while 1-year evaluations were obtained via semi-structured telephone interviews. Responses were adjusted for age and gender based on published data. Physical functioning ([PF] ability to perform activities), limitation in the amount and types of physical activities to the point that less is accomplished than desired (role physical [RP]), mental health ([MH] feelings of anxiety and depression), and PCS scores were compared to the mRS and to each other as they have the highest internal consistency based on published data. Significant depressive symptoms was defined as >10 points (1 standard deviation) below the mean. Results: Seventy-nine ICH patients had the SF12v2 and mRS available for assessment: mean age 59±17 years and ICH volume 22±27cc. Physical functioning at 3 months was correlated with mRS as assessed by: the PCS (R 2 =0.39); PF (R 2 =0.56); and RP (R 2 =0.52). At 12 months the mRS was more correlated with each sub component score and the PCS (R 2 =0.53). Feelings of anxiety and depression were not correlated with either 3 or 12 month mRS (R 2 = 0.06 and 0.15 respectively). At 3 months 6 (14%) patients with a mRS ≤2 had signs of depression and 6 (19%) of patients with mRS 3-4 had signs of depression as assessed by MH. More patients with mRS ≥2 had depressive symptoms (22% vs 4%, p=0.09) at 3 months and at 12 months (14% vs 0%, χ 2 =4.7, p=0.04) compared to those with a mRS of 0-1. Conclusions: The self reported physical components of the SF12v2 have only a fair correlation with the mRS at 3 and 12 months after intracerebral hemorrhage. Feelings of depression do not have a linear relationship with mRS, but a higher proportion of patients with increased mRS have significant depressive symptoms at one year.

Maternal anxiety and depression in pregnancy and DNA methylation of the NR3C1 glucocorticoid receptor gene

Epigenomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra E Dereix ◽  
Rachel Ledyard ◽  
Allyson M Redhunt ◽  
Tessa R Bloomquist ◽  
Kasey JM Brennan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Maternal Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Pregnancy Anxiety ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor Gene ◽  
Island Shore

Aim: To quantify associations of anxiety and depression during pregnancy with differential cord blood DNA methylation of the glucorticoid receptor ( NR3C1). Materials & methods: Pregnancy anxiety, trait anxiety and depressive symptoms were collected using the Pregnancy Related Anxiety Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Index and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, respectively. NR3C1 methylation was determined at four methylation sites. Results: DNA methylation of CpG 1 in the NR3C1 CpG island shore was higher in infants born to women with high pregnancy anxiety (β 2.54, 95% CI: 0.49–4.58) and trait anxiety (β 1.68, 95% CI: 0.14–3.22). No significant association was found between depressive symptoms and NR3C1 methylation. Conclusion: We found that maternal anxiety was associated with increased NR3C1 CpG island shore methylation.

scholarly journals Habilidades de Mindfulness y Cognición Social en la predicción de la sintomatología afectiva en Esquizofrenia, Trastorno Obsesivo-Compulsivo y controles sanos

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel González-Panzano ◽  
Luis Borao ◽  
Paola Herrera-Mercadal ◽  
Daniel Campos ◽  
Yolanda López-del-Hoyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Attributional Style ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mindful Attention Awareness Scale

Abstract: Mindfulness and social cognition skills in the prediction of affective symptomatology in schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and nonclinical participants. The aim of the study was to investigate significant predictors of affective symptomatology in schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and healthy controls. The sample was of 91 participants who completed the following instruments: the Eye Test (emotional recognition), the Hinting Task (theory of mind), the Ambiguous Intentions and Hostility Questionnaire(AIHQ; attributional style), Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI; empathy), the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS; mindfulness trait), the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form(FFMQ-SF), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS). Significant predictors of affective symptomatology were: mindfulness (dispositional or trait mindfulness, nonreactivity and nonjudgment), and social cognition (SC) (attributional style and theory of mind). Mediation analysis showed that theory of mind was the only significant mediator of affective symptomatology. This paper shows the role of mindfulness and SC skills in the prediction of affective symptomatology.Keywords: mindfulness, social cognition, theory of mind, affective symptomatology, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive disorder.Resumen:El objetivo del estudio fue investigar predictores significativos de sintomatología afectiva en Esquizofrenia (EZ), trastorno obsesivo compulsivo (TOC) y controles no clínicos. La muestra fue de 91 participantes que completaron los siguientes instrumentos: Eyes Test (reconocimiento emocional), Hinting Task (teoría de la mente), Ambiguous Intentions and Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ; estilo atribucional), Índice de Reactividad Interpersonal (IRI; empatía), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS;mindfulness rasgo), Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form (FFMQ-SF), y Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).Los resultados mostraron que el mindfulness (mindfulness rasgo, no reactividad y no juicio) y la cognición social (estilo atribucional y teoría de la mente) fueron predictores significativos. Los análisis de mediación señalaron la variable de teoría de la mente, como único mediador significativo de la sintomatología afectiva.Los resultados de este estudio señalan el papel de las habilidades de mindfulness y cognición social en la predicción de sintomatología afectiva.Palabras clave: mindfulness, cognición social, teoría de la mente, sintomatología afectiva, esquizofrenia, trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo.

scholarly journals Age Cohort Differences and Depressive Symptoms Among Community-Dwelling Older Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 61-61
Author(s):  
Ethan Siu Leung Cheung ◽  
Ada Mui
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Cohort Differences ◽  
Age Cohort

Abstract This study uses Wave 3 National Social Life, Health and Aging Project to examine the correlation between age cohorts [60s (n=1204); 70s (n=1176); 80 and older (n= 724)], cognitive status, and depression symptoms. In the total sample, 53.90% were females, 76.15% Whites, 15.29% Blacks, and 8.56% Asians. Compared to the 60s and 70s cohorts, 80+ cohort was cognitively more impaired [Mean (SD) of MoCA Short Form were 10.7(2.9), 10.0(3.2), and 8.1(3.6)]. There were no age cohorts’ differences in depressive symptoms experienced (Mean of CESD Short Form = 21.03; SD = 4.06). In order to identify predictors of depression, multiple hierarchical regressions were performed. The 60s sample was the reference group to compare with 70s and 80s cohorts. Results showed that age cohort variables had a significant independent effect as well as a joint effect with cognitive status in explaining depression scores. For each age cohort group, parallel regression analyses were conducted and all models were significant. Findings suggest that ADL impairment was the only common predictor for depressive symptoms for the three cohort groups, and the association was the strongest for the 60s cohort (b = .31). Other unique predictors for 60s cohort were lower-income, more IADLs impairment, higher stress and cognitive impairment. For the 70s cohort, unique predictors of depressive symptoms were female gender, unmarried, and less socialization. For the 80 and above group, correlates of depression are female, White, and high stress level. Findings highlight the necessity of age-sensitive programs on depression support for community-dwelling older Americans.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale across 11 world-wide societies

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Stevanovic ◽  
Z. Bagheri ◽  
O. Atilola ◽  
P. Vostanis ◽  
D. Stupar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression

Background.In order to compare estimates by one assessment scale across various cultures/ethnic groups, an important aspect that needs to be demonstrated is that its construct across these groups is invariant when measured using a similar and simultaneous approach (i.e., demonstrated cross-cultural measurement invariance). One of the methods for evaluating measurement invariance is testing for differential item functioning (DIF), which assesses whether different groups respond differently to particular items. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) in societies with different socioeconomic, cultural, and religious backgrounds.Methods.The study was organised by the International Child Mental Health Study Group. Self-reported data were collected from adolescents residing in 11 countries: Brazil, Bulgaria, Croatia, Indonesia, Montenegro, Nigeria, Palestinian Territories, the Philippines, Portugal, Romania and Serbia. The multiple-indicators multiple-causes model was used to test the RCADS items for DIF across the countries.Results.Ten items exhibited DIF considering all cross-country comparisons. Only one or two items were flagged with DIF in the head-to-head comparisons, while there were three to five items flagged with DIF, when one country was compared with the others. Even with all cross-culturally non-invariant items removed from nine language versions tested, the original factor model representing six anxiety and depressive symptoms subscales was not significantly violated.Conclusions.There is clear evidence that relatively small number of the RCADS items is non-invariant, especially when comparing two different cultural/ethnic groups, which indicates on its sound cross-cultural validity and suitability for cross-cultural comparisons in adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Mindfulness Skills Deficits in Pathological Skin Picking Behaviours

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S496-S496
Author(s):  
A. Pozza ◽  
D. Dèttore
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factor ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Skin Picking ◽  
Inner Experiences ◽  
Mindfulness Skills ◽  
General Distress ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship

IntroductionPathological Skin Picking (SP) is a psychiatric condition with a 2–5%-prevalence in the community and consists of repetitive picking behaviours associated to marked distress, which can cause significant skin damage. Research has evidenced a Focused SP subtype, typically occurring in response to negative emotions, an Automatic subtype, occurring without awareness during activities not related to the picking behavior, and a Mixed one. Mindfulness skills have been studied as a protective factor involved in the treatment of several psychiatric disorders. Studying Mindfulness deficits in SP might help to identify interventions tailored for specific subtypes of SP behaviours.ObjectivesThe current study examined the relationship between Mindfulness skills and pathological SP behaviours.AimsThe study aimed to investigate whether Mindfulness skills deficits uniquely predicted SP subtypes behaviours after controlling for general distress in a community sample.MethodsNinety-seven community individuals (mean age = 39.71, SD = 16.37, 59% females) completed measures of SP, Mindfulness skills and general distress (anxiety and depression).ResultsLower Mindfulness skills of Describing Internal Experiences (B = −0.12, P < 0.05) and higher anxiety (B = 0.08, P < 0.05) predicted more severe Automatic SP. Lower Mindfulness skills of Non-judging Inner Experiences (B = −0.12, P < 0.05), higher anxiety (B = −0.12, P < 0.05) and higher depression (B = −0.12, P < 0.05) predicted more severe Mixed SP. Focused SP was not associated to Mindfulness skills and general distress.ConclusionsMindfulness skills deficits could be associated to Automatic and Mixed but not Focused SP. Future studies should investigate whether Mindfulness programs are effective for individuals reporting Automatic or Mixed SP behaviours.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Impact of depressive disorders on quality of life after middle ear surgery in patients with chronic otitis media

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susen Lailach ◽  
Theresa Langanke ◽  
Thomas Zahnert ◽  
Susan Garthus-Niegel ◽  
Marcus Neudert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear Surgery ◽  
Ear Surgery ◽  
Sf 36

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to determine whether preoperative depressive symptoms influence health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after middle ear surgery in patients with chronic otitis media (COM). Methods This prospective clinical case study was conducted at a tertiary referral center. All 102 patients who had undergone middle ear surgery for COM were assessed clinically and by audiometric testing (pure tone audiometry) in pre- and postoperative settings. Disease-specific HRQOL was assessed by the validated chronic otitis media outcome test 15 (COMOT-15) and the Zurich chronic middle ear inventory (ZCMEI-21). General HRQOL was measured using the short form 36 (SF-36). Depressive symptoms were assessed using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-D). The Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) was used to classify comorbidities. The middle ear status was determined using the ossiculoplasty outcome parameter staging (OOPS) index. Results After middle ear surgery, the total COMOT-15 and ZCMEI-21 scores improved significantly (p < 0.001). General HRQOL (total SF-36 score) was unaffected by surgery (p < 0.05). Patients without elevated depressive symptoms had significantly better total scores for the COMOT-15 (p < 0.01), ZCMEI-21 (p < 0.001), and for SF-36 (p < 0.001) postoperatively. The results of the multiple regression analyses show that, after adjusting for the OOPS, CCI, and hearing improvement, preoperative depressiveness was significantly associated with worse postoperative COMOT-15 and ZCMEI-21 outcome scores (β = 0.425 and β = 0.362, p < 0.001). Conclusion Preoperative depressiveness was an essential predictive factor for HRQOL in patients with COM. This should be considered during patient selection to provide more suitable preoperative counseling.

scholarly journals Predictive factors of quality of life in temporal and extratemporal lobe epilepsy: association with affective temperament profiles and psychiatric comorbidities

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 799-807
Author(s):  
Sehnaz Basaran ◽  
Halil İbrahim Tas
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Focal Epilepsy ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Sf 36

ABSTRACT Background: Investigating predictive factors of reduced quality of life (QOL) of patients and their association with focal epilepsy can improve management and treatment strategies. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between affective temperaments, depression, anxiety, disease characteristics, and QOL and to explore the predictors of QOL in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and extratemporal lobe epilepsy (ETLE). Methods: A total of 50 patients with TLE, 51 patients with ETLE, and 70 controls were enrolled. Affective temperaments were evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A). QOL was assessed by the Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Beck Depression Inventory and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to explore depression and anxiety severity, respectively. Results: Compared with the controls, patients with TLE and ETLE had significantly higher scores on all TEMPS-A scales, except on hyperthymic temperament. All the SF-36 subscale scores were lower in the TLE and ETLE groups. Linear regression analysis revealed that depressive symptoms, anxiety, depressive and irritable temperament, and seizure frequency were significant predictors of QOL in TLE. Patients with ETLE with temperamental disturbances, depressive symptoms, and polytherapy had a poorer QOL. Conclusions: Affective temperaments, psychiatric disorders, and clinical factors may predict impaired QOL in patients with TLE and ETLE. Further studies are needed to identify predictors of QOL in various epilepsy subtypes.

scholarly journals Variation in Personality States as Predicted by Interpersonal Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie S. Churchyard ◽  
Karen J. Pine ◽  
Shivani Sharma ◽  
Ben (C) Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Goal Orientation ◽  
Multilevel Modelling ◽  
Goal Orientations ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Relative Impact ◽  
Social Goal ◽  
Interpersonal Context ◽  
Interpersonal Factors ◽  
Diary Studies

Abstract. Diary studies of personality have shown that personality is variable, and can help the person deal appropriately with the different interpersonal demands they encounter. This study aims to demonstrate how interpersonal context predicts personality states. Thirty-six participants (9 male, 27 female, Mage = 24.72, SD = 7.11) kept an online diary for one month. The diary recorded measurements of HEXACO personality states, momentary interpersonal factors including current interpersonal role (with friend, family member, partner, as employee/student, alone), and social goal orientation (socializing with others, avoidance of others, asserting yourself, personal/work achievement), and dispositional anxiety and depression. Individuals’ personality states were found to vary considerably across measurements in a normal distribution. Multilevel modelling analyses showed that interpersonal factors did predict within subject personality variation. Social goal orientations had a greater relative impact than interpersonal roles. Depression had a significant effect on between subject variance in state emotionality. These findings highlight the importance of interpersonal context in predicting stable personality variation.

scholarly journals Implementation and Evaluation of a Text Message–Based Addiction Counseling Program (Text4Hope-Addiction Support): Protocol for a Questionnaire Study

10.2196/22047 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e22047
Author(s):  
Vincent Israel Opoku Agyapong ◽  
Marianne Hrabok ◽  
Wesley Vuong ◽  
April Gusnowski ◽  
Reham Shalaby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Text Messaging ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Demographic Correlates

Background With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, providing counseling to people with drug or alcohol addiction while maintaining physical distance has been challenging. This protocol describes the use of text messaging (as used in the Text4Hope-Addiction Support program) as a convenient, evidence-based, cost-effective, and accessible population-level mental health intervention with high user satisfaction proven in prior research. Objective The project goal is to implement a program of daily supportive text messaging (Text4Hope-Addiction Support) to reduce drug or alcohol cravings as well as anxiety and depression, typically associated with alcohol and substance use disorders. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms; demographic correlates of the same; and the outcomes of the Text4Hope-Addiction Support intervention in mitigating cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. Methods Self-administered, anonymous, online questionnaires will be used to assess cravings for the primary substance of addiction (Brief Substance Craving Scale), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire-9). Data will be collected at baseline (onset of receiving text messages), program midpoint (6 weeks), and program end (12 weeks). Results As of October 2020, data collection is in progress; and it is expected to be completed by fall 2021. Data analysis will include parametric and nonparametric techniques, focusing on primary outcomes (ie, cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms) and metrics of use, including the number of subscribers and user satisfaction. Conclusions This Text4Hope-Addiction Support project will provide key information regarding the prevalence rates of cravings, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among persons with alcohol and substance use disorders; demographic correlates of cravings, anxiety, and depression; and outcome data related to this scalable population-level intervention. Information from this study will be valuable for addiction care practitioners; it will inform the policy and decision making regarding population-level addiction treatment and support during emergencies. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/22047

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