scholarly journals Changes in the clustering of unhealthy movement behaviors during the COVID-19 quarantine and the association with mental health indicators among Brazilian adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
André O Werneck ◽  
Danilo R Silva ◽  
Deborah C Malta ◽  
Paulo R B Souza-Júnior ◽  
Luiz O Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Working At Home ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Daily Time

Abstract Our aim was to analyze the prevalence of unhealthy movement behavior clusters before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to investigate whether changes in the number of unhealthy behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic quarantine were associated with mental health indicators. Data of 38,353 Brazilian adults from a nationwide behavior research were used. For movement behaviors, participants reported the frequency and duration of physical activity and daily time on TV viewing and computer/tablet use before and during the pandemic period. Participants also reported the frequency of loneliness, sadness (feeling sad, crestfallen, or depressed), and anxiety feelings (feeling worried, anxious, or nervous) during the pandemic period. Sex, age group, highest academic achievement, working status during quarantine, country region, and time adhering to the quarantine were used as correlates. We used descriptive statistics and logistic regression models for the data analysis. The prevalence of all movement behavior clusters increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The cluster of all three unhealthy movement behaviors increased from 4.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.9–5.4) to 26.2% (95% CI: 24.8–27.7). Younger adults, people with higher academic achievement, not working or working at home, and those with higher time in quarantine presented higher clustering. People that increased one and two or three unhealthy movement behaviors were, respectively, more likely to present loneliness (odds ratio [OR] = 1.41 [95% CI: 1.21–1.65] and OR = 1.71 [95% CI: 1.42–2.07]), sadness (OR = 1.25 [95% CI: 1.06–1.48] and OR = 1.73 [95% CI: 1.42–2.10]), and anxiety (OR = 1.34 [95% CI: 1.13–1.57] and OR = 1.78 [95% CI: 1.46–2.17]) during the COVID-19 quarantine. Clustering of unhealthy movement behaviors substantially increased and was associated with poorer mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Movement Behaviors and Perceived Loneliness and Sadness within Alaskan Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6866
Author(s):  
Ryan D. Burns ◽  
Yang Bai ◽  
Christopher D. Pfledderer ◽  
Timothy A. Brusseau ◽  
Wonwoo Byun
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Youth Risk Behavior Survey ◽  
Association Analyses ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Screen Use

Physical activity, screen use, and sleep are behaviors that integrate across the whole day. However, the accumulative influence of meeting recommendations for these 24-h movement behaviors on the mental health of Alaskan adolescents has not been examined. The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between movement behaviors, loneliness, and sadness within Alaskan adolescents. Data were obtained from the 2019 Alaska Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). The number of adolescents participating in the 2019 Alaska YRBS was 1897. Associations between meeting recommendations for movement behaviors with loneliness and sadness were examined using weighted logistic regression models, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI). Approximately 5.0% of the sample met recommendations for all three movement behaviors. Meeting 2 or 3 movement behavior recommendations was associated with lower odds of loneliness (odds ratio (OR) range = 0.23 to 0.44, p < 0.01). Additionally, meeting 1 to 3 movement behavior recommendations was associated with lower odds of sadness (OR range = 0.29 to 0.52, p < 0.05). Joint association analyses determined that these relationships were primarily driven by meeting the sleep recommendation for loneliness and meeting the screen use recommendation for sadness. The results support use of multiple movement-based behavior programming to attenuate feelings of loneliness and sadness within Alaskan adolescents.

Chronic disruptive pain in emerging adults with and without chronic health conditions and the moderating role of psychiatric disorders: Evidence from a population-based cross-sectional survey in Canada

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rana A. Qadeer ◽  
Lilly Shanahan ◽  
Mark A. Ferro
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Drug Disorders

AbstractBackground and aimsThere has been a growth in the proportion of emerging adults vulnerable to pain-related sequelae of chronic health conditions (CHCs). Given the paucity of research during this important developmental period, this study investigated the association between CHCs and chronic disruptive pain among emerging adults and the extent to which psychiatric disorders moderate this association.MethodsData come from the 2012 Canadian Community Health Survey - Mental Health (CCHS-MH). This cross-sectional survey included 5987 participants that were 15-30 years of age and self-reported their CHCs (n = 2460,41%) and the extent to which pain impacted daily functioning using items from the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI 3). Group comparisons between respondents with CHCs and healthy controls were made using chi-square tests. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed from ordinal logistic regression models adjusting for sociodemographic covariates. Product-term interactions between CHCs and psychiatric disorders were included in the models to explore moderating effects. All analyses were weighted to maintain representativeness of the study sample to the Canadian population.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 23.5 (SE 0.1) years and 48% were female. Compared to healthy controls, a greater proportion of participants with CHCs reported having chronic pain (20.3% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001). Among those with chronic pain, respondents with CHCs reported a greater number of activities prevented because of chronic disruptive pain (χ2 = 222.28, p< 0.001). Similarly, in logistic regression models, participants with CHCs had greater odds of reporting chronic disruptive pain (OR = 4.94, 95% CI = 4.08-5.99). Alcohol (β = –0.66; p = 0.025) and drug abuse/dependence disorders (β = –1.24; p = 0.012) were found to moderate the association between CHCs and chronic disruptive pain. Specifically, the probability of chronic disruptive pain was higher for emerging adults without CHCs and with alcohol or drug disorders; however, among participants with CHCs, probability was higher for those without these disorders.ConclusionsThere is a robust association between CHCs and chronic disruptive pain. The moderating effects suggest that alcohol or drug disorders are especially harmful for emerging adults without CHCs and contribute to higher levels of chronic disruptive pain; however, among those with CHCs, alcohol and illicit drugs may be used as a numbing agent to blunt chronic disruptive pain.ImplicationsFindings from this study have implications for the integration and coordination of services to design strategies aimed at managing chronic disruptive pain and preventing pain-related disabilities later in life. Within the health system, healthcare providers should engage in dialogues about mental health and substance use regularly with emerging adults, be proactive in screening for psychiatric disorders, and continue to monitor the impact of pain on daily functioning. Given the age range of emerging adults, there is tremendous opportunity for clinicians to work cooperatively with colleagues in the education system to support emerging adults with and without CHCs. Overall, clinicians, researchers, educators, and those in social services should continue to be mindful of the complex interrelationships between physical and mental health and chronic disruptive pain and work cooperatively to optimize health outcomes and prevent pain-related disabilities among emerging adults.

Health literacy and mental health of school principals. Results from a German cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Dadaczynski ◽  
Claudia Kotarski ◽  
Katharina Rathmann ◽  
Orkan Okan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type

PurposeSchool principals are generally seen as key facilitators for the delivery and long-term implementation of activities on school health promotion, including health literacy. However, there is little evidence on the health literacy and health status of this occupational group. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the health literacy of school principals and its association with mental health indicators.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional online survey with German school principals and members of the management board (vice principals) was conducted (n = 680, 68.3% female). Demographic (gender, age) and work characteristics (type of school, professional role) as well as health literacy served as independent variables. Mental health as a dependent variable included well-being, emotional exhaustion and psychosomatic complaints. Next to uni- and bivariate analysis, a series of binary logistic regression models was performed.FindingsOf the respondents, 29.2% showed a limited health literacy with significant differences to the disadvantage of male principals. With regard to mental health, respondents aged over 60 years and those from schools for children with special educational needs were less often affected by low well-being as well as frequent emotional exhaustion and psychosomatic complaints. Taking into account demographic and work characteristics, regression models revealed significant associations between a low level of health literacy and poor mental health across all indicators.Research limitations/implicationsThe cross-sectional nature of this study does not allow to draw conclusions about the causal pathways between health literacy and mental health. Although the sample has been weighted, the results cannot be generalized to the whole population of school principals. There is a need for evidence-based interventions aiming at promoting health literacy and mental health tailored to the needs of school principals.Originality/valueThis is the first study to investigate health literacy and its association with health indicators among school principals.

Logistic regression models for predicting physical and mental health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis patients

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 601-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholam Hossein Alishiri ◽  
Noushin Bayat ◽  
Ali Fathi Ashtiani ◽  
Seyed Abbas Tavallaii ◽  
Shervin Assari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals Risk of Interruption of Doctoral Studies and Mental Health in PhD Students

Mathematics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1695
Author(s):  
Sara M. González-Betancor ◽  
Pablo Dorta-González
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Doctoral Program ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Doctoral Studies ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Anxiety Depression

PhD students report a higher prevalence of mental illness symptoms than highly educated individuals in the general population. This situation presents a serious problem for universities. Thus, the knowledge about this phenomenon is of great importance in decision-making. In this paper we use the Nature PhD survey 2019 and estimate several binomial logistic regression models to analyze the risk of interrupting doctoral studies. This risk is measured through the desire of change in either the supervisor or the area of expertise, or the wish of not pursue a PhD. Among the explanatory factors, we focus on the influence of anxiety/depression, discrimination, and bullying. As control variables we use demographic characteristics and others related with the doctoral program. Insufficient contact time with supervisors, and exceeding time spent studying crossing the 50-h week barrier, are risk factors of PhD studies interruption, but the most decisive risk factor is poor mental health. Universities should therefore foster an environment of well-being, which allows the development of autonomy and resilience of their PhD students or, when necessary, which fosters the development of conflict resolution skills.

scholarly journals Problematic shopping and self-injurious behaviors in adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068-1078
Author(s):  
Norman R. Greenberg ◽  
Zu Wei Zhai ◽  
Rani A. Hoff ◽  
Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Behavioral Addictions ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health Functioning

AbstractBackground and aimsSelf-injurious behaviors (SIBs) and problematic shopping (PS) are both prevalent in adolescents. These behaviors have been proposed as behavioral addictions and linked to impulsivity (Imp) and sensation-seeking (SS). They are also associated with negative mental health and psychosocial measures. This study examined relationships between PS and SIB in adolescents. It also examined how PS and SIB relate to Imp and SS, and interactions between PS and SIB in relation to health/functioning measures.MethodsSurvey data from 2,624 Connecticut high-school students were evaluated using chi-square analyses. Next, logistic regression models were used to assess relationships between PS and measures of SIB. T-tests compared Imp and SS in adolescents with and without PS and SIB. Interaction analyses assessed effects of PS on relationships between SIB and health/functioning measures.ResultsAdolescents with PS had 3.43-fold higher odds of endorsing lifetime SIB than those without PS, and were more likely to exhibit severe SIB and disruption due to SIB. PS and SIB were associated with elevated Imp and SS. Interaction analyses revealed that in adolescents with PS, the relationships between SIB and substance use was weaker than in adolescents without PS. This suggests PS accounts for variance in relationships between SIB and substance use.Discussion and conclusionsPS is strongly related to SIB prevalence, severity, and impairment in adolescents, and weakens associations between SIB and substance use. PS should therefore be considered for prevention efforts for SIB. Further research should investigate mechanisms connecting PS and SIB and explore possible interventions targeting associated features like Imp and SS.

scholarly journals Differences in Temporal Relapse Characteristics Between Affective and Non-affective Psychotic Disorders: Longitudinal Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Immanuel ◽  
Geoff Schrader ◽  
Niranjan Bidargaddi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Temporal Characteristic ◽  
Random Regression ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Time To Relapse

Objective: Multiple relapses over time are common in both affective and non-affective psychotic disorders. Characterizing the temporal nature of these relapses may be crucial to understanding the underlying neurobiology of relapse.Materials and Methods: Anonymized records of patients with affective and non-affective psychotic disorders were collected from SA Mental Health Data Universe and retrospectively analyzed. To characterize the temporal characteristic of their relapses, a relapse trend score was computed using a symbolic series-based approach. A higher score suggests that relapse follows a trend and a lower score suggests relapses are random. Regression models were built to investigate if this score was significantly different between affective and non-affective psychotic disorders.Results: Logistic regression models showed a significant group difference in relapse trend score between the patient groups. For example, in patients who were hospitalized six or more times, relapse score in affective disorders were 2.6 times higher than non-affective psychotic disorders [OR 2.6, 95% CI (1.8–3.7), p &lt; 0.001].Discussion: The results imply that the odds of a patient with affective disorder exhibiting a predictable trend in time to relapse were much higher than a patient with recurrent non-affective psychotic disorder. In other words, within recurrent non-affective psychosis group, time to relapse is random.Conclusion: This study is an initial attempt to develop a longitudinal trajectory-based approach to investigate relapse trend differences in mental health patients. Further investigations using this approach may reflect differences in underlying biological processes between illnesses.

Risk and Protective Factors for Mental Health and Community Cohesion After the 2013 Calgary Flood

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Hetherington ◽  
Sheila McDonald ◽  
Muci Wu ◽  
Suzanne Tough
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Community Cohesion ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Post Traumatic

AbstractObjectiveTo examine mental health and community cohesion in women living in Calgary after a natural disaster considering previously collected mental health data.MethodsData from an ongoing longitudinal cohort, the All Our Families study, were used to examine mental health and community cohesion 5 months after a major flood in Calgary, Canada. Participants who had completed a baseline questionnaire before the flood were eligible for inclusion in this study (N=923). Four multivariable logistic regression models were built to examine predictors of post-traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and community cohesion.ResultsElevated anxiety before the flood was associated with 2.49 (95% CI: 1.17, 5.26) increased odds of experiencing high levels of post-traumatic stress, regardless of whether respondents lived in a flood-risk community or not. Women who experienced damage to property, or who provided help to others, were more likely to perceive an increased sense of community cohesion (adjusted ods ratio (AOR): 1.67; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.54 and AOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.52, respectively).ConclusionsWomen with underlying mental health conditions may be more vulnerable to the psychological impacts of a natural disaster regardless of their level of exposure. Natural disasters may bring communities together, especially those who were more tangibly impacted. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:470–477)

scholarly journals Predictors of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Brazil during COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7026
Author(s):  
Stephen X. Zhang ◽  
Hao Huang ◽  
Jizhen Li ◽  
Mayra Antonelli-Ponti ◽  
Scheila Farias de Paiva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Healthcare Organizations ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Predictors Of Depression

The COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil is extremely severe, and Brazil has the third-highest number of cases in the world. The goal of the study is to identify the prevalence rates and several predictors of depression and anxiety in Brazil during the initial outbreak of COVID-19. We surveyed 482 adults in 23 Brazilian states online on 9–22 May 2020, and found that 70.3% of the adults (n = 339) had depressive symptoms and 67.2% (n = 320) had anxiety symptoms. The results of multi-class logistic regression models revealed that females, younger adults, and those with fewer children had a higher likelihood of depression and anxiety symptoms; adults who worked as employees were more likely to have anxiety symptoms than those who were self-employed or unemployed; adults who spent more time browsing COVID-19 information online were more likely to have depression and anxiety symptoms. Our results provide preliminary evidence and early warning for psychiatrists and healthcare organizations to better identify and focus on the more vulnerable sub-populations in Brazil during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and eating disorder and mental health concerns in patients with eating disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A. Vitagliano ◽  
Grace Jhe ◽  
Carly E. Milliren ◽  
Jessica A. Lin ◽  
Rebecca Spigel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Health Concerns ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic dramatically transformed daily life for adolescents and young adults, altering social and physical environments. Previous research has shown such shifts in daily life to be especially challenging for people living with eating disorders (ED). However, the extent of this environmental change on ED symptoms and mental health (MH) has been relatively unexplored in patients with EDs. This study examines how young people with EDs feel the COVID-19 pandemic has affected their living environments as well as their ED and MH symptoms and motivation for ED recovery. Methods Participants were enrollees in the Registry of Eating Disorders and their Co-morbidities OVER time in Youth (RECOVERY) who responded to an additional survey (n = 89) in July 2020 to assess their perceptions of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants reported on concerns of their ED worsening due to increased time living in a “triggering environment” due to the pandemic as well as perceived COVID-related changes in intrusive ED thoughts, depression, anxiety, isolation, and motivation to recover. Logistic regression models, adjusted for age and ED diagnosis, examined the association of triggering environment with ED and MH symptoms. Results The majority of respondents reported concern for worsening of their ED due to a “triggering environment” (63%). Most reported an increase in ED thoughts (74%), feelings of anxiety (77%), depression (73%), and isolation (80%) they perceived to be related to the pandemic. Nearly one-third reported decrease in motivation to recover (29%) they perceived to be related to the pandemic. After adjusting for age and ED diagnosis, participants who reported concern for worsening of their ED due to a triggering environment had nearly 18 times the odds of decreased motivation to recover (OR 18.1; 95% CI 3.37–97.4, p = 0.003) and nearly 24 times the odds of increased ED thoughts (OR 23.8; 95% CI 4.31–131.6, p < 0.001) compared to those who did not report concern for worsening of their ED due to a triggering environment. Conclusions Our findings demonstrate the perceived negative impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on the self-reported ED and MH symptoms in patients with EDs, particularly in those who report concern for a negative environmental change. These results underscore the need for heightened monitoring of patients with EDs during the pandemic.

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