scholarly journals Regulation of HDL cholesterol metabolism and the impact of long‐term feeding of dietary jojoba oil and cholesterol on the development of atherosclerosis in New Zealand white rabbits: a foundational study (671.14)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarek Karam
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Jojoba Oil ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Locking down the Impact of New Zealand’s COVID-19 Alert Level Changes on Pets

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 758
Author(s):  
Fiona Esam ◽  
Rachel Forrest ◽  
Natalie Waran
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Pet Owners ◽  
Level 1 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on human-pet interactions within New Zealand, particularly during lockdown, was investigated via two national surveys. In Survey 1, pet owners (n = 686) responded during the final week of the five-week Alert Level 4 lockdown (highest level of restrictions—April 2020), and survey 2 involved 498 respondents during July 2020 whilst at Alert Level 1 (lowest level of restrictions). During the lockdown, 54.7% of owners felt that their pets’ wellbeing was better than usual, while only 7.4% felt that it was worse. Most respondents (84.0%) could list at least one benefit of lockdown for their pets, and they noted pets were engaged with more play (61.7%) and exercise (49.7%) than pre-lockdown. Many respondents (40.3%) expressed that they were concerned about their pet’s wellbeing after lockdown, with pets missing company/attention and separation anxiety being major themes. In Survey 2, 27.9% of respondents reported that they continued to engage in increased rates of play with their pets after lockdown, however, the higher levels of pet exercise were not maintained. Just over one-third (35.9%) of owners took steps to prepare their pets to transition out of lockdown. The results indicate that pets may have enjoyed improved welfare during lockdown due to the possibility of increased human-pet interaction. The steps taken by owners to prepare animals for a return to normal life may enhance pet wellbeing long-term if maintained.

scholarly journals Impact of Sex on Office White Coat Effect Tail: Investigating Two Italian Residential Cohorts

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Humbert ◽  
Sophie Fedrizzi ◽  
Joachim Alexandre ◽  
Alessandro Menotti ◽  
Alain Manrique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
White Coat ◽  
White Coat Effect ◽  
Seven Countries Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo assess the impact of sex on office white-coat effect tail (OWCET), the waning of systolic blood pressure (SBP) after its waxing during office visit, on the incidence of long-term major fatal and non-fatal events in two Italian residential cohorts [from the Gubbio Study and the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study (IRA)]. There were 3565 persons (92 with missing data, 44% men, 54 ± 11 years) included in the Gubbio and 1712 men (49 ± 5 years) in the IRA studies. OWCET was defined as a decrease of ≥10 mmHg in SBP between successive measurements with slight measurement differences between the two cohorts. Cardiovascular (CVD), coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke (STR) incidences were considered. Over an approximately 20-year follow-up, women with OWCET had an increased risk of CVD [HR: 1.591 (95%CI: 1.204–2.103)], CHD [HR: 1.614 (95%CI: 1.037–2.512)] and STR [HR: 1.696 (95%CI: 1.123–2.563)] events independently of age, serum and HDL cholesterol, cigarettes, BMI and SBP in the Gubbio study. However, there was no increased risk of CVD, CHD or STR in men with OWCET neither in the Gubbio 20-year follow-up nor in the IRA 50-year follow-up. These results were not modified significantly by the correction of the regression dilutions bias between the first and the subsequent SBP measurements. Thus, in primary care, OWCET should be actively evaluated in women as it can improve stratification of long-term CVD, CHD and STR risks.

Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Long-Term Increase of Macrophages in the Myocardium of New Zealand White Rabbits

2003 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 184-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Kinscherf ◽  
Huse Kamencic ◽  
Hans-Peter Deigner ◽  
Jürgen Metz
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

scholarly journals Labour force participation in New Zealand: Tecent trends, future scenarios and the impact on economic growth.

1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Paterson ◽  
Simon Brown
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
The Past ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines labour force participation trends in New Zealand, how we compare to the rest of the OECD and how participation and economic growth might be affected in the future by population ageing. Participation has risen significantly over the past 20 years despite an increase in the average age of the working­age population. We have looked at how participation has changed by age, gender and ethnicity. By contrast, average hours worked has declined over the past 20 years and we consider the reasons for that. Population ageing means the recent growth seen in labour force participation is likely to come to an end, with the participation rate projected to decline over the medium term. Falling participation will have a dampening effect on economic growth. We have investigated the impact of declining participation on gross domestic product using official labour force projections and identified a range of scenarios for what participation might look like in the year 2029. In each scenario, we discuss the impact on economic growth. Most other OECD countries are in a similar situation to us with respect to population ageing. We have looked at the latest Australian projections for economic growth in the long term and the increased growth in New Zealand’s productivity that would be necessary to begin to close the gap on Australia.

scholarly journals AMPK subunits harbor largely non-overlapping genetic determinants for body fat mass, glucose- and cholesterol metabolism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elko Randrianarisoa ◽  
Angela Lehn-Stefan ◽  
Johannes Krier ◽  
Anja Böhm ◽  
Martin Heni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a heterotrimeric enzyme and central regulator of cellular energy metabolism. The impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in all seven subunit genes on adiposity, glucose- and lipid metabolism has not been systematically studied yet. Objective To analyze the associations of common SNPs in all AMPK genes, and of different scores thereof, with adiposity, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, blood glucose, total-, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. Study Design and Methods A cohort of 2789 non-diabetic subjects from the Tübingen Family study of type-2 diabetes, metabolically characterized by oral glucose tolerance test and genotyped by genome-wide SNP array was analyzed. Results We identified largely non-overlapping SNP sets across four AMPK genes (PRKAA1, PRKAA2, PRKAG2, PRKAG3) associated with adiposity, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, blood glucose, total-/LDL-cholesterol or HDL-cholesterol, respectively. A genetic score of body-fat-increasing alleles revealed per-allele effect sizes on BMI of +0.22 kg/m² (p=2.3·10-7), insulin sensitivity of -0.12·1019 L²/mol² (p=9.9·10-6) and 2-h blood glucose of +0.02 mmol/L (p=0.0048). Similar effects on blood glucose were observed with scores of insulin-sensitivity-reducing, insulin-secretion-reducing and glucose-raising alleles, respectively. A genetic cholesterol score increased total- and LDL-cholesterol by 1.17 mg/dL per allele (p=0.0002 and p=3.2·10-5, respectively), and a genetic HDL score decreased HDL-cholesterol by 0.32 mg/dL per allele (p=9.1·10-6). Conclusions We describe largely non-overlapping genetic determinants in AMPK genes for diabetes-/atherosclerosis-related traits which reflect the metabolic pathways controlled by the enzyme. Formation of trait-specific genetic scores revealed additivity of allele effects, with body-fat-raising alleles reaching a marked effect size.

scholarly journals Subfreezing versus Room-Temperature Balloon Dilation of Benign Tracheal Stenosis: A Pilot Study in Rabbits

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. Wycherly ◽  
Matthew K. Steehler ◽  
Hosai Hesham ◽  
Kevin Burke ◽  
Sonya Malekzadeh
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Tracheal Stenosis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Balloon Dilation ◽  
Collagen Content ◽  
Collagen Deposition ◽  
Tracheal Injury ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits

We conducted an experiment to compare collagen deposition in tracheal stenoses dilated with room-temperature balloons and stenoses dilated with balloons at a subfreezing temperature (-10°C). Six New Zealand white rabbits underwent endoscopic tracheal injury. Tracheal dilation was performed at 3 weeks postinjury with either a room-temperature balloon or a vascular cryoplasty balloon. Five surviving rabbits were sacrificed at either 2 weeks (n = 3) or 4 weeks (n = 2) postdilation (1 rabbit that was not able to tolerate dilation was euthanized during the procedure). A blinded pathologist graded histologic sections of the injured tracheas for collagen content. The tracheal collagen deposits in the 3 animals sacrificed at 2 weeks postdilation were all graded as moderate. However, at the 4-week postdilation examination, there was a marked difference in collagen deposition between the rabbit that underwent room-temperature dilation and the rabbit that underwent subfreezing dilation; while the former showed moderate collagen deposition, the deposition in the latter was only mild. In conclusion, this pilot study showed that tracheal dilation with balloon cryotherapy decreased collagen deposition in the injured airway of 1 animal. Larger studies are required to determine whether balloon cryotherapy improves the long-term patency of immature tracheal stenosis.

scholarly journals Effect of Feeding Hay on Nonesterified Fatty Acids in Appetite-Suppressed Pregnant New Zealand White Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Jesse W Veenstra ◽  
Adam J Filgo ◽  
Steven C Denham
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Reproductive Toxicology ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Pregnancy Toxemia ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
The Impact

Pregnant rabbits are a common nonrodent model for reproductive safety evaluation in preclinical drug development. During reproductive toxicology studies, rabbits are prone to decreased food consumption and anorexia. When persistent or severe, this condition can lead to hepatic lipidosis and pregnancy toxemia, which may confound the interpretation of study results. Non-Esterified Fatty Acids (NEFAs) have been used in veterinary production medicine to evaluate the impact of diet on the energy balance of pregnant animals. In the current study, sustained-release buprenorphine was used to suppress the appetite of pregnant New Zealand white rabbits, mimicking the clinical presentation of animals in reproductive toxicology studies. Sequential NEFA evaluations during gestation, along with other clinical endpoints, such as the necessity and duration of veterinary intervention, were used to evaluate the effects of feeding hay and a pelleted diet as compared with a pelleted diet alone. Elevated NEFA levels were directly correlated to litter size, the number of viable fetuses and the number of days on veterinary consult due to severely decreased consumption of pelleted diet. Animals with hay as part of their diet did not require additional diet supplementation as determined by qualitative evaluation of hay intake and adequate fecal output. These data suggest that including hay as a portion of the standard diet benefits pregnant rabbits in laboratory or production settings.

scholarly journals Effect of UVA1 on hypertrophic scarring in the rabbit ear model

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Zhiming Shen ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Rui Jiang
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hypertrophic Scarring ◽  
Dermal Thickness ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Uva1 Phototherapy ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Hypertrophic scars (HTSs) are common and cause functional and psychological morbidity. UVA1 (340–400 nm) phototherapy has been previously shown to be effective in the treatment of localized scleroderma, systemic sclerosis, and POEMS syndrome with minimal side effects, all of which are presented as collagen fibrils hyperplasia that is common with scarring in skin histology. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the impact of UVA1 on the protein expression of TGF-β signal pathway and myofibroblasts in a rabbit model of cutaneous scarring. Full-thickness skin wounds (2 cm × 5 cm in diameter) were made in New Zealand white rabbits to establish the hypertrophic scarring model. New Zealand white rabbits were divided into two treatment groups (n=30 wounds per group with an equal number of controls): medium-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 60 J/cm2; high-dose of UVA1 phototherapy group: 110 J/cm2. Left ears were used for treatment and the right ones were used for control. Treatment was administered five times weekly for 6 weeks. Treated and untreated control wounds were harvested at various time points and examined by histologic examination, immunohistochemical assessment, and ultrastructural evaluation. The results showed that UVA1 phototherapy caused a significant reduction in dermal thickness by histological features, whereas the scar index was descended significantly in both medium- and high-dose UVA1 groups compared with the control group. Examination of immunohistochemistry also revealed a marked suppression of tissue growth factor-β (TGF-β) (both medium- and high-dose), α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (only high-dose), and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) (only high-dose), and apparent increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1) (both medium- and high-dose) compared with the control. The ultrastructural evaluation showed the collagen fibers’ diameter had shrunk, and that fibroblastic cytoplasm was not affluent and in a quiescent stage. These findings of the present study suggested that administration of UVA1 irradiation is effective to improve the experimental HTS model and raises a possibility of the therapeutic approach of UVA1 in the scar. Although not directly examined in the present study, MMP inhibition is hypothesized to be responsible for this effect. However, early UVA1 treatment could not prevent the formation of scar model.

Genotyping of New Zealand White Rabbits by PCR-RFLP Markers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Ye. Shevchenko ◽  
K. Kopylov
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Dna Markers ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Myostatin Gene ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
The Impact

Aim. To investigate the genetic structure of New Zealand white rabbits population by different types of DNA- markers. Methods. The individual genotypes of animals were identifi ed using the polymerase chain reaction with further determination of the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP-analysis). Results. The data on the distribution of allele variants of molecular markers in the population of rabbits were obtained; the impact of the genotype factor on meat production, prolifi cacy and milk production traits was determined. The relationship between genotypes by polymorphic DNA-markers of myostatin and progesterone receptor of animals and the values of meat productivity traits and reproduction capability was established. It was demonstrated that TT homozygotes excel other animals in the indices of average daily growth, while GG homozygotes excel others in prolifi cacy. Conclusions. The “desired” genotypes by myostatin gene (CC) and myostatin of rabbits were revealed. They may be used for targeted selection with the purpose of increasing the indices of meat production.

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