scholarly journals Trends and Outcomes of Malignant Hyperthermia in the United States, 2000 to 2005

2009 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric B. Rosero ◽  
Adebola O. Adesanya ◽  
Carlos H. Timaran ◽  
Girish P. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Comorbidity Burden

Background Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a potentially fatal pharmacogenetic disorder with an estimated mortality of less than 5%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the current incidence of MH and the predictors associated with in-hospital mortality in the United States. Methods The Nationwide Inpatient Sample, which is the largest all-payer inpatient database in the United States, was used to identify patients discharged with a diagnosis of MH during the years 2000-2005. The weighted exact Cochrane-Armitage test and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess trends in the incidence and risk-adjusted mortality from MH, taking into account the complex survey design. Results From 2000 to 2005, the number of cases of MH increased from 372 to 521 per year. The occurrence of MH increased from 10.2 to 13.3 patients per million hospital discharges (P = 0.001). Mortality rates from MH ranged from 6.5% in 2005 to 16.9% in 2001 (P < 0.0001). The median age of patients with MH was 39 (interquartile range, 23-54 yr). Only 17.8% of the patients were children, who had lower mortality than adults (0.7% vs. 14.1%, P < 0.0001). Logistic regression analyses revealed that risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality was associated with increasing age, female sex, comorbidity burden, source of admission to hospital, and geographic region of the United States. Conclusions The incidence of MH in the United States has increased in recent years. The in-hospital mortality from MH remains elevated and higher than previously reported. The results of this study should enable the identification of areas requiring increased focus in MH-related education.

Privatized Democracy: The Role of Election Services Vendors in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Suzanne Gibson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Minority Population ◽  
County Level ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Term Maintenance

Election equipment in the United States is exclusively purchased from private-sector vendors. When a jurisdiction purchases voting equipment, it is actually purchasing the hardware and software along with a variety of services for the initial implementation and long-term maintenance and support of the system. Election services constitute roughly one third of county-level election expenditures. The results of logistic regression analyses estimating the likelihoods of county purchases of different election services from election services vendors suggest a relationship between purchasing decisions and county demographics, namely the size of the minority population. Localities in states with centralized contracting systems were also substantially more likely to purchase all forms of vendor services.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Hospitalizations Due to Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia in the United States

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4150-4150
Author(s):  
Sanjana Mullangi ◽  
Preeti Yadav ◽  
Ekim Kilinc ◽  
Silpa Gudivada ◽  
Javaria Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
The United States ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Poor Outcomes

Abstract Introduction: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is an acquired immune disorder resulting in the production of cold and warm autoantibodies directed against red blood cell antigens; characterized by shortened red blood cell survival and a positive Coombs test. Types include primary disease (idiopathic) or secondary to other autoimmune disorders, malignancies, or infections. Treatment involves immunosuppression with corticosteroids and other agents, Transfusion. There is not much recent data available on epidemiology of AIHA. We aim to estimate epidemiological trends and outcomes of AIHA as well as factors associated with poor outcomes by using the largest available national database from the United States. Methods: We derived a study cohort from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the years 2007-2018 for hospitalizations due to AIHA by using International Classification of Diseases (9th/10th Editions) Clinical Modification diagnosis codes ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM). Other diagnosis and comorbidities were also identified by ICD-9/10-CM codes and Elixhauser comorbidity software. Our primary outcome was discharge disposition following AIHA hospitalization. We utilized multivariable survey logistic regression models to analyze and identify predictors of poor outcomes. Results: Between 2007-2018, a total of 52,814 hospitalizations occurred due to primary diagnosis of AIHA. Burden of hospitalizations remained stable from 4,254 (8.1%) in 2007 to 4,405 (8.3%) in 2018. AIHA patients in the study cohort were mostly above 65 years of age (48.6%) followed by 35-65 years of age (33.7%), females (58.3%) and Caucasians (69.1%). Overall in-hospital mortality of AIHA hospitalizations was 3.1%, and discharge to facility was 11.86%. Median length of stay for AIHA hospitalization was 4-days (interquartile range: 2-days to 6-days). Furthermore, in multivariable logistic regression analysis, increasing age (OR 1.2; 95%CI 1.1-1.3; p<0.001), male gender (OR 1.5; 95%CI 1.2-1.3; p:0.0024), vascular events (OR 1.5 ; 95%CI 1.1-2.0; p:0.0156), teaching hospitals (OR 3.1; 95%CI 1.5-6.5; p:0.002), plasmapheresis (OR 5.5; 95%CI 2.8-10.8; p:0.001) and intravenous immunoglobulins (OR 1.9; 95%CI 1.3-3.0; p:0.001) were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Conclusion: Our study describes the epidemiology of hospitalizations due to AIHA in the United States from a nationally representative database. We observed that hospitalization burden due to AIHA have remained stable from 2007 to 2018. We also identified factors associated with higher in-hospital mortality and some of which are modifiable. Further studies are required to establish the causal association of these factors to poor outcomes and develop better risk stratification strategies to improve overall outcomes of AIHA. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Clostridioides difficile Prevalence in the United States: National Inpatient Sample, 2016 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly Petersen ◽  
Sara E Cosgrove ◽  
Eili Y Klein ◽  
Xianming Zhu ◽  
Thomas C Quinn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
National Inpatient Sample ◽  
Hospital Discharges ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile

Abstract Data from the National Inpatient Sample indicate that Clostridioides difficile prevalence decreased from 10.3 (95%CI=10.1-10.5) to 8.7 (95%CI=8.5-8.8) per 1000 hospital discharges between 2016 and 2018, after accounting for age, sex, and race. There was heterogeneity in the prevalence and decrease in prevalence by geographic region in the United States.

Promotion of Walking for Transportation: A Report From the Walk to School Day Registry

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber E. Vaughn ◽  
Sarah C. Ball ◽  
Laura A. Linnan ◽  
Lauren M. Marchetti ◽  
William L. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Transportation ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Walk To School ◽  
Walking To School

Background:In the United States, promoting active transportation to school has received increased attention as a means of encouraging physical activity and preventing obesity among youth. However, little systematic evaluation of existing programs such as Walk to School (WTS) has occurred.Methods:WTS coordinators from across the United States were surveyed (via Web, mail, and telephone) about program activities, school and environmental characteristics, and perceived changes in children walking to school. As an exploratory aim, logistic-regression analyses were used to examine program characteristics associated with perceived increases in children walking.Results:From a database of 783 coordinators, 493 usable surveys were returned. Almost all respondents (98.2%) participated in a 1-day WTS event. Other common activities included promotional activities (72.7%), safety trainings (49.6%), walkability audits (48.5%), and designated safe walking routes (46.5%). As part of their WTS efforts, 24.4% made policy changes and 38.4% made changes to the physical environment. Logistic-regression analyses showed that policy changes, physical environment improvements, and number of activities were associated with the largest perceived increased in children walking to school.Conclusions:These findings help address the gap in knowledge about schools’ participation in WTS programs, and strategies are suggested to increase active transportation to school.

Patterns of Immigration and Public Assistance Utilization, 1970–1980

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Jensen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Public Assistance ◽  
Immigrant Families ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
To Receive

The recent surge in immigration to the United States has rekindled debate over the economic burden imposed by immigrants. This article explores the utilization of public assistance by immigrants and natives. The analysis goes beyond existing research by utilizing repeated cross-sectional data. Descriptive tables show that despite their higher poverty rates, immigrant families had only minimally higher public assistance recipiency rates compared to natives. Multivariate logistic regression analyses reveal that immigrant families were generally less likely than natives to receive public assistance, other things equal. There were exceptions to this generalization according to year of observation and race/ethnicity.

scholarly journals Is Universal Financial Education Putting the Cart Before the Horse?

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-332
Author(s):  
Kathryn Simms
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Policy Priority ◽  
Intense Debate

This study evaluates the effectiveness of extant financial education in the United States (i.e., employer-provided education, financial education in high school, and financial education in college) via linear regression and logistic regression analyses conducted on data from the 2012 National Financial Capability Study (NFCS). It concludes that although formal financial education is associated with improved financial literacy above and beyond general educational attainment, employer-provided education and financial education in US high schools are frequently associated directly or indirectly with increased odds of an adverse personal financial event (i.e., foreclosure, bankruptcy, or being underwater). Financial education in college is either not significant or is indirectly associated with reduced odds of some these adverse events. Given these findings, it seems that generating and evaluating rigorous empirical evidence about effective methods and curriculums for teaching financial education should be an immediate policy priority rather than requiring universal financial education in haste. However, requiring universal financial education may be a worthy long-term goal, after these more immediate policy needs are achieved. These findings and recommendations contribute to the literature by helping to resolve relatively intense debate among researchers about the effectiveness of financial education via the first study that examines the efficacy of financial literacy in a nationally representative, US database.

scholarly journals The Influence Of Religion On Remittances Sent To Relatives And Friends Back Home

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Smith Kelly ◽  
Blen Solomon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Religious Service ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Religious Service Attendance ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Legal Immigrants ◽  
Service Attendance

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none;"><span style="color: black; font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Using The Pilot for the New Immigrant Survey (NIS-P), a nationally representative sample of new legal immigrants to the United States, this paper examines how religiosity influences immigrants&rsquo; remitting behavior. Our analysis addresses two related questions. First, do immigrants from different religious affiliations differ in their remitting behavior? Second, does regular religious service attendance influence their remitting behavior? Our results from logistic regression analyses indicate that immigrants from different religious affiliations do differ in their remitting behavior. Catholics are more likely to remit than individuals with no religion. In contrast, Protestants and individuals from other religion are more likely to remit than Catholics. Regular religious service attendance is positively related to remitting behavior, however, this correlation is not statistically significant.</span></span></p>

scholarly journals Altitude and risk of sudden unexpected infant death in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Johnston ◽  
Xiaohan Yan ◽  
Tatiana M. Anderson ◽  
Edwin A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Infant Death ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sudden Infant ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Sudden Unexpected Infant Death ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Unexpected Infant Death

AbstractThe effect of altitude on the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) has been reported previously, but with conflicting findings. We aimed to examine whether the risk of sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) varies with altitude in the United States. Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)’s Cohort Linked Birth/Infant Death Data Set for births between 2005 and 2010 were examined. County of birth was used to estimate altitude. Logistic regression and Generalized Additive Model (GAM) were used, adjusting for year, mother’s race, Hispanic origin, marital status, age, education and smoking, father’s age and race, number of prenatal visits, plurality, live birth order, and infant’s sex, birthweight and gestation. There were 25,305,778 live births over the 6-year study period. The total number of deaths from SUID in this period were 23,673 (rate = 0.94/1000 live births). In the logistic regression model there was a small, but statistically significant, increased risk of SUID associated with birth at > 8000 feet compared with < 6000 feet (aOR = 1.93; 95% CI 1.00–3.71). The GAM showed a similar increased risk over 8000 feet, but this was not statistically significant. Only 9245 (0.037%) of mothers gave birth at > 8000 feet during the study period and 10 deaths (0.042%) were attributed to SUID. The number of SUID deaths at this altitude in the United States is very small (10 deaths in 6 years).

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