scholarly journals The effect of self-perceived stress, the history of smoking and drinking on weight status in Chinese adults - evidence from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey

Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (31) ◽  
pp. e21159
Author(s):  
Fang Yuan ◽  
Mengyun Wu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Huadong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Intra-Individual Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adults in China: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2811
Author(s):  
Qiumin Huang ◽  
Liusen Wang ◽  
Hongru Jiang ◽  
Huijun Wang ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition

Few studies have focused on quantifying the double burden of malnutrition (DBM) phenomenon in China. We aimed to clarify the prevalence of DBM among Chinese adults as well as to examine whether usual daily dietary micronutrient status varies by body mass index (BMI) categories. In this study, a sample of 6602 adults aged 18–59 years from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) was analyzed. Information was obtained on dietary intake and anthropometric measurements. Dietary intakes of 11 micronutrients were estimated based on the data collected by three consecutive days of 24 h recalls combined with the weighing of household seasonings. Dietary micronutrient deficiency was defined according to the cutoff of the Chinese estimated average requirement (EARs). 44% of Chinese adults faced the problem of DBM, of which nearly 40% experienced overweight/obesity and micronutrient deficiency simultaneously. Comparable percentages (>50%) of Chinese adults had dietary intake less than the Chinese EARs for key micronutrients including retinol, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin C, calcium, selenium, zinc, and magnesium, and the percentages varied by body weight status. More than 80% participants had at least two selected vitamin or mineral deficiencies in all BMI categories. These findings indicate that Chinese adults have a high DBM and micronutrient inadequacies prevail among and within gender and all BMI categories. All body weight groups need advice on the changing needs for dietary variety to ensure optimal health.

Associations between perceived stress and BMI and waist circumference in Chinese adults: Data from the 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Tian Tan ◽  
Cindy W. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Multinomial Regression ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Objectives: To assess the association between perceived stress and adiposity among Chinese adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Perceived stress was assessed using the 14-item perceived stress scale. Associations between quintiles of perceived stress and BMI (Body Mass Index) and waist circumference were assessed using in linear regression models and multinomial regression models. Estimates were adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics. Setting: 2015 China Health and Nutrition Survey: 12 provinces covering a variety of geographic, economic development, and health indicator situations. Participants: 8,385 adults of both genders, aged 18-99 years. Results: Overall, the mean perceived stress score was 22.7 (6.2), mean BMI was 24.3 (3.6) kg/m2, and prevalence of obesity (BMI≥30 kg/m2) was 6.0%. There were inverse associations between perceived stress quintiles with continuous BMI (P<0.001), BMI categories (P=0.015), and waist circumference (P=0.047). Compared to adults in the lowest quintile of perceived stress, adults in the highest quintile of perceived stress had 0.44 kg/m2 lower mean BMI (95% CI: -0.67,-0.21), 0.72 times the prevalence of obesity (95% CI: 0.55, 0.94) and 0.73 times the prevalence of abdominal obesity (95% CI: 0.61, 0.88). Results were similar when using Chinese-specific cut-points. Conclusion: Our results showed inverse associations between perceived stress quintiles and adiposity among Chinese adults. Future studies should aim to better understand the directionality of observed associations and the potential biological and behavioral mechanisms underlying these associations in the Chinese population.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Trajectories of Diet Quality and Subsequent Mortality Among Chinese Adults: Results from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 1997–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 544-544
Author(s):  
Ming-wei Liu ◽  
Rebecca Leech ◽  
Sarah McNaughton ◽  
Qi-qiang He
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group 2

Abstract Objectives China has witnessed a significant nutritional transition. But there is a gap in the literature investigating the effect of change of diet on mortality among Chinese. Thus, we aimed to explore the longitudinal trajectories of diet quality over ten years (from 1997 to 2006) and the subsequent risk of death from 2009 through 2015 among Chinese adults. Methods Data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were analyzed in 6398 adults. Dietary intake was assessed using three consecutive 24-h recalls. Diet quality was assessed by the Chinese Healthy Eating Index (CHEI), which includes 17 components and is based on the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese. The Latent Class Growth Analysis was conducted to derive trajectories of diet quality over ten years. And logistic models were used to calculate hazard ratios for total mortality. Models adjusted for age, sex, residence, education, household income, marital status, physical activity, smoke status, BMI, history of hypertension, and history of diabetes. Results Four distinct CHEI trajectories were identified: 1) persistently moderate; 2) acutely elevated from low to moderate and steady; 3) high and slightly elevated; 4) acutely descend and acutely elevated to moderate and steady. The “high and slightly elevated” group had the lowest mortality rate (6.0%) in the subsequent 6 years, while the two groups with a history of low diet quality had a higher mortality rate (8.8% for group 2 and 10.7% for group 4). The fully adjusted model showed that, as compared to the “persistently moderate” group, the mortality rates were higher among the two groups with a history of low diet quality. The relative risks and 95% confidence intervals were 1.58 (1.004, 2.47) for group 2 and 1.84 (1.20, 2.81) for group 4. Results for the “high and slightly elevated” group was not significant. Conclusions Long-term improved diet quality and adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese may decrease the risk of death in Chinese adults. Funding Sources None.

scholarly journals Growth and Weight Status in Chinese Children and Their Association with Family Environments

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
Xu Tian ◽  
Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Weight Status ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Growth Status ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The growth status and weight status of Chinese children have experienced remarkable changes in the past decades. Using China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data, this paper examines the secular trends and disparity of the growth status and weight status in Chinese children and further investigates the impact of various family environments on children’s growth from 1991 to 2011. We found an increasing trend in standardized growth indicators (height, weight, and BMI), overweight, and obesity from 1991 to 2011. We also observed an increasing disparity in overweight and obesity over time. Family environments had a significant impact on children’s growth status and weight status. In particular, children that live in families with a small size, higher family income, better sanitary conditions, and with well-educated parents or overweight parents tended to be taller and heavier and have a higher BMI, lower risk of being underweight, and higher risk of exhibiting overweight and obesity. Further decomposition analysis showed that more than 70% of the disparity in standardized height, weight, and overweight and around 50% of the disparity in standardized BMI, underweight, and obesity could be attributed to heterogeneity in family environments. Moreover, the disparity associated with family environments tended to increase over time.

scholarly journals Associations between Dietary Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load Values and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adults: Findings from the China Health and Nutrition Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Minjuan Li ◽  
Zhixin Cui ◽  
Shuangli Meng ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Tong Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Glycemic Index ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Studies investigating the associations between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) values and cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among Chinese populations are strikingly limited. To assess the associations between dietary GI and GL values and CMRF, including dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hyperuricemia in Chinese adults, we extracted data of 7886 apparently healthy adults from the 2009 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Dietary GI and GL values were calculated using data collected from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. Fasting lipid, glucose, and uric acid concentrations were measured and CMRF were defined on the basis of established criteria. There were no significant associations between dietary GI values and CMRF, and analyzing the data by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and region did not alter these results. Dietary GL values were positively associated with prevalence of hyperuricemia in all participants (Q4 compared with Q1: odds ratio (OR) = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.87; p-trend = 0.0030) and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia in participants ≥ 60 years old (Q5 compared with Q1: OR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.11, 2.68; p-trend < 0.0010). Higher dietary GL but not GI values were associated with increased prevalence of hyperuricemia in apparently healthy Chinese adults and hypercholesterolemia in older Chinese adults. Further studies are required to confirm the public health implication of these findings.

U-shaped Association Between Dietary Zinc Intake and New-onset Diabetes: A Nationwide Cohort Study in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panpan He ◽  
Huan Li ◽  
Mengyi Liu ◽  
Zhuxian Zhang ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Onset Diabetes ◽  
Household Food Inventory ◽  
Diagnosed Diabetes ◽  
New Onset

Abstract Aims We aimed to investigate the relationship of dietary zinc intake with new-onset diabetes among Chinese adults. Materials and Methods A total of 16 257 participants who were free of diabetes at baseline from the China Health and Nutrition Survey were included. Dietary intake was measured by 3 consecutive 24-hour dietary recalls combined with a household food inventory. Participants with self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes, or fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, or glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5% during the follow-up were defined as having new-onset diabetes. Results A total of 1097 participants developed new-onset diabetes during a median follow-up duration of 9.0 years. Overall, the association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset diabetes followed a U-shape (P for nonlinearity &lt; 0.001). The risk of new-onset diabetes was significantly lower in participants with zinc intake &lt; 9.1 mg/day (per mg/day: hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.60-0.88), and higher in those with zinc intake ≥ 9.1 mg/day (per mg/day: HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.07-1.13). Consistently, when dietary zinc intake was assessed as deciles, compared with those in deciles 2-8 (8.9 -&lt;12.2 mg/day), the risk of new-onset diabetes was higher for decile 1 (&lt;8.9 mg/day: HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.04-1.62), and deciles 9 to 10 (≥12.2 mg/day: HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.38-1.90). Similar U-shaped relations were found for plant-derived or animal-derived zinc intake with new-onset diabetes (all P for nonlinearity &lt; 0.001). Conclusions There was a U-shaped association between dietary zinc intake and new-onset diabetes in general Chinese adults, with an inflection point at about 9.1 mg/day.

scholarly journals Long-term BMI change trajectories in Chinese adults and its association with the hazard of type 2 diabetes: evidence from a 20-year China Health and Nutrition Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000879
Author(s):  
Baibing Mi ◽  
Chenlu Wu ◽  
Xiangyu Gao ◽  
Wentao Wu ◽  
Jiaoyang Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Change Trajectories ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Increased Risk

IntroductionTo investigate the relationship between long-term change trajectory in body mass index (BMI) and the hazard of type 2 diabetes among Chinese adults.Research design and methodsData were obtained from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). Type 2 diabetes was reported by participants themselves in each survey wave. The duration of follow-up was defined as the period from the first visit to the first time self-reported type 2 diabetes, death, or other loss to follow-up from CHNS. The patterns of change trajectories in BMI were derived by latent class trajectory analysis method. The Fine and Gray regression model was used to estimate HRs with corresponding 95% CIs for type 2 diabetes.ResultsFour patterns of the trajectories of change in BMI were identified among Chinese adults, 42.7% of participants had stable BMI change, 40.8% for moderate BMI gain, 8.9% for substantial BMI gain and 7.7% for weight loss. During the follow-up with mean 11.2 years (158 637 person-years contributed by 14 185 participants), 498 people with type 2 diabetes (3.7%) occurred. Risk of type 2 diabetes was increased by 47% among people who gained BMI more substantially and rapidly (HR: 1.47, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.02, p=0.016) and increased by 20% among those in people with the moderate BMI gain (HR: 1.20, 95% CI 0.98 to 1.48, p=0.078), compared with those with stable BMI change.ConclusionsLong-term substantial gain of BMI was significantly associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the Chinese adults.

scholarly journals The Visceral Adipose Index in Relation to Incidence of Hypertension in Chinese Adults: China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 805
Author(s):  
Yong Xue ◽  
Qun Shen ◽  
Chang Li ◽  
Zijian Dai ◽  
Tingchao He
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Hypertension is the most crucial single contributor to global burden of disease and mortality, while weight loss as a non-pharmacological strategy is recommended to reduce blood pressure. This study aims to examine the association between visceral adipose index (VAI) and hypertension in Chinese adults. Data were collected from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), consisting of 8374 apparently healthy participants aged ≥18 years in the 2009 CHNS for cross-sectional analysis, and 4275 participants at entry from 2009 to 2011 for cohort analysis. Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure (BP), and blood lipid were measured. Information of population characteristics, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet were determined by validated questionnaire. Higher VAI scores were significantly associated with higher BP levels and higher risk of hypertension after adjustment with potential confounders (all p-trend < 0.001). The adjusted hazard ratio of hypertension was 1.526 (95%CI: 1.194, 1.952; p-trend < 0.01) for participants in the highest quartile of VAI scores when compared with those in the lowest quartile after adjustment for age, physical activity, antihypertensive medication, total energy intake, salt intake, and other major lifestyle factors. VAI scores were significantly, longitudinally associated with hypertension development among apparently healthy Chinese adults.

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