A model balancing cooperation and competition can explain our right-handed world and the dominance of left-handed athletes

An overwhelming majority of humans are right-handed. Numerous explanations for individual handedness have been proposed, but this population-level handedness remains puzzling. Here, we present a novel mathematical model and use it to test the idea that population-level hand preference represents a balance between selective costs and benefits arising from cooperation and competition in human evolutionary history. We use the selection of elite athletes as a test-bed for our evolutionary model and find evidence for the validity of this idea. Our model gives the first quantitative explanation for the distribution of handedness both across and within many professional sports. It also predicts strong lateralization of hand use in social species with limited combative interaction, and elucidates the absence of consistent population-level ‘pawedness’ in some animal species.

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Handedness found in a wild group of moor monkeys in the Karaenta Nature Reserve, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Current Zoology ◽

10.1093/czoolo/56.2.209 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (2) ◽

pp. 209-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kunio Watanabe

Keyword(s):

Rhesus Monkeys ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Population Level ◽

Hand Preference ◽

Individual Level ◽

Left Handed ◽

South Sulawesi ◽

Wild Group ◽

Corn Grains

Abstract Hand preference of wild moor monkeys Macaca maurus was investigated in food reaching situations at the Karaenta Nature Reserve, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The frequency picking up sweet-corn grains to take into the mouth by either hand of monkeys was counted directly at the feeding ground where sweet-corn grains were scattered for monkeys. Among the 20 monkeys examined, 8 were right-handed, 8 were left-handed, and 4 were ambilateral. The results indicated the prevailed hand preference on individual level but not either trends of left- or right-hand preference on population level. The trend toward a higher proportion of left-handed monkeys found in Japanese and rhesus monkeys was not found. Some other characteristics found in moor monkeys are discussed in comparison with those previous findings in Japanese and Tibetan macaques in order to evaluate variations within the genus Macaca.

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Hand and paw preferences in relation to the lateralized brain

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences ◽

10.1098/rstb.2008.0225 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 364 (1519) ◽

pp. 943-954 ◽

Cited By ~ 131

Author(s):

Lesley J Rogers

Keyword(s):

Brain Structure ◽

Population Level ◽

Hand Preference ◽

Task Demands ◽

Brain Lateralization ◽

Broad Perspective ◽

Left Handed ◽

Left And Right ◽

Per Se ◽

Hand Preferences

Hand preferences of primates are discussed as part of the broad perspective of brain lateralization in animals, and compared with paw preferences in non-primates. Previously, it has been suggested that primates are more likely to express a species-typical hand preference on complex tasks, especially in the case of coordinated hand use in using tools. I suggest that population-level hand preferences are manifested when the task demands the obligate use of the processing specialization of one hemisphere, and that this depends on the nature of the task rather than its complexity per se . Depending on the species, simple reaching tasks may not demand the obligate use of a specialized hemisphere and so do not constrain limb/hand use. In such cases, individuals may show hand preferences that are associated with consistent differences in behaviour. The individual's hand preference is associated with the expression of behaviour controlled by the hemisphere contralateral to the preferred hand (fear and reactivity in left-handed individuals versus proactivity in right-handed individuals). Recent findings of differences in brain structure between left- and right-handed primates (e.g. somatosensory cortex in marmosets) have been discussed and related to potential evolutionary advances.

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A-079 Hand Preference in Men and Women with Parkinson’s Disease: A Preliminary Investigation

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acaa068.079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (6) ◽

pp. 871-871

Author(s):

Ryan J ◽

Kreiner D ◽

Gontkovsky S ◽

Paolo A

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Neurological Disorders ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Preliminary Investigation ◽

Hand Preference ◽

Dominant Hand ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Left Handed ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Objective Research has identified common genetic influences on handedness and neurological/mental health phenotypes. It also has been shown there may be increased risk for development of neurological disorders/diseases among individuals naturally left-handed or demonstrating non-right-hand preference. This investigation examined prevalence of right-handed versus non-right-handed individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) compared to controls. Method Participants were 264 patients with PD (mean age = 69.83 years) and 256 control volunteers (mean age = 71.42 years). Mean Dementia Rating Scale composites for the groups were 123.68 and 136.00, respectively. Participants self-identified their dominant hand for writing and usage was confirmed during the session. Results Proportions of non-right- and right-handed controls (7.0% and 93.0%) versus individuals with PD (6.8% and 93.2%) did not differ. Changes in proportions of non-right- and right-handedness across age ranges were not significant for controls or patients. There was a trend for a larger proportion of women (55.9%) versus men among controls (44.1%), □ 2 (1) = 3.29, p < .10; whereas, the proportion of men (64.4%) with PD was larger than that of women. (35.6%), □ 2 (1) = 21.31, p < .001. For controls and patients, non-right and right handedness gender proportions were similar. Conclusions This study is the first to assess handedness prevalence rates in PD. Results suggest prevalence of non-right handedness is similar in PD and healthy individuals and does not appear to differ markedly by gender or with advancing age. The occurrence of a trend for a larger proportion of women than men among controls is consistent with census-based statistics.

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Extending QGroundControl for Automated Mission Planning of UAVs

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s18072339 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 2339 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Cristian Ramirez-Atencia ◽

David Camacho

Keyword(s):

Flight Control ◽

Low Cost ◽

Real Life ◽

Mission Planning ◽

Human Computer Interface ◽

Simulation Environment ◽

Test Bed ◽

Multiple Vehicles ◽

Operator Workload ◽

Selection Of

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have become very popular in the last decade due to some advantages such as strong terrain adaptation, low cost, zero casualties, and so on. One of the most interesting advances in this field is the automation of mission planning (task allocation) and real-time replanning, which are highly useful to increase the autonomy of the vehicle and reduce the operator workload. These automated mission planning and replanning systems require a Human Computer Interface (HCI) that facilitates the visualization and selection of plans that will be executed by the vehicles. In addition, most missions should be assessed before their real-life execution. This paper extends QGroundControl, an open-source simulation environment for flight control of multiple vehicles, by adding a mission designer that permits the operator to build complex missions with tasks and other scenario items; an interface for automated mission planning and replanning, which works as a test bed for different algorithms, and a Decision Support System (DSS) that helps the operator in the selection of the plan. In this work, a complete guide of these systems and some practical use cases are provided

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Prevalence and Heritability of Handedness in a Hong Kong Chinese Twin and Singleton Sample

10.31234/osf.io/anq79 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mo Zheng ◽

Catherine McBride ◽

Connie Suk-Han Ho ◽

Jonathan Ka-Chun Chan ◽

Kwong Wai Choy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Reference Data ◽

Hand Preference ◽

Hong Kong Chinese ◽

Left Handedness ◽

Left Handed ◽

Chinese School ◽

Heritability Analysis ◽

Definition Of

Left-Handedness prevalence has been consistently reported at around 10% with heritability estimates at around 25%. Higher left-handedness prevalence has been reported in males and in twins. Lower prevalence has been reported in Asia, but it remains unclear whether this is due to biological or cultural factors. Most studies are based on samples with European ethnicities and using the preferred hand for writing as the key assessment. Here, we investigated handedness in a sample of Chinese school children in Hong Kong, including 426 singletons and 205 pairs of twins, using both the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and Pegboard Task. Based on a binary definition of writing hand, we found a higher prevalence of left-handedness (8%) than what was previously reported in Asian datasets. We found no evidence of increased left-handedness in twins, but our results were in line with previous findings showing that males have a higher tendency to be left-handed than females. Heritability was similar for both hand preference (21%) and laterality indexes (22%). However, these two handedness measures present only a moderate correlation (.42) and appear to be underpinned by different genetic factors. In summary, we report new reference data for an ethnic group usually underrepresented in the literature. Our heritability analysis supports the idea that different measures will capture different components of handedness and, as a consequence, datasets assessed with heterogeneous criteria are not easily combined or compared.

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Hand Preference and Creativity of Papua University Student

Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA ◽

10.29303/jppipa.v8i1.914 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 257-262

Author(s):

Vionita Putri ◽

Elda Irma Jeanne Joice Kawulur ◽

Febriza Dwiranti ◽

Sabarita Sinuraya ◽

Sita Ratnawati

Keyword(s):

Hand Preference ◽

University Student ◽

Creative People ◽

Left Hand ◽

Adjective Check List ◽

Left Handed ◽

Males And Females ◽

Papua Barat ◽

The Right ◽

Descriptive Method

Human has a preference to use their hands for various manual activities. Left-handed preference is people who tend to use their left hand to perform various manual activities, while right-handed people tend to use right-handed. Any researches show that the left-handed preference for more creativity was influenced by the dominant use of the right brain and bigger corpus callosum. The research aims to determine the percentage of left-handed preference and their creativity in Universitas Papua, Manokwari Papua Barat. The method used in this research is the descriptive method. Data collection used a questionnaire to evaluate individual hand preference using Handedness Questionnaire and to determine individual creativity using Adjective Check List. The percentage of left-handed people in UNIPA were 9.3% or lower than right-handed and higher than ambidextrous. Our study supports the statement about selection in handedness in the traditional society which showed a higher percentage of left-hander as advantages related to using hand intensively. The percentage of left-handed males and females was almost equal and strongly left-handed was higher in females. The percentage of creative people was higher in left-handed, especially in males

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Individual-Level and Population-Level Lateralization: Two Sides of the Same Coin

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym10120739 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 739 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Elisa Frasnelli ◽

Giorgio Vallortigara

Keyword(s):

Evolutionarily Stable Strategy ◽

Population Level ◽

Point Of View ◽

Theoretical Point ◽

Evolutionarily Stable Strategies ◽

Functional Roles ◽

Individual Level ◽

Social Species ◽

The Individual ◽

Evolutionarily Stable

Lateralization, i.e., the different functional roles played by the left and right sides of the brain, is expressed in two main ways: (1) in single individuals, regardless of a common direction (bias) in the population (aka individual-level lateralization); or (2) in single individuals and in the same direction in most of them, so that the population is biased (aka population-level lateralization). Indeed, lateralization often occurs at the population-level, with 60–90% of individuals showing the same direction (right or left) of bias, depending on species and tasks. It is usually maintained that lateralization can increase the brain’s efficiency. However, this may explain individual-level lateralization, but not population-level lateralization, for individual brain efficiency is unrelated to the direction of the asymmetry in other individuals. From a theoretical point of view, a possible explanation for population-level lateralization is that it may reflect an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) that can develop when individually asymmetrical organisms are under specific selective pressures to coordinate their behavior with that of other asymmetrical organisms. This prediction has been sometimes misunderstood as it is equated with the idea that population-level lateralization should only be present in social species. However, population-level asymmetries have been observed in aggressive and mating displays in so-called “solitary” insects, suggesting that engagement in specific inter-individual interactions rather than “sociality” per se may promote population-level lateralization. Here, we clarify that the nature of inter-individuals interaction can generate evolutionarily stable strategies of lateralization at the individual- or population-level, depending on ecological contexts, showing that individual-level and population-level lateralization should be considered as two aspects of the same continuum.

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Dataset of Targeted Metabolite Analysis for Five Taxanes of Hellenic Taxus baccata L. Populations

Data ◽

10.3390/data5010022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Eleftheria Dalmaris ◽

Evangelia V. Avramidou ◽

Aliki Xanthopoulou ◽

Filippos A. Aravanopoulos

Keyword(s):

Natural Populations ◽

Population Level ◽

Primary Sources ◽

Taxus Baccata ◽

Metabolite Analysis ◽

Data Set ◽

Baccatin Iii ◽

Significant Seasonal Variation ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Selection Of

Novel primary sources of one of the world’s leading anticancer agent, paclitaxel, as well as of other antineoplastic taxanes such as 10-deacetylbaccatin-III, are needed to meet an increasing demand. Among the Taxus species the promise of Taxus baccata L. (European or English yew) has been documented. In this study, the metabolite analysis of two marginal T. baccata populations in Greece (Mt. Cholomon and Mt. Olympus), located at the southeastern edge of the species natural distribution, are being explored. A targeted liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis was used to determine the content of 10-deacetylbaccatin III, baccatin III, 10-deacetyltaxol, paclitaxel and cephalomannine in the needles of each of the populations from three sampling periods (spring, summer and winter). This is the first survey to generate a taxane targeted metabolite data set, since it derives from Hellenic natural populations that have not been explored before. Furthermore, it has used an extensive sample design in order to evaluate chemodiversity at the population level. The analysis revealed significant levels of chemodiversity within and among the investigated populations and significant seasonal variation that could be exploited for the selection of superior germplasm native to Greece, for yew plantations and further exploitation which is necessary for the production of important taxanes.

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Simulation Tools for Underwater Sensor Networks: A Survey

Network Protocols and Algorithms ◽

10.5296/npa.v8i4.10471 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 41 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Anjana P Das ◽

Sabu M Thampi

Keyword(s):

Open Source ◽

Underwater Sensor Networks ◽

Simulation Tool ◽

Simulation Environment ◽

Test Bed ◽

Simulation Tools ◽

Data Links ◽

Practical Challenge ◽

Complete Test ◽

Selection Of

In underwater sensor network(UWSN) research, it is highly expensive to deploy a complete test bed involving complex network structure and data links to validate a network protocol or an algorithm. This practical challenge points to the need of a simulation environment which can reproduce the actual underwater scenario without the loss of generality. Since so many simulators are proposed for UWSN simulation, the selection of an appropriate tool based on the research requirement is very important in validation and interpretation of results. This paper provides an in-depth survey of different simulation tools available for UWSN simulation. We compared the features offered by each tool, pre-requirements, and provide the run time experiences of some of the open source tools. We conducted simulation of sample scenarios in some of the open source tools and compared the results. This survey helps a researcher to identify a simulation tool satisfying their specific research requirements.

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Foot Performance of Right- and Left-Handers: A Question of Environmental Influence

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1995.80.2.671 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 80 (2) ◽

pp. 671-674 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Carl Gabbard ◽

Susan Hart

Keyword(s):

Environmental Influence ◽

Hand Preference ◽

Adequate Explanation ◽

Driving Experience ◽

Left Hand ◽

Left Handed ◽

Right Hand ◽

Theoretical Perspectives ◽

The Difference ◽

The Right

Prior research has shown that right-handed adults perform better on a speed-tapping task with the right hand and right foot, while left-handers execute more rapidly with the left hand and right foot. Speculation is that environmental influence, most likely driving experience, may account for the right-foot bias. To examine this hypothesis further, 48 young right- and left-handed children were tested on a similar protocol. Analyses indicated no significant differences in foot performance within hand-preference groups. Since these findings do not complement reports for adults, factors such as experience or maturation might contribute to the difference. Were patterns similar, the effect of environmental influence would be assumed to be small. However, much more evidence is needed before an adequate explanation can be developed. The issue of possible environmental influence is discussed from various theoretical perspectives.

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