President's Speech, 1959

On behalf of the Royal Society I thank Lord Chandos for having proposed this toast: and for all the wise and entertaining things he has said in the course of his speech. Another wise and witty man, King Charles II, founded the Society believing it would be of some use to the nation and the world, and we like to think that after three centuries it is still doing its job. It is specially gratifying to have the health of the Society proposed by someone of the many parts of Lord Chandos—soldier, statesman, industrialist—and I may say an industrialist with a view extending over more than one of our very greatest industries. He has spoken with a voice of unrivalled authority: and mixed his strength with sweetness in a way for which we are all grateful. One of the complications of life is that for so many different purposes the year begins at different times: we have the calendar year and the academic year and that terrifying cycle which begins on the 6 April, to mention only a few. The Royal Society year seems to start at about 4 p.m. on St Andrew’s Day. The exact moment varies and depends upon the garrulity of the President in his address, but there is no doubt that the Anniversary Dinner is the very first event of the new order. The speeches tonight therefore constitute what might be called the dawn chorus of the tercentenary year of the Society. (I shall not, however, attempt to say which speaker represents which bird.) Preparations for the celebrations are now in full swing, and have for some time been involving committees of the Fellows, and above all Dr Martin and the Society’s staff in much hard work for which I want, first of all, to take this opportunity of thanking them most warmly.

1746 ◽  
Vol 44 (482) ◽  
pp. 388-395

The World is much obliged to Mons. le Monnier for the many Discoverics he has made of the Power of Electricity; though the Reason of my troubling you with this Paper at this time, is my differing with that Gentleman in the Conclusions which he deduces from several of the Experiments contain’d in his Memoir lately presented to the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris , his own Extract of which was lately communicated to the Royal Society .


I. Statutes relating to the admission of Fellows of the Royal Society. That inhabitants of the British colonies in America were sometimes elected Fellows of the Royal Society of London has been known since the foundation of the Society, but no one has attempted to prepare from the Society’s original records a complete list of colonial Fellows. 2 Such a list, as it may indicate the names of those colonial scientists, both amateur and professional, who, by constant intercourse with Fellows of the Royal Society in England and with the Society itself as a corporate body, contributed most to the introduction and development of * 34 experimental philosophy ’ in the New World, it is the purpose of this paper to supply. From the aims and practices both of its immediate predecessors, the groups that met in Oxford and in London, and of a number of its earliest Fellows, the Royal Society inherited as a prime motive of its existence the accurate collection, classification, and interpretation of scientific data from all parts of the world. Such an undertaking required collaborators in remote places, and in the first charter of the Society (15 July 1662),4 for the improvement of the experiments, arts, and sciences of the aforesaid Royal Society/ Charles II granted to the President, Council, and Fellows of the Society, and to their successors, the privilege `. . . to enjoy mutual intelligence and knowledge with all and all manner of strangers and foreigners, whether private or collegiate, corporate or politic, without any molestation, interruption, or disturbance whatsoever: Provided nevertheless, that this our indulgence, so granted as it is aforesaid, be not extended to further use than the particular benefit and interest of the aforesaid Royal Society in matters or things philosophical, mathematical, or mechanical.’ 3


Richard B. Fisher, Edward Jenner 1749-823.London: André Deutsch, 1991. Pp. 361, £20.00. ISBN 0 233 98681 2 In the summer of 1796, Joseph Banks, long-serving President of the Royal Society, turned down Jenner’s Inquiry on what he called the variolae vaccinae as ‘inadequate’ for publication in the Philosophical Transactions . Barely two years later a revised version, with several additions to the originally very few experimental cowpox inoculations, was published privately. The blurb’s claim that Jenner thus ‘freed mankind from "the spotted plague", smallpox’, seems an exaggerated tribute which ignores the hard work of successive later generations to provide a safe, theoretical basis for Jenner’s empiricism, and also the enormous technical and financial resources invested by the World Health Organization in the prolonged global campaign which finally achieved eradication of smallpox nearly 200 years later. Even within Edward Jenner’s own lifetime, the story of the progress of ‘vaccination’ as opposed to ‘variolation’ was a complex one, not helped by his failure to realize the need for periodic re-vaccination.


Author(s):  
Karl Kraus

This chapter recognises that, in the journalism and rhetoric of the new creed, there has not been a single German verbal expression that has not belied its purported content. Among the many neologisms inspired by the upheaval, this is already indicated by “Nazi,” the concept on which a revelation of the World Spirit is supposedly based, together with other phrases that could never have been conceived or formulated before the onset of the new order. What is exceptional, however, is the ability to continue in this creative spirit with true-to-type neologisms that adapt language to the needs of the regime's profound duplicity and accentuate its sanctimonious bent, the tendency to draw a veil over ignominious actions. Virtually every communiqué adds further examples of violence disguised as the norm, as when forcible entry into someone's home is described as “rehabilitation.” Or when failure is presented as imminent success and someone stretches the facts by reporting that a rival militia has been “deconstructed.”


2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Moh Farhan

<p>Abstract<br />This article would like to examine the values of the characters of students Asshodiqiyah islamic Boarding School Semarang. Character education is a very strategic issue today. This can be seen from the many cases of moral decadence that has entered the world of education. Starting from the persecution of students even to murder. Of course this causes anxiety for all of us.<br />From that, it is necessary to be disclosed as one prototype model of character value education conducted in islamic boarding school as an indigenous institution that has proven to be the front guard in carrying out character education because the students of this islamic boarding school live for 24 hours under the watch of the kiai. <br />The issues raised in this article are: 1) How is the activity of the students in Asshodiqiyah islamic boarding school Semarang, 2) What are the character values developed in Asshodiqiyah islamic boarding school Semarang. This research is a qualitative descriptive research in which the researcher presents various data obtained from observation, interview, and documentation. <br />From the research that has been done, the results show that: 1) students’ activity in Asshodiqiyah islamic boarding school Semarang can be classified in the form of routine and incidental activity, whereas 2) The character values developed in Asshodiqiyah islamic boarding school Semarang are religious, honest, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, democratic, curiosity, spirit of nationalism, love of the homeland, appreciate achievement, communicative, love peace, love reading, caring environment, social care, responsibility. <br /><br />Abstrak<br />Artikel ini ingin mengkaji tentang Nilai-nilai karakter dalam komunitas mahasantri di Pondok Pesantren Asshodiqiyah Semarang. Pendidikan karakter menjadi isu yang sangat strategis dewasa ini. Hal tersebut bisa kita lihat dari banyaknya kasus dekadensi moral yang sudah masuk dalam dunia pendidikan. Mulai dari penganiayaan yang dilakukan siswa bahkan sampai pembunuhan. Tentu saja hal ini menyebabkan kegelisahan bagi kita semua. <br />Dari itulah perlu kiranya untuk diungkap sebagai salah satu prototype model pendidikan nilai karakter yang dilakukan di pesantren sebagai lembaga indigenous yang telah terbukti menjadi garda terdepan dalam melaksanakan pendidikan karakter karena memang para santri bermukim selama 24 jam di bawah pantauan sang kiai.<br />Permasalahan yang diangkat dalam artikel ini adalah : 1) Bagaimana aktifitas mahasantri di Pondok Pesantren Asshodiqiyah Semarang, 2) Apakah nilai-nilai karakter yang dikembangkan di Pondok Pesantren Asshodiqiyah Semarang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang mana peneliti menyajikan berbagai macam data yang diperoleh dari hasil observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. <br />Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, didapatkan hasil bahwa: 1) Aktifitas mahasantri di Pondok Pesantren Asshodiqiyah Semarang dapat diklasifikasikan berupa kegiatan rutin dan insidental, sedangkan 2) Nilai-nilai karakter yang dikembangkan di Pondok Pesantren Asshodiqiyah Semarang diantaranya berupa nilai religius, jujur, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, semangat kebangsaan atau nasionalisme, cinta tanah air, menghargai prestasi, komunikatif, cinta damai, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, tanggung jawab.<br /><br /></p>


FRED BAWDEN died after a short illness on 8 February. He had been unwell during the previous week, but carried on at full pressure because he was anxious to finish the Rothamsted annual report, which he managed to do on the Friday evening before his death. Those of us who worked with Fred at Rothamsted or at the Royal Society realized at once that we had lost a personal friend as well as the most distinguished agricultural scientist in the Commonwealth. From the many letters that have come in since his death it is evident that our feeling of loss is shared by scientists throughout the world. The common theme that runs through these messages are Bawden’s warmth and humour, his practical and helpful qualities and his contribution to both biology and agriculture.


1932 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-62

The death of Sir Otto Beit on December 7, 1930, deprived the world of the services of one of the most enlightened benefactors of scientific research in the British Empire, a man with remarkably wide and generous views as to the paramount importance of furthering, in the interests of humanity, our knowledge of the phenomena of nature. It may truly be said that his aims were singularly akin to those of the founders of the Royal Society, who laid down the precept that the purpose of the Society should be the advancement or furtherance of natural knowledge. Although in the carrying out of the numerous specific endowments that he founded, he necessarily had advisers, nevertheless he himself always maintained a very close touch, not only with the institutions that he equipped, but also with many of the individual workers, the holders of the many research fellowships founded by him. He took a real personal interest in their work and in the results obtained through their researches, and was remarkably conversant with the nature and objects of these researches.


2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-252
Author(s):  
Deborah Solomon

This essay draws attention to the surprising lack of scholarship on the staging of garden scenes in Shakespeare's oeuvre. In particular, it explores how garden scenes promote collaborative acts of audience agency and present new renditions of the familiar early modern contrast between the public and the private. Too often the mention of Shakespeare's gardens calls to mind literal rather than literary interpretations: the work of garden enthusiasts like Henry Ellacombe, Eleanour Sinclair Rohde, and Caroline Spurgeon, who present their copious gatherings of plant and flower references as proof that Shakespeare was a garden lover, or the many “Shakespeare Gardens” around the world, bringing to life such lists of plant references. This essay instead seeks to locate Shakespeare's garden imagery within a literary tradition more complex than these literalizations of Shakespeare's “flowers” would suggest. To stage a garden during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries signified much more than a personal affinity for the green world; it served as a way of engaging time-honored literary comparisons between poetic forms, methods of audience interaction, and types of media. Through its metaphoric evocation of the commonplace tradition, in which flowers double as textual cuttings to be picked, revised, judged, and displayed, the staged garden offered a way to dramatize the tensions produced by creative practices involving collaborative composition and audience agency.


2020 ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Saifudin Asrori ◽  
Ahmad Syauqi

Abstract. The Islamic education, Islamic boarding schools and madrasas, have made a very significant contribution to the implementation of education and social reform. Through the teaching process, in which the kyai as the main figure and the use of the ‘yellow book’, traditional Islamic ideas colored the early days of growing awareness as a nation and a State. When the New Order government carried out the development and modernization of society, there was a revival of a Muslim group called the “new middle class santri”, which took place in line with the modernization that occurred in the traditional Islamic educational institutions of the pesantren. Then in the era of democratization, the world of Islamic education experienced growth and development in various religious institutions and styles. Most of the pesantren are still committed to maintaining a moderate religious style, recognized as the foundation for the development of civil society and the formation of a ‘distinctive’, friendly, moderate, and tolerant social-political identity of Indonesian society. The Muslim character is different from other regions, especially the Middle East which is the axis of the Islamic world. However, a small proportion of pesantren are thought to promote the growth of religious chauvinism, teach a ‘narrow’ interpretation of Islam and provide a framework of thought and action in responding to socio-political change which often takes the form of a ‘jihad’. This article tries to explore the contribution of Islamic education to social change in the Indonesian Muslim community. Abstark. Dunia pendidikan Islam, pesantren dan madrasah, memberikan kontribusi sangat berarti dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan dan reformasi kemasyarakatan. Melalui proses pengajaran, di mana kyai sebagai figur utama dan penggunaan ‘kitab kuning’, gagasan Islam tradisional mewarnai masa-masa awal tumbuhnya kesadaran sebagai bangsa dan Negara. Ketika pemerintah Orde Baru melakukan pembangunan dan modernisasi masyarakat, terjadi kebangkitan kelompok Muslim yang di sebut “kelas menengah santri baru”, berlangsung sejalan dengan modernisasi yang terjadi dalam lembaga pendidikan Islam tradisional pesantren. Kemudian pada era demokratisasi, dunia pendidikan Islam mengalami pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam beragam kelembagaan dan corak keagamaan. Sebagian besar pesantren masih tetap istiqomah dalam mempertahankan corak keagamaan yang moderat, diakui sebagai pondasi berkembangnya masyarakat sipil dan pembentukan identitas sosial-politik masyarakat Indonesia yang ‘khas’, ramah, moderat, dan toleran. Karakter Muslim yang berbeda dengan kawasan lainnya, khususnya Timur-Tengah yang merupakan poros dunia Islam. Namun ada sebagian kecil pesantren dianggap mendorong tumbuhnya chauvinisme keagamaan, mengajarkan penafsiran Islam yang ‘sempit’ dan memberikan kerangka pemikiran dan aksi dalam merespons perubahan sosial-politik yang seringkali berbentuk panggilan ‘jihad’. Artikel ini mencoba mengeksplorasi kontribusi pendidikan Islam dalam perubahan sosial masyarakat Muslim Indonesia.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alwi Musa Muzaiyin

Trade is a form of business that is run by many people around the world, ranging from trading various kinds of daily necessities or primary needs, to selling the need for luxury goods for human satisfaction. For that, to overcome the many needs of life, they try to outsmart them buy products that are useful, economical and efficient. One of the markets they aim at is the second-hand market or the so-called trashy market. As for a trader at a trashy market, they aim to sell in the used goods market with a variety of reasons. These reasons include; first, because it is indeed to fulfill their needs. Second, the capital needed to trade at trashy markets is much smaller than opening a business where the products come from new goods. Third, used goods are easily available and easily sold to buyer. Here the researcher will discuss the behavior of Muslim traders in a review of Islamic business ethics (the case in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market). Kediri Jagalan Trashy Market is central to the sale of used goods in the city of Kediri. Where every day there are more than 300 used merchants who trade in the market. The focus of this research is how the behavior of Muslim traders in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market in general. Then, from the large number of traders, of course not all traders have behavior in accordance with Islamic business ethics, as well as traders who are in accordance with the rules of Islamic business ethics. This study aims to determine how the behavior of Muslim traders in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market in buying and selling transactions and to find out how the behavior of Muslim traders in the Jagalan Kediri Trashy Market in reviewing Islamic business ethics. Key Words: Trade, loak market, Islamic business


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