scholarly journals Hydration affects the physical and mechanical properties of baleen tissue

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 160591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Werth ◽  
Robert W. Harriss ◽  
Michael V. Rosario ◽  
J. Craig George ◽  
Todd L. Sformo
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Eubalaena Glacialis ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Bowhead Whales ◽  
North Atlantic Right Whales ◽  
Hydrophobic Pollutants ◽  
And Function ◽  
Alpha Keratin

Baleen, an anisotropic oral filtering tissue found only in the mouth of mysticete whales and made solely of alpha-keratin, exhibits markedly differing physical and mechanical properties between dried or (as in life) hydrated states. On average baleen is 32.35% water by weight in North Atlantic right whales ( Eubalaena glacialis ) and 34.37% in bowhead whales ( Balaena mysticetus ). Baleen's wettability measured by water droplet contact angles shows that dried baleen is hydrophobic whereas hydrated baleen is highly hydrophilic. Three-point flexural bending tests of mechanical strength reveal that baleen is strong yet ductile. Dried baleen is brittle and shatters at about 20–30 N mm −2 but hydrated baleen is less stiff; it bends with little force and absorbed water is squeezed out when force is applied. Maximum recorded stress was 4× higher in dried (mean 14.29 N mm −2 ) versus hydrated (mean 3.69 N mm −2 ) baleen, and the flexural stiffness was >10× higher in dried (mean 633N mm −2 ) versus hydrated (mean 58 N mm −2 ) baleen. In addition to documenting hydration's powerful effects on baleen, this study indicates that baleen is far more pliant and malleable than commonly supposed, with implications for studies of baleen's structure and function as well as its susceptibility to oil or other hydrophobic pollutants.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Inorganic Particles Filled Individual Bamboo Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1930-1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Gao ◽  
Ge Wang ◽  
Hai Tao Cheng ◽  
Sheldon Q. Shi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Inorganic Nanoparticles ◽  
Submicron Particles ◽  
Inorganic Particles ◽  
Bamboo Fibers

The objectives of the current study involve in situ depositing treatments of calcium carbonate particles onto bamboo fibers through the ionic reaction of sodium carbonate and calcium chloride aqueous solution at varied bath temperatures, and their impacts on surface features, wettability and tensile properties of single bamboo fibers. Field emission scanning electron microscopy was employed to characterize surface morphology of fibers. The wettability of bamboo fibers was evaluated by optical contact angle measurement instrument. The results show that nanoparticles and submicron particles grew into the wrinkles and micropores of fibers, the size, morphology and adsorbance of which were distinctively varied at different bath temperatures. The highest calcium carbonate adsorbance (2.34%) was obtained at 25°C. Besides, the mean values of contact angles increased and the variations within group were reduced as the loading percentage of particles rose, which might be due to reduced hydrophilic groups after coatings of calcium carbonate particles. The treatments were approved to enhance tensile properties of single bamboo fibers, comparing to the average tensile strengh and modulus of elasticity of the untreated, those of the treated bamboo fibers with the biggest calcium carbonate loading were higher by 30.50% and 32.71% respectively. It’s proved that the precipitating treatment is a useful method to densify and hydrophobize bamboo fibers and smooth out cell wall defects. What’s more, it provide explanations for improvements of physical and mechanical properties of paper and fiber reinforced plastic composites filled with inorganic nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels Originated from Different Organs Mediate Tissue-Specific Properties and Function

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (21) ◽  
pp. 11624
Author(s):  
Tzila Davidov ◽  
Yael Efraim ◽  
Rotem Hayam ◽  
Jacopo Oieni ◽  
Limor Baruch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cells ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tissue Specific ◽  
Gene Expression Analyses ◽  
Composition Structure ◽  
Induced Pluripotent ◽  
And Function ◽  
First Time

Porcine extracellular matrix (pECM)-derived hydrogels were introduced, in recent years, aiming to benefit the pECM’s microstructure and bioactivity, while controlling the biomaterial’s physical and mechanical properties. The use of pECM from different tissues, however, offers tissue-specific features that can better serve different applications. In this study, pECM hydrogels derived from cardiac, artery, pancreas, and adipose tissues were compared in terms of composition, structure, and mechanical properties. While major similarities were demonstrated between all the pECM hydrogels, their distinctive attributes were also identified, and their substantial effects on cell-ECM interactions were revealed. Furthermore, through comprehensive protein and gene expression analyses, we show, for the first time, that each pECM hydrogel supports the spontaneous differentiation of induced pluripotent stem cells towards the resident cells of its origin tissue. These findings imply that the origin of ECM should be carefully considered when designing a biomedical platform, to achieve a maximal bioactive impact.

scholarly journals A New Composite Restorative Based on a Hydrophobic Matrix

1979 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1981-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.H. Douglas ◽  
R.G. Craig ◽  
C.J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hydrophobic Surface ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Alkyl Methacrylate ◽  
Oral Fluids ◽  
Hydrophobic Matrix ◽  
Highly Hydrophobic

A hydrophobic restorative composite based on a fluorocarbon analog of an alkyl methacrylate and a bisphenol adduct was formulated into a one-paste system, which polymerized in the presence of blue light. Physical, mechanical, and water-related properties were determined. High contact angles and low water sorption were shown by the experimental composite. Capillary penetration of oral fluids around restorations, therefore, could be prevented in the presence of this highly hydrophobic surface. The physical and mechanical properties of the experimental composite were either comparable to or somewhat less favorable than commercial Bis-GMA composites.

scholarly journals Syntactic core composite sandwich (SCCS) with thermoplastic foam and expanded glass granulate core

2019 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Alexander Hackert ◽  
Patrick Schaarschmidt ◽  
Tristan Timmel ◽  
Lothar Kroll
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Manufacturing Strategy ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Composite Sandwich ◽  
Thermoplastic Foam ◽  
Essential Prerequisite ◽  
Highly Porous

Ultra light, highly porous materials arranged as a sandwich structure with thermoplastic fiber reinforced composites (TP-FRC) as a cover layer have very good physical and mechanical properties. An essential prerequisite for the production of hybrid material composites is therefore the provision of material compatible and cost effective manufacturing processes. The lightweight potential of such a syntactic core composite sandwich (SCCS) with thermoplastic and expanded glass granules was examined with the aim of a mass production. After developing a manufacturing strategy, various samples are prepared and their mechanical properties are evaluated by performing bending tests and examination of micrographs.

The Application of Calcium Sulfate Whisker in Styrene-Acrylic Emulsions

2010 ◽  
Vol 152-153 ◽  
pp. 821-824
Author(s):  
Hong Bo Liu ◽  
Ji Hu Wang ◽  
Shao Guo Wen ◽  
Chen Yu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Coating Films ◽  
Pencil Hardness ◽  
Calcium Sulfate Whiskers ◽  
Titanium Dioxides ◽  
Calcium Sulfate Whisker ◽  
Dispersing Agents

The styrene-acrylic emulsions were prepared by copolymerization of styrene, acrylic acid and n-butyl acrylate; coatings were achieved by adding calcium sulfate whiskers and titanium dioxides at the presence of dispersing agents and rheological additives. The physical and mechanical properties as well as contact angles of coating films formed on tinplate were characterized in detail. The pencil hardness was slightly decreased; the contact angle was greatly decreased from 69.8o to 12oby adding the calcium sulfate to indicate the hydrophilic coating films may have self-cleaning properties.

Development of Green Composite: Pineapple Leaf Fibers (PALF) Reinforced Polylactide (PLA)

2015 ◽  
Vol 761 ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Farahiyan Munawar ◽  
Nurul Hayati Jamil ◽  
Mohd Khairul Shahril ◽  
Skh Muhammad Skh Abdul Rahim ◽  
Muhammad Zaimi Zainal Abidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Other ◽  
Green Composite ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Physical Testing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pineapple Leaves

Green composite material has become the most desired material to replace polymer composites made from fossil oil. Besides having advantages over its biodegradability and quality performances, the material sources are abundant and renewable. Therefore, this research focused on developing green composite which is derived from a combination of pineapple leaf fibers (PALF) and Polylactide (PLA). PALF is extracted from pineapple leaves which are easily found during harvesting pineapple plantation. In order to study the influences of different fibres characterization, the fibres were extracted from different types of pineapple available in Malaysia, namely Moris Gajah, Jasopine, Maspine, and N36. The main objective of this study was to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of this green composite. The physical testing was carried out to determine water absorption while the tensile and bending tests were conducted for mechanical testing. For the purpose of comparing the material properties, PALF reinforced polypropelene (PP) was developed too. Based on the result, Jasopine fibre shows the highest tensile and flexural strength for the combination of both polymers in comparison to the other types of PALF.

PEMANFAATAN KAYU AKASIA MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd) UNTUK MEBEL

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Djoko Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Acacia Mangium ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Fibers ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Scale Scores

Timber Acacia mangium (Acacia mangium, Willd) for Furniture. The study aims to determine the mechanical and physical properties and the decorative value (color and fiber) wood of acacia mangium with using finishing materials. This type of finishing material used is ultran lasur natural dof ,ultran lasur classic teak, aqua politur clear dof, aqua politur akasia dan aqua politur cherry. After finishing the wood is stored for 3 months. Test parameters were observed, namely, physical and mechanical properties of wood, adhesion of finishing materials, color and appearance of the fiber, and timber dimensions expansion. The results showed that the mechanical physical properties of acacia wood qualified SNI. 01-0608-89 about the physical and mechanical properties of wood for furniture, air dry the moisture content from 13.78 to 14.89%, flexural strength from 509.25 to 680.50 kg/cm2, and compressive strength parallel to fiber 342.1 - 412.9 kg/cm2. Finishing the treatment process using five types of finishing materials can increase the decorative value (color and fiber) wood. Before finishing the process of acacia mangium wood has the appearance of colors and fibers and less attractive (scale scores 2-3), after finishing acacia wood fibers have the appearance of colors and interesting and very interesting (scale 4-5).Keywords: mangium wood, mechanical properties, decorative value, finishing, furniture.

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