scholarly journals Influenza spread on context-specific networks lifted from interaction-based diary data

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 191876
Author(s):  
Kristina Mallory ◽  
Joshua Rubin Abrams ◽  
Anne Schwartz ◽  
Maria-Veronica Ciocanel ◽  
Alexandria Volkening ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Interaction Structure ◽  
Home Work ◽  
Partial Interaction ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The University ◽  
Realistic Structure ◽  
Full Network

Studying the spread of infections is an important tool in limiting or preventing future outbreaks. A first step in understanding disease dynamics is constructing networks that reproduce features of real-world interactions. In this paper, we generate networks that maintain some features of the partial interaction networks that were recorded in an existing diary-based survey at the University of Warwick. To preserve realistic structure in our artificial networks, we use a context-specific approach. In particular, we propose different algorithms for producing larger home, work and social networks. Our networks are able to maintain much of the interaction structure in the original diary-based survey and provide a means of accounting for the interactions of survey participants with non-participants. Simulating a discrete susceptible–infected–recovered model on the full network produces epidemic behaviour which shares characteristics with previous influenza seasons. Our approach allows us to explore how disease transmission and dynamic responses to infection differ depending on interaction context. We find that, while social interactions may be the first to be reduced after influenza infection, limiting work and school encounters may be significantly more effective in controlling the overall severity of the epidemic.

Organizational change for sustainability education: a case study of one university’s efforts to create and implement institution-wide sustainability competencies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-515
Author(s):  
Vanessa R. Levesque ◽  
Cameron P. Wake
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Sustainability Education ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Institutional Sustainability ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The University

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine how the process of creating and implementing sustainability competencies across a university illuminate dynamics of organizational change. The push to advance education for sustainable development in higher education will likely require transformation of existing policies and practices. A set of shared sustainability competencies could guide the integration of sustainability throughout an institution. Design/methodology/approach This paper reports on a case study of one US university, the University of New Hampshire (UNH) that developed institutional-level sustainability competencies. The process used to create and implement sustainability competencies is outlined, and key factors that influenced the associated organizational change are identified. Findings Very few US universities have institutional-level sustainability competencies. At UNH, drivers of organizational change such as overcoming disciplinary boundaries, developing a common vision and working from the bottom-up enabled the creation of institutional sustainability competencies, but the same processes were not enough to drive deeper implementation of the competencies. Originality/value This paper not only identifies the context-specific drivers of the development of institutional sustainability competencies, but also identifies universal themes that can be applied to other institutions embarking on a similar process. Additionally, this paper serves as a foundation for future research exploring how the process of creating institutional sustainability competencies may be linked to how effective they are in shaping subsequent sustainability education.

Concept Science

2017 ◽  
pp. 103-116
Keyword(s):  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Learning Objects ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Conceptual Content ◽  
Specific Knowledge ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Unstructured Text ◽  
Meaning Equivalence ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The University

This chapter describe the evolution of Concept Science that gave rise to Concept Parsing Algorithms (CPA). Concept Science developed ways to clarify conceptual content encoded in unstructured text that communicate context-specific knowledge in a sublanguage within a discipline. It was developed and tested since the early 1990s at the University of Toronto and Ryerson University in Toronto (Shafrir and Etkind, 2010). Concept Science lead to Pedagogy for Conceptual Thinking with Meaning Equivalence Reusable Learning Objects (MERLO) that offer a powerful tool for engaging and motivating students, and enhancing learning outcomes. This chapter describe some of Concept Science-based tools that provide new ways to discover, encode, and manage knowledge in large digital libraries of unstructured text in educational, governmental, NGO, and business organizations.

Examining burnout in employed university students

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Schramer ◽  
Carolyn M. Rauti ◽  
Arief B. Kartolo ◽  
Catherine T. Kwantes
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Scale Validation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Student Burnout ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The University

Purpose Burnout has been studied by organizational researchers for nearly 50 years (Maslach and Schaufeli, 2017; Schaufeli et al., 2009); however, little attention is given to burnout experienced by employed students who may be prone to the symptoms of burnout as they juggle multiple demanding roles. Burnout in employed students has previously been conceptualized as a bi-factor model consisting of three dimensions: general burnout, apathy and exhaustion (see Rauti et al., 2019 for further information). The purpose of this paper is to develop and validate a novel and theoretically driven tool to assess burnout in employed students. Design/methodology/approach A sample of 239 employed undergraduate students from a university in southwestern Ontario completed an online survey which included the University of Windsor Employed Student Burnout Survey. Participants also completed six additional measures for scale validation purposes. Findings Confirmatory factor analysis supported a four-factor model of the employed student burnout scale: apathy toward employment, exhaustion toward employment, apathy toward academics and exhaustion toward academics. The findings also supported a bi-factor version of the four-factor model. Correlation analyses provided evidence for convergent and divergent validity. Originality/value The experience of burnout for employed students is unique as employed students balance the demands of work and school simultaneously. This research suggests that experiences of burnout from work and burnout from school may be distinct from one another and that burnout is context specific.

scholarly journals Patients’ case scenario as well as approaches and strategies adopted to manage COVID-19 pandemic at Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ziaur Rahman ◽  
Saif Khan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Transmission Curve ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽  
The University

Corona virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe acute respiratory infection caused by corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). It originated from Wuhan city of China in December 2019 and spread like a wild fire to the entire globe and was declared as global pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. With no available cure and vaccine, this disease has taken a mammoth toll on the human life; therefore, SMS (‘Social Distancing’, use of ‘Mask’ and regular hand washing with ‘Soap’) has emerged as a sole tool to prevent its spread. The Indian government declared the first lockdown from March 25th 2020 with subsequent second, third and fourth lockdowns up to 31st March 2020 to decrease the disease transmission and flatten the disease transmission curve. Aligarh Muslim University is one of the prestigious central and residential universities in India. It is located in Aligarh district adjoining national capital region. The university has an attached tertiary care ‘Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College Hospital’. This narrative review discusses the various steps and procedures taken up by the university and hospital administration, other functionaries, faculty members and doctors in tackling the serious pandemic until 22nd June 2020. The proactive role of administration, dedication and hard work of health care professionals and innovation of some academicians has given a new vista of opportunities to tackle this global health pandemic. The recovery rate of coronavirus patients at AMU hospital is recorded as 71.9%, which is much higher than national average recovery rate (56%). Thus, AMU model gives some positive insights to fight the current global pandemic. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.19(0) 2020 p. S 28-S 35

No Home Work for Mathematics Pupils

1921 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 334-336
Author(s):  
Horace C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Mathematics ◽  
First Year ◽  
High School Mathematics ◽  
Home Work ◽  
The University ◽  
Mathematics Department

In August, 1919, at a departmental meeting of the University High School mathematics department, I asked for permission to conduct a section of first year pupils without assigning them homework. Permission was granted and the idea was carried out in all the freshmen mathematics classes.

Mooring Dynamics Phenomena Due to Slowly-Varying Wave Drift

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Bernitsas ◽  
Joa˜o Paulo J. Matsuura ◽  
Torgrim Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Wave Drift ◽  
Mooring Dynamics ◽  
Wave Drift Forces ◽  
The University ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
External Time ◽  
Drift Forces

The effects of slowly-varying wave drift forces on the nonlinear dynamics of mooring systems have been studied extensively in the past 30 years. It has been concluded that slowly-varying wave drift may resonate with mooring system natural frequencies. In recent work, we have shown that this resonance phenomenon is only one of several possible nonlinear dynamic responses of mooring systems to slowly-varying wave drift excitation. We were able to reveal new phenomena based on the design methodology developed at the University of Michigan for autonomous mooring systems and treating slowly-varying drift as an external time-varying force. In this paper, the U of M methodology is used systematically to reveal seven phenomena induced by mean and slowly-varying drift forces; one of those is resonance. Conceptually, numerous qualitatively different behaviors may be induced. The next step towards comprehensive identification of such phenomena is taken by introducing the method of harmonic balance to study nonautonomous mooring systems.

scholarly journals A targeted e-learning approach to reduce student mixing during a pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sing Chen Yeo ◽  
Clin K.Y. Lai ◽  
Jacinda Tan ◽  
Joshua J. Gooley
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
The University ◽  
Learning Interventions ◽  
Late Stages

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in widespread closure of schools and universities. These institutions have turned to distance learning to provide educational continuity. Schools now face the challenge of how to reopen safely and resume in-class learning. However, there is little empirical evidence to guide decision-makers on how this can be achieved. Here, we show that selectively deploying e-learning for larger classes is highly effective at decreasing campus-wide opportunities for student-to-student contact, while allowing most in-class learning to continue uninterrupted. We conducted a natural experiment at a large university that implemented a series of e-learning interventions during the COVID-19 outbreak. Analyses of >24 million student connections to the university Wi-Fi network revealed that population size can be manipulated by e-learning in a targeted manner according to class size characteristics. Student mixing showed accelerated growth with population size according to a power law distribution. Therefore, a small e-learning dependent decrease in population size resulted in a large reduction in student clustering behaviour. Our results show that e-learning interventions can decrease potential for disease transmission while minimizing disruption to university operations. Universities should consider targeted e-learning a viable strategy for providing educational continuity during early or late stages of a disease outbreak.

Developing a Learning Organization Model for Problem-Based Learning

2012 ◽  
pp. 404-439
Author(s):  
Kam Hou Vat
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Curriculum ◽  
Course Delivery ◽  
Virtual University ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Organization Model ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
The University

This case describes the initiative to develop a learning organization model to support the pedagogy of problem-based learning (PBL) as an approach to conduct teaching in the author’s undergraduate curriculum development. Specifically, an organizational scenario is described to support introducing the PBL method of course delivery. This is based on an action research depiction on some of the experiences and issues involved in conceiving and developing a Web-based course-support environment called REAL (Rich Environment for Active Learning). This case then deliberates on the idea of setting up a Center for PBL Research as an important mechanism of institutional innovation. This center could be considered as an essential effort to encourage individual organizational units within the university to provide suitable electronic services toward the realization of a virtual university. The dilemma of this effort, however, remains the emergent changes of organizational behavior in education, which is essentially subjective, eclectic, individual, context-specific, and often one-off, making it traditionally the most difficult to support with technology.

scholarly journals Short- and Long-Term Impacts of Workplace Relocation: A Survey and Experience from the University of Luxembourg Relocation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7506
Author(s):  
François Sprumont ◽  
Ali Shateri Benam ◽  
Francesco Viti
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Car Use ◽  
Home Work ◽  
New Business ◽  
Commuting Time ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

Workplace relocation can have a significant impact on commuting trips as well as on the location and number of activities scheduled within the home-work tour. This often exogenous, non-voluntary event affects the entire activity-travel behavior of the employees. As response, employees can adopt several short- and long-term adaptation strategies to cope with such change, the most obvious being commuting mode shifting, acquire new mobility resources (e.g., buying a car) or changing residential location. As workplace relocation can be consequence of national policies aimed at decongesting the city centers or to favor the development of new business areas, undesired macroscopic changes in modal shares and in land developments may be observed. While a decrease in the commuting time after a workplace relocation is, in some cases, observed, an increase in car use for the commuting trip may be observed as well. This paper aims at providing an in-depth understanding of the effect of workplace relocation on travel behavior by reviewing and selecting the relevant scientific literature on the topic, which has in the last years gained popularity. The findings and observations summarized by the literature review are then complemented with the specific example of the relocation of the University of Luxembourg employees. Finally, we indicate potential directions for research, which are currently underexplored.

Mooring Dynamics Phenomena Due to Slowly-Varying Wave Drift

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Bernitsas ◽  
Joa˜o Paulo J. Matsuura ◽  
Torgrim Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Responses ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
University Of Michigan ◽  
Wave Drift ◽  
Mooring Dynamics ◽  
Wave Drift Forces ◽  
The University ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
External Time ◽  
Drift Forces

The effects of slowly varying wave drift forces on the nonlinear dynamics of mooring systems have been studied extensively in the past 30 years. It has been concluded that slowly varying wave drift may resonate with mooring system natural frequencies. In recent work, we have shown that this resonance phenomenon is only one of several possible nonlinear dynamic responses of mooring systems to slowly varying wave drift excitation. We were able to reveal new phenomena based on the design methodology developed at the University of Michigan for autonomous mooring systems and treating slowly varying drift as an external time-varying force. In this paper, the U of M methodology is used systematically to reveal seven phenomena induced by mean and slowly varying drift forces; one of those is resonance. Conceptually, numerous qualitatively different behaviors may be induced. The next step toward the comprehensive identification of such phenomena is taken by introducing the method of harmonic balance to study nonautonomous mooring systems.

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