scholarly journals Green and efficient three-component synthesis of 4H-pyran catalysed by CuFe 2 O 4 @starch as a magnetically recyclable bionanocatalyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 200385
Author(s):  
Maryam Kamalzare ◽  
Mohammad Bayat ◽  
Ali Maleki
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Pharmaceutical Chemistry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Benign Nature ◽  
Catalytic Behaviour ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Derivatives Of

The development of simple, practical and inexpensive catalysis systems using natural materials is one of the main goals of pharmaceutical chemistry as well as green chemistry. Owing to the ability of easy separation of nanocatalyst, those goals could be approached by applying heterogeneous bionanocatalyst in combination with magnetic nanoparticles. Starch is one of the most abundant natural polymers; therefore, preparing bionanocatalyst from starch is very valuable as starch is largely available and inexpensive. An ecologically benign and efficacious heterogeneous nanocatalyst was prepared based on a biopolymer, and its attributes and morphology were specified by using Fourier transform infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis and vibrating sample magnetometer measurements; followed by studying catalytic behaviour of bionanocomposite in a multicomponent reaction to synthesize of 4H-pyran derivatives. 4H-pyran is extremely valuable in pharmaceutical chemistry, and the development of methods for synthesis of different derivatives of 4H-pyran is momentous. Revealing environmentally benign nature, mild condition, easy work-up, low cost and non-toxicity are some of the advantages of this protocol. Besides, the bionanocomposite was recovered using an external magnetic bar and could be re-used at least six times with no further decrease in its catalytic activity.

scholarly journals Removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions using Acacia Nilotica seed shell ash supported Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 562-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshad Omidvar-Hosseini ◽  
Farid Moeinpour
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Monolayer Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Acacia Nilotica seed shell ash supported Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized by a low-cost, simple, and environmentally benign procedure. The adsorbent was characterized by several methods including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Then, the potential of Acacia Nilotica seed shell ash supported Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4 magnetic nanoparticles was investigated for adsorption of Pb(II). The effect of different parameters including contact time, pH, adsorbent dosage and initial Pb(II) concentration on the Pb(II) removal yield was studied. The experimental data were fitted well with the pseudo-second order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999). The adsorption isotherm was described well by the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.900) with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 37.6 mg g–1. The process for purifying water treatment presented here is easy using the magnetic nanoparticles. Therefore, this adsorbent was found to be useful and valuable for controlling water pollution due to Pb(II) ions.

Squeezing out and Characterization of Silicon from Sand by Mg-Thermite Reduction Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shoriful Islam ◽  
M. A. Sattar ◽  
M. A. Halim ◽  
Md. Asadul Hoque ◽  
Abdul Quader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Silicon Content ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Reduction Process ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Padma River

Background: Sand is one of the efficient sources of Silicon. We get quite easily the plethora of sand from the river side, Bangladesh. Utilization of the superfluous sand can be assisted to enhance our economy. Methods: In this work, silicon is extracted from sand by metal–thermite reduction process and the sample of sand is collected from padma river Rajshahi, Bangladesh. The process is environmentally benign and low cost. The reduction of the sand was performed with Mg powder, and purification was done by leaching out with HCl and HF. We have studied the structural properties, chemical nature and physical morphology. Results and conclusion: X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed that the presence of elemental Si in the samples produced by Mg-thermite reduction process and the particle size was found 25.72±1.3 nm in an average. Surface morphology has been studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the particle size seemed around 30 to 40 nm which was comparable to the obtained particle size from XRD. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the presence of Si-Si bonding in the investigating materials. The chemical nature of the sand has been studied by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis. Silicon content of sand was found about maximum 80%.

scholarly journals Development of Biodegradable Agar-Agar/Gelatin-Based Superabsorbent Hydrogel as an Efficient Moisture-Retaining Agent

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Chaudhary ◽  
Sourbh Thakur ◽  
Minaxi Sharma ◽  
Vijai Kumar Gupta ◽  
Vijay Kumar Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Natural Polymers ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Superabsorbent Hydrogel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Water Swelling ◽  
Water Holding ◽  
Scanning Electron

Downgrading in the yield of crop is due to the inadequate availability of water. The way out for this trouble is to construct synthetic resources dependent on natural polymers with great water absorption and preservation limits. The present study investigated the design of agar-agar (Agr) and gelatin (GE) copolymerized methyl acrylate (MA) and acrylic acid (AA) hydrogel (Agr/GE-co-MA/AA) as a soil conditioner for moisture maintenance in agriculture. Agr/GE-co-MA/AA hydrogel was prepared by utilizing microwave-assisted green synthesis following the most suitable reaction conditions to obtain a remarkable water swelling percentage. The fabricated Agr/GE-co-MA/AA hydrogel was investigated through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The water holding capacity of the soil and sand was examined by mixing Agr/GE-co-MA/AA hydrogel with soil and sand. The result demonstrates that the water holding time extended from 10 to 30 days for soil and 6 to 10 days for sand by using Agr/GE-co-MA/AA hydrogel. This synthesized biodegradable, low-cost and non-toxic Agr/GE-co-MA/AA hydrogel shows novelty as soil water maintaining material for irrigation in agriculture.

scholarly journals Multidimensional Ln-Aminophthalate Photoluminescent Coordination Polymers

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1786
Author(s):  
Carla Queirós ◽  
Chen Sun ◽  
Ana M. G. Silva ◽  
Baltazar de Castro ◽  
Juan Cabanillas-Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ft Ir Spectroscopy

The development of straightforward reproducible methods for the preparation of new photoluminescent coordination polymers (CPs) is an important goal in luminescence and chemical sensing fields. Isophthalic acid derivatives have been reported for a wide range of applications, and in addition to their relatively low cost, have encouraged its use in the preparation of novel lanthanide-based coordination polymers (LnCPs). Considering that the photoluminescent properties of these CPs are highly dependent on the existence of water molecules in the crystal structure, our research efforts are now focused on the preparation of CP with the lowest water content possible, while considering a green chemistry approach. One- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) LnCPs were prepared from 5-aminoisophthalic acid and Sm3+/Tb3+ using hydrothermal and/or microwave-assisted synthesis. The unprecedented LnCPs were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCRXD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their photoluminescence (PL) properties were studied in the solid state, at room temperature, using the CPs as powders and encapsulated in poly(methyl methacrylate (PMMA) films, envisaging the potential preparation of devices for sensing. The materials revealed interesting PL properties that depend on the dimensionality, metal ion, co-ligand used and water content.

scholarly journals Rapid four-component synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles using nano-eggshell/Ti(IV) as a highly compatible natural based catalyst

BMC Chemistry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arefeh Dehghani Tafti ◽  
Bi Bi Fatemeh Mirjalili ◽  
Abdolhamid Bamoniri ◽  
Naeimeh Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Diffraction Field ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Work Up

AbstractNano-eggshell/Ti(IV) as a novel naturally based catalyst was prepared, characterized and applied for the synthesis of dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives. The characterization of nano-eggshell/Ti(IV) was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis. Dihydropyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles were synthesized in the presence of nano-eggshell/Ti(IV) via a four component reaction of aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, malononitrile and hydrazine hydrate at room temperature under solvent free conditions. The principal affairs of this procedure are mild condition, short reaction times, easy work-up, high yields, reusability of the catalyst and the absence of toxic organic solvents.

Synthesis and structure of large 24-mer and 36-mer oxamate-based macrocycles

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 461-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saddam Weheabby ◽  
Mohammad A. Abdulmalic ◽  
Evgeny A. Kataev ◽  
Tatiana A. Shumilova ◽  
Tobias Rüffer
Keyword(s):  
Oxalyl Chloride ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Equimolar Amount ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accessible Volume ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Interactions ◽  
Work Up ◽  
Solid State Structures

AbstractPoly(cyclic) oxamates represent novel and potentially multidentate ligands for coordination chemistry. To obtain them, the treatment of 2-nitroaniline with two equivalents of oxalyl chloride afforded N,N′-bis(2-nitrophenyl)oxalamide (1), and by reduction of 1 with [NH4][CO2H] and Pd/C, N,N′-bis(2-aminophenyl)oxalamide (2, bapoxH6) was synthesized. After the addition of an equimolar amount of oxalyl chloride to a THF solution of 2 and aqueous work-up the 24-membered macrocycle H8L2 was obtained. In analogues experiments, the addition of ethoxalyl and oxalyl chloride to 2 afforded the 36-membered macrocycle H12L3. The addition of Cu(OAc)2·H2O and NaOH to 2 gave rise to the formation of [Cu2(bapoxH4)(OAc)2] (4). The identities of 1, 2 and H8L2 were determined by elemental analysis, IR, NMR spectroscopic studies and by mass spectrometry. The solid state structures of H8L2, H12L3 and 4 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Macrocycle H12L3 forms chains through intermolecular hydrogen bonds, while packing of 4 consists of layers held by intermolecular dispersion and hydrogen bond interactions. 24-mer H8L2 forms a cavity with a diameter of about 7.5 Å corresponding to an accessible volume of about 120 Å3 according to the well-established 55% solution and was found to bind bromide and iodide anions selectively.

A simple and low-cost solution for the automation of X-ray powder diffractometers with chart recorder output

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 626-629
Author(s):  
M. Jayaprakasan ◽  
V. Kannan ◽  
P. Ramasamy
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Strip Chart ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Chart Recorder

X-ray powder diffraction is an established method for the qualitative identification of crystalline materials and their quantitative analysis. The new generation of X-ray diffraction systems are based on expensive digital/embedded control technology and computer interfaces. Yet many laboratories use conventional manual-controlled systems withXYstrip-chart recorders. Since the output spectrum is a strip chart (hard copy), raw data, essential for structural and qualitative analysis, are not readily available for further analysis. Upgrading to modern computerized diffractometers is very expensive. The proposed automation design described here is intended to enable the conventional diffractometer user to collect, store and analyze data quickly. The design also improves the resolution by five times compared with the conventional setup. For the automation, a PC add-on card has been designed to control and collect the timing and intensity counts from the conventional X-ray diffractometer, and suitable software has been developed to collect, process and present the X-ray diffraction data for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Moreover, a major advantage of this design is that it does not warrant any physical modification of the hardware of the conventional setup; it is simply an extension to enhance the performance of collecting raw data with a higher resolution at desired intervals/timings.

Low-cost thermo-chemical process of TiO2 powder purification: Study of iterative gettering effect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesrine Jaouabi ◽  
Wala Medfai ◽  
Marouan Khalifa ◽  
Rabia Zaghouani ◽  
Hatem Ezzaouia
Keyword(s):  
Porous Layer ◽  
Sacrificial Layer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Tio2 Powder ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Density Reduction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Layer Effect

The titanium dioxide (TiO2) purity is very important for the TiO2-based applications making essential the impurities density reduction. In this study, we propose an efficient purification process of TiO2 powder in order to reduce impurities. The low-cost proposed approach is based on an iterative gettering (IG) process combining three main steps: (1) a porous TiO2 sacrificial layer formation (p-TiO2), (2) a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) of p-TiO2 powder in an infrared oven at 950°C under air permitting the residual impurities diffusion to the porous layer surface and (3) etching in acid solution to remove the porous layer. Effect of the proposed gettering process on purification efficiency was evaluated by different characterization techniques such as the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), the UV–Visible-NIR spectroscopy, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The obtained results showed the efficient removal of metal impurities, such as Cu, Al, P, and Fe confirming the efficiency of the process improving the purity from 89% to 99.96%.

Synthesis of Galactomannan Sulfate-Citrate

2022 ◽  
Vol 1049 ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Aleksandr S. Kazachenko ◽  
Yuriy N. Malyar ◽  
Anna S. Kazachenko
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mixed Ester ◽  
First Time ◽  
Derivatives Of

Sulfated derivatives of polysaccharides have anticoagulant, hypolipedimic and other biological activity. In this work, a complex mixed ester of galactomannan, its sulfate-citrate, was obtained for the first time. The introduction of citrate and sulfate groups was proved by FTIR spectroscopy by the appearance of corresponding absorption bands. It was shown by X-ray diffraction that the introduction of the citrate group leads to the amorphization of the galactomannan structure.

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