scholarly journals The excystation of colpoda cucullus from its resting cysts, and the nature and properties of the cyst membranes

1913 ◽  
Vol 86 (589) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
External Factors ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Resting Cysts ◽  
Working Out ◽  
Considerable Detail ◽  
The Way

Having had occasion to make use of the resting cysts of Colpoda cucullus in the course of my work on the protozoa of the soil I was interested by the way in which the organisms escape from the confines of the cyst membranes. The processes involved were by no means obvious on somewhat casual observation, and it became necessary to study them in considerable detail before they could be fully elucidated. Moreover it was thought by working out as fully as possible the conditions involved in excystation some light might be thrown on the activity or inactivity of the protozoa in the soil. The water-content, available food supply, and temperature of any soil are obvious external factors in determining the possibility of protozoal activity, but that these were all the determining factors was by no means clear. There was the possibility that certain peculiar external influences were required for excystation, and if these could be determined it was possible that one would be able to say whether they were present or absent in a soil normally containing protozoa.

Variation in Weight, Size, and Sex Ratio of Coccinellid Adults (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Intraspecies Variation ◽  
Food Scarcity ◽  
Food Requirement ◽  
Males And Females

AbstractThe weight and size of coccinellid adults varied with species, sex, and feeding. Intraspecies variation in weight was generally similar in the eight species studied. Females were more variable than males in body size. Females of some species were heavier and larger than males, and species can be classified on a basis of difference in the weight and size of the sexes.An increase in the food supply after a period of food scarcity affected the sex ratio, as the minimum food requirement of females was greater than males. Females increased in weight more rapidly than males after feeding. The availability of food in the field affected the weight and size of some species. Adult water content was influenced by feeding but not by sex or the quantity of food given to the larva.Males were more abundant in species with small sexual differences in weight and size. The degree of difference in weight and size between males and females may be used as a criterion to select species that are best adapted to survive when food is scarce.

scholarly journals Architectural Education as Interface between Culture and Built Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-51
Author(s):  
Yasira Naeem Pasha ◽  
Shahla Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Architectural Education ◽  
External Influences ◽  
New Form ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Existing Form ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Considerable Period

The main focus of this paper is the discussion about non-coherent appearance of built environment in Pakistan that does not reflect the culture of society, but external influences more than natives. Being a part of a larger territory in yester centuries, the country is influenced heavily by external factors and deliberated efforts for “modernization” since after a decade of independence in 1947. Many parts of the subcontinent including India and Pakistan are influenced by Modernist trends in architecture that are evident in the built environment. The probability of inclusion of many diversified attributes of culture over a considerable period of time has been increased. It is therefore important to discuss the most relevant possibilities through which these influences were adopted and then were translated in the built environment. These influences are assumed to be translated through the taught content in the architectural education in the country. The paper also discusses the relationship of three entities; Culture, Built Environment and Architectural Education. It takes into account some examples of residences from Pakistan to analyze the interfacing capacity of culture and built environment. It adopts the methodology of qualitative study through literature and evidences from some cities of Pakistan to seek the validity of argument. It also relates the role of curriculum driven architectural education in the process of built environment. The findings reveal that the existing form of culture has grasped external influences in a subtle manner adopting a new form which appears as non-coherent to the generally perceived one. The role of architectural education in this regard holds a pivotal position in relation to the built environment. The findings established also connote architectural education as the interfacing factor of culture and built environment.

scholarly journals Perubahan Pola-Pola Perkawinan pada Masyarakat Lampung Saibatin

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Ali Imron ◽  
Rinaldo Adi Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
System Change ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Way

This article discusses the marriage system that occurred in the Lampung Saibatin community. This study examines how the marriage system change based on their own needed. This study was an ethnography research that would be described qualitatively, this is intended because the concern of the research is the way of life of the Lampung Saibatin community. The results showed that the Lampung Saibatin marriage in the 1970s underwent a change from a very strong Bujujogh with patrilineal to a Semanda marriage system. Lampung Saibatin community develops a new marriage system using Semanda which is an influence of the Minangkabau people, this is done by Lampung Saibatin people because they are reluctant to be called a failed family or ”mupus”. This study sees that the changes that occur due to two vital elements are that emerge from within the Saibatin community itself which includes privilege and economy. Meanwhile, external factors are new cultures that come from other people, get a better education and government policy.

Studies on Dispersal of Grasshoppers (Acrididae) Tagged with Phosphorus-32

1954 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. W. Riegert ◽  
R. A. Fuller ◽  
L. G. Putnam
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Random Dispersal

The main objective of the present work was to investigate the ability of grasshopper nymphs to escape an environment devoid of food plants and to reach a suitable food supply, either as a result of random dispersal or by marching. The immediate interest was in movement over recently tilled surfaces. It was also desired to investigate the external factors that might influence such movement.

Philosophy in a Polycentric World

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-138
Author(s):  
Alexander Yu. Antonovski ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Methodological Question ◽  
Unique Product ◽  
Artistic Activity ◽  
Peter Railton ◽  
The Way

In the first part of the article, the author substantiates the importance of philosophical communication as a kind of dependent variable that does not have an independent meaning without pointing to something else through which the philosophy itself (often negatively and non-reflectively) defines. We are talking about global centers of “systemic” communication (politics, science, religion, etc.), imposing their observations on other communities. It is argued that the priority of philosophical communication is justified by the ability to carry out “universal observations”, which is deprived of all other communication systems.In the second part of the article, the methodological question is first solved about the possibility of explaining a number of phenomena (communications, observations), for which no indication of external factors justifying their existence is required. It is proved that the description and explanation of such phenomena is possible on the way of formulating “significant tautologies” (Peter Railton). Using this method, the author carries out a meaningful deployment of the significant tautology “philosophy is only philosophy” and substantiates that philosophy is communication, capable of defining itself in a universal way: through something else and through itself. The author concludes that philosophy can be considered as a communicative system (i.e.,observer), whose mission is to generate a unique product: a universal self-description of modern society, where philosophy combines three fundamental observational abilities: scientific, protest and artistic activity.

Ukraine Imports Democracy: External Influences on the Orange Revolution

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael McFaul
Keyword(s):  
External Factors ◽  
One Dimension ◽  
The West ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Orange Revolution ◽  
Autocratic Regime ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Causal Impact ◽  
Distribution Of Power

Can the West promote democracy? An examination of one critical case, the 2004 Orange Revolution in Ukraine, offers a unique method for generating answers to this important theoretical and policy question. Tracing the causal impact of external influences first requires a theory of democratization composed exclusively of domestic factors, specifically the changing distribution of power between the autocratic regime and democratic challengers. Once these internal factors have been identified, the extent to which external factors influenced either the strength of the autocratic regime or the democratic challengers can be measured. Domestic factors accounted for most of the drama of the Orange Revolution, but external factors did play a direct, causal role in constraining some dimensions of autocratic power and enhancing some dimensions of the opposition's power. International assistance in the form of ideas and financial resources was crucial to only one dimension of the Orange Revolution: exposing fraud. Yet significant international inputs also can be identified regarding the preservation of semi-autocracy, the nurturing of an effective political opposition, the development of independent media, and the capacity to mobilize protesters after the falsified presidential vote.

scholarly journals Are Local Food Systems Vectors of Sustainable Choices?

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Corina Ene ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Local Food Systems ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
Nutritional Needs ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
The Way

In the last few years, but even more so given the context the COVID-19 pandemic, a large series of global and local changes have occurred in all areas of life, including the way food is perceived and procured. The orientation towards local food as a preferred choice has gained more followers which are interested in economic, social and environmental effects of the way the world uses all kinds of resources to meet its nutritional needs. Local food involves a special kind of food systems approach in terms of determining factors and resulting implications for all actors involved. The paper deals with emphasizing different aspects of local food systems, including both agri-food producers and consumer’s drivers together with the effects of rethinking the way people choose to procure their food. The link to sustainable development is clearly highlighted using the multiple implications of this agri-food system upon different sectors and dimensions.

scholarly journals e-Wallet usage intensity and the determining factors during pandemics

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Arum Prasasti ◽  
Della Ayu Zonna Lia ◽  
Karunia Putri Nuari
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Future Research Agenda ◽  
Determining Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Way

COVID-19 has changed the way we live to the extent of many choices in our lives. Physical distancing measurement that took place months, followed by restriction to travel, to reduce mobility, has been gradually implemented by the government of Indonesia. The e-wallet transaction by volume during the pandemic accounts for 1,7 million times with 67 total users in Indonesia. This study is comprehensive on previous research on 2020 with a smaller sample. This research is aimed to find out 1) the usage intensity of e-wallet amongst them and 2) to understand the underlying factors of using such e-wallet. The data is collected by interviewing 100 students in Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia. The data was then analyzed using NVIVO and interpreted using content analysis to reach the objective of this research. It is found out that 1) undergraduate students use it quite frequently, and 2) three key factors as the determining factors, namely practicality efficiency, and discount. This research aims to contribute to the digital payment literature and future research agenda on e-wallet amongst undergraduate students during pandemic and post-pandemic.

scholarly journals PENGARUH SUHU, WAKTU, DAN KADAR AIR BAHAN BAKU TERHADAP PIROLISIS SERBUK PELEPAH KELAPA SAWIT

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seri Maulina ◽  
Feni Sari Putri
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Liquid Smoke ◽  
Temperature Time ◽  
The Way

Palm plantation  produce waste in form of palm midribs in large number. One of the way to handle and increase the value of palm midrib waste is by pyrolysis. The particle size of raw material that used in this study was 23 – 50 mesh. The reduction of raw material size can increase the heating rate of pyrolysis. This study aimed to analyze the effect of temperature, time, and water content of raw material on the yield and pH of liquid smoke. Pyrolysis of palm midrib powder was processed at 150 oC, 200 oC, and 250 oC  with various time was 30 minutes, 60 minutes, and 90 minutes. The study found that the yield of liquid smoke tend to increase with rising pyrolysis temperature and time until the condition when un-condensable gas was produced more so that the increase of pyrolysis temperature and time will further decrease the yield. The highest yield of liquid smoke obtained at 250 oC for 30 minutes, is 20,69%. The best pH of liquid smoke obtained at pyrolysis temperature 250 oC for 90 minutes, is 2,6.

Perubahan Bentuk dan Fungsi Pertunjukan Ronggeng Gunung

Panggung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Etty Suhaeti
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Internal Factor ◽  
External Influences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Internal And External Factors

ABSTRACTThe art of Ronggeng Gunung that grows and develops in the southern part of the district Ciamis is still continuously preserved until now. One effort to preserve its existence is through various changes, both in terms of its function in the community and in the form of its show. However, the changes have not been able to raise this folk art as in its previous victory, in which Ronggeng Gunung is greatly adored by its lover community. The research used qualitative method in order to reveal the process of the changes. The result of the research shows that the changes of the form of performance are mainly influenced by two factors, namely the internal and external factors. The two effects of changes are caused by the consciousness of the individual of community on his own weaknesses, and the external influences of the social culture which are felt more profitable.Keywords: Ronggeng Gunung, internal factor, external factorABSTRAKKesenian Ronggeng Gunung yang tumbuh dan berkembang di Kabupaten Ciamis bagian selatan masih terus dilestarikan hingga saat ini. Salah satu upaya untuk mempertahankan keberadaannya yaitu dengan adanya berbagai perubahan, baik dari segi fungsinya di masyarakat maupun pada bentuk pertunjukannya. Akan tetapi, perubahan tersebut belum mampu mengangkatnya seperti pada masa kejayaannya dahulu, di mana Ronggeng Gunung sebagai sebuah kesenian rakyat sangat digandrungi oleh masyarakat pecintanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mengungkap proses perubahan yang terjadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan bentuk pertunjukan secara inti dipengaruhi oleh dua faktor, yaitu faktor internal dan faktor eksternal.Kedua pengaruh perubahan tersebut diakibatkan oleh adanya kesadaranindividu masyarakat akan kekurangan dirinya, dan adanya pengaruh- pengaruh dari luar budaya masyarakat yang dirasakan lebih menguntungkan.Kata Kunci : Ronggeng Gunung, faktor internal, faktor eksternal

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