scholarly journals Climate change and food security

2005 ◽  
Vol 360 (1463) ◽  
pp. 2139-2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J Gregory ◽  
J.S.I Ingram ◽  
M Brklacich
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Gangetic Plain

Dynamic interactions between and within the biogeophysical and human environments lead to the production, processing, distribution, preparation and consumption of food, resulting in food systems that underpin food security. Food systems encompass food availability (production, distribution and exchange), food access (affordability, allocation and preference) and food utilization (nutritional and societal values and safety), so that food security is, therefore, diminished when food systems are stressed. Such stresses may be induced by a range of factors in addition to climate change and/or other agents of environmental change (e.g. conflict, HIV/AIDS) and may be particularly severe when these factors act in combination. Urbanization and globalization are causing rapid changes to food systems. Climate change may affect food systems in several ways ranging from direct effects on crop production (e.g. changes in rainfall leading to drought or flooding, or warmer or cooler temperatures leading to changes in the length of growing season), to changes in markets, food prices and supply chain infrastructure. The relative importance of climate change for food security differs between regions. For example, in southern Africa, climate is among the most frequently cited drivers of food insecurity because it acts both as an underlying, ongoing issue and as a short-lived shock. The low ability to cope with shocks and to mitigate long-term stresses means that coping strategies that might be available in other regions are unavailable or inappropriate. In other regions, though, such as parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain of India, other drivers, such as labour issues and the availability and quality of ground water for irrigation, rank higher than the direct effects of climate change as factors influencing food security. Because of the multiple socio-economic and bio-physical factors affecting food systems and hence food security, the capacity to adapt food systems to reduce their vulnerability to climate change is not uniform. Improved systems of food production, food distribution and economic access may all contribute to food systems adapted to cope with climate change, but in adopting such changes it will be important to ensure that they contribute to sustainability. Agriculture is a major contributor of the greenhouse gases methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O), so that regionally derived policies promoting adapted food systems need to mitigate further climate change.

scholarly journals The impact of climate change and natural disasters on food security in Indonesia: lessons learned on preserving forests sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012090
Author(s):  
L R E Malau ◽  
A T Darhyati ◽  
Suharno
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Forest Conversion ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract Food security is one of the main goals in achieving the Sustainable Development Goal’s (SDG’s). Food security, natural disasters, and climate change are thought to be interrelated. Climate change contributes to natural disasters such as floods, landslides, drought, land and forest fires, resulting in reduced food production, increased food prices, and disrupted access to food distribution. Ultimately, the impacts of climate change and natural disasters are one of the main causes of hunger and affect all dimensions of food security. This study aimed to analyze the impact of climate change, natural disasters, and other determinants on food security in Indonesia using the Tobit regression. The data used was from 33 provinces in 2010-2018. Climate change was proxied by rainfall, while natural disasters were proxied by the frequency of natural disasters and facility damage due to disasters. The results showed that food crop production, GRDP per capita, and the average years of schooling had a significant effect on increasing food security. Meanwhile, rainfall and deforestation had a significant effect on reducing food security. On the other hand, although not significant, the frequency and damage to facilities due to natural disasters harms food security. The results of this study confirmed the importance of preserving forest biodiversity as an effort to achieve food security as seen from the negative effects of rainfall and deforestation on food security. In this case, deforestation was one of the contributors to climate change which in turn had an impact on the intensity of natural disasters. To achieve food security for the achievement of the SDGs, policies to reduce deforestation or forest conversion need attention as one of the efforts to mitigate the impacts of climate change and natural disasters.

scholarly journals Food Security in India: Issues and Suggestion to Improve the Public Distribution System

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
T Thangalakshmi ◽  
V Suthacini
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Distribution System ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Food security in India is unfavourably affected by several biotic and socio-political situations. The current position may get worse in the future if timely and suitable actions are not executed and planned. The discipline of human population and land for cultivation, climate change, government policies of public distribution and marketing of food grains and lack of a participatory approach all are committing to check down the availability of foods. Also, crop fecundity seems to be very much unsustainable. The situation has to be remedied by all possible means and citizens must be assured of food security. This review summarises several strategies for crop production and food distribution through the public distribution system. Finally, results indicate that India has achieved self-sufficiency in grains; it is still lagging at the back in the production of oilseeds and pulses. It is also commented that there has been a meaningful increase in the reproduction of rice, wheat, cereals, fruits, vegetables, and other products. Among the specific charges made to lift the agricultural sector from its present slowdown and stagnation, we comprise decorated increased public investment and a severe review of subsidies provided to farmers. To improve the infrastructure, credit facilities, inputs, land and water management, effective marketing and price policies, the diversification of agriculture, strengthening the improvement strategies for tackling climate change, and the strict regulation of land use and diversion of land for non-agricultural activities.

scholarly journals The impact of climate change on food security in South Africa: Current realities and challenges ahead

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshepo S. Masipa
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Food Items ◽  
The Impact

This article aims to examine the impact of climate change on food security in South Africa. For this purpose, the article adopted a desktop study approach. Previous studies, reports, surveys and policies on climate change and food (in)security. From this paper’s analysis, climate change presents a high risk to food security in sub-Saharan countries from crop production to food distribution and consumption. In light of this, it is found that climate change, particularly global warming, affects food security through food availability, accessibility, utilisation and affordability. To mitigate these risks, there is a need for an integrated policy approach to protect the arable land against global warming. The argument advanced in this article is that South Africa’s ability to adapt and protect its food items depends on the understanding of risks and the vulnerability of various food items to climate change. However, this poses a challenge in developing countries, including South Africa, because such countries have weak institutions and limited access to technology. Another concern is a wide gap between the cost of adapting and the necessary financial support from the government. There is also a need to invest in technologies that will resist risks on food systems.

scholarly journals STRATEGI PEMBANGUNAN KETAHANAN DAN KETERSEDIAAN PANGAN TINGKAT LOKAL NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR DI TENGAH PERUBAHAN IKLIM MELALUI PENDIDIKAN DI SMK-PP NEGERI KUPANG

EDUTECH ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Wahyu Hadi Trigutomo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
Local Food ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Food Sufficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Availability of national food these days can not accommodate all the food needs of citizens khususunya in each - each area, this is due to the absence of structuring effective and lack of synchronization between state institutions, especially between institutions of agriculture, commerce and housing as well as the existence of climate change extreme enough today. Besides this, the problem of generation of farmers who started to cut off in the younger generation led to a change in lifestyle of the people in the area. See above problems purpose of this paper to find out how development policies and strategies of food in the availability of local food in the midst of climate change today can be circumvented by changing the mindset consumptive to productive youth through agricultural education, utilizing vacant land that is arable crops, empower farmer groups, socializing potential of local food NTT, to enable the creation of food security and reliance on staple food other areas. To the authors tried to draw up a development strategy of food security from the aspect of education through the development strategy of Dick & Carey. Food is a commodity of strategic importance to the nation given the area of food is a basic human need that must be met by the government and the community together as mandated by Law No. 7 of 1996 concerning food. In Law No. 7 of 1996 on Food stated that the Government organized setting, guidance, control and supervision of the community, organizing the process of production and supply, trading, distribution and function as consumers are entitled to obtain sufficient food in quantity and quality, safe, nutritious, diverse, equitable, and affordable by purchasing power masyarakat.Ketersediaan national food can be provided when starting from food sufficiency level of families, local area characterized by the existence of each individual food consumption is met can enjoy a balanced nutritional adequacy of the impact on food sufficiency and a better nutritional status Indonesian society are met locally NTT.ketersediaan food in sufficient quantity and types for the entire community locally NTT, the current food distribution, food prices are cheap and affordable by society locally NTT, evenly throughout the family in the area.Ketersediaan bahan pangan nasional dewasa ini belum bisa mengakomodir semua kebutuhan pangan warga negaranya khususunya di masing – masing daerah,  hal ini disebabkan belum adanya penataan yang efektif serta tidak adanya sinkronisasi antar lembaga negara, terutama antara instansi pertanian, perdagangan dan perumahan serta adanya perubahan iklim yang cukup ekstrim dewasa ini. Selain hal tersebut, permasalahan regenerasi petani yang mulai terputus di generasi muda menyebabkan terjadi perubahan pola hidup masyarakat di daerah. Melihat permasalahan di atas tujuan tulisan ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi dan kebijakan pembangunan pangan  dalam ketersediaan pangan lokal di tengah perubahan iklim dewasa ini dapat disiasati dengan perubahan pola pikir konsumtif ke produktif  generasi muda melalui pendidikan pertanian, mendayagunakan lahan kosong yang ada untuk ditanami tanaman pangan, memberdayakan kelompok tani, mensosialisasikan potensi pangan lokal NTT, sehingga dapat terwujud ketahanan pangan dan tidak ketergantungan pada pangan pokok daerah lain. Untuk itu penulis berusaha menyusun strategi pembangunan ketahanan pangan dari aspek pendidikan melalui strategi pengembangan Dick & Carey. Pangan merupakan komoditas penting dan strategis bagi bangsa daerah mengingat pangan adalah kebutuhan dasar manusia yang harus dipenuhi oleh pemerintah dan masyarakat secara bersama-sama seperti diamanatkan oleh Undang Undang Nomor 7 tahun 1996 tentang pangan. Dalam Undang Undang Nomor 7 tahun 1996 tentang  pangan dinyatakan bahwa Pemerintah  menyelenggarakan pengaturan, pembinaan, pengendalian dan pengawasan masyarakat, menyelenggarakan  proses produksi dan penyediaan,perdagangan, distribusi serta berperan sebagai konsumen yang berhak memperoleh pangan yang cukup dalam jumlah dan mutu, aman, bergizi, beragam, merata, dan terjangkau oleh daya beli masyarakat.Ketersediaan bahan pangan nasional dapat tercukupi bila dimulai dari ketercukupan pangan tingkat keluarga, lokal daerah ditandai dengan adanya konsumsi pangan setiap individu terpenuhi kecukupan gizi seimbang dapat menikmati yang berdampak pada kecukupan pangan dengan baik dan status gizi masyarakat Indonesia terpenuhi secara lokal NTT.ketersediaan pangan dalam jumlah dan jenis yang cukup untuk seluruh masyarakat secara lokal NTT, distribusi pangan yang lancar, harga pangan murah dan terjangkau oleh lapisan masyarakat secara lokal NTT, merata keseluruh keluarga di daerah.  

scholarly journals KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI KELAPA SAWIT DI KECAMATAN BANGUNREJO KABUPATEN LAMPUNG TENGAH

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Alfu Mifta Khusufa ◽  
Dwi Haryono ◽  
Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Dietary Habit ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Food Reserves

The aims of this research are to analyze the level of food security, the factors that influence the level of household food security, and efforts to increase the level of food security of palm oil farmer households.   The location of this research is chosen purposively in Bangunrejo Sub district, Central Lampung Regency in which respondents are 75 palm oil farmers household.  The data were collected in January – March 2019 using a survey method and analyzed using cross-classification between the share of food expenditure and energy adequacy level, ordinal logistic regression, and descriptive qualitative analysis.  The results of the research showed that the majority of farmer households (61.33%) were classified as food secure, and the rest were classified as less food secure (28%), vulnerable to food (9.33%), and food insecure (1.33%).  The affecting factors on the level of food security were formal education level of housewives, households’ income, and number of household members. The efforts to increase the level of food security by Government were through monitoring food availability and food reserves, developing food distribution and stabilization of food prices, Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH), Raskin, and Bantuan Pangan Non Tunai (BPNT). Whereas, the efforts by palm oil farmer households were food loan (93.33%) and changing dietary habit (6.67%).Key words: cross-clasification, food security, palm oil farmer households

scholarly journals Drought-tolerant Varieties as an Adaptation Strategy in the Context of Climate Change: Insight from Maize Production Systems in Benin

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mohamed Nasser Baco
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Agro Ecological Zones

Previous studies suggested that maize is set to become a cash crop while ensuring food security better than any other crop. However, climate change has become one of the key production constraints that are now hampering and threatening the sustainability of maize production systems. We conducted a study to better understand changes here defined as adaptations made by smallholder farmers to ensure food security and improve income through maize production in a climate change context. Our results show that maize farmers in northern Benin mainly rely on traditional seeds. Drought as abiotic stress is perceived by farmers in many agro-ecological zones as a disruptive factor for crop production, including maize. When drought is associated with pest damages, both the quantity (i.e. yield) and the quality (i.e. attributes) of products/harvests are negatively affected. The adverse effects of drought continue to reduce production in different agro-ecological zones of the country, because of the lack of widespread adoption of tolerant varieties. The study suggests actions towards the production of drought-tolerant maize seeds, a promotion of seed companies, the organization of actors and value chains. Apart from climate change, the promotion of value chains is also emerging as one of the important aspects to take into account to sustain maize production in Benin.

scholarly journals KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA PETANI KOPI DI KECAMATAN ULU BELU KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 531
Author(s):  
Elok Dinar Anggitasari ◽  
Yaktiworo Indriani ◽  
Fembriarti Erry Prasmatiwi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Food Law ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Food Reserves

The aims of this research are to analyze the level of food security, the factors that affect the level of food security, and efforts to increase the level of food security of coffee farmer households.  The method used in this research is a survey method.  Location is chosen purposively in Ngarip and Sukamaju Villages, Ulu Belu Subdistrict, Tanggamus regency with samples of 70 coffee farmer households selected using a simple random method.  The data were primary and secondary data, collected in May - July 2018 and analyzed by cross-table between the share of food expenditure and energy adequacy level, ordinal logistic regression, and descriptive qualitative analysis.  The results of the research according to BPS showed that the majority of respondents belonged to the category of food secure (31.43%), and the rest belonged to the category lack of food (30.00%), food vulnerable (22.86%), food insecure (15.71%).  The results according to nutrition and 2012 food law showed that the majority of respondents belonged to the category of food security (50.00%), lack of food (41.43%), food vulnerable (5.71%), and food insecure (2.86%).  The affecting factors on the level of food security were the household income and education level of housewives.  The efforts to increase the level of food security by Government were conducted by monitoring of food availability and food reserves, developing food distribution and stabilization of food prices, developing diversification of consumption and food security as well as staple food assistance through the raskin program, whereas efforts are carried out by households coffee farmers, namely by doing productive activities outside the coffee farm.Key words: coffee farmer households, food expenditure, food security

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Crops Adaptation and Strategies to Tackle Its Outcome: A Review

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Raza ◽  
Ali Razzaq ◽  
Sundas Mehmood ◽  
Xiling Zou ◽  
Xuekun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Climate Changes ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Ozone Level

Agriculture and climate change are internally correlated with each other in various aspects, as climate change is the main cause of biotic and abiotic stresses, which have adverse effects on the agriculture of a region. The land and its agriculture are being affected by climate changes in different ways, e.g., variations in annual rainfall, average temperature, heat waves, modifications in weeds, pests or microbes, global change of atmospheric CO2 or ozone level, and fluctuations in sea level. The threat of varying global climate has greatly driven the attention of scientists, as these variations are imparting negative impact on global crop production and compromising food security worldwide. According to some predicted reports, agriculture is considered the most endangered activity adversely affected by climate changes. To date, food security and ecosystem resilience are the most concerning subjects worldwide. Climate-smart agriculture is the only way to lower the negative impact of climate variations on crop adaptation, before it might affect global crop production drastically. In this review paper, we summarize the causes of climate change, stresses produced due to climate change, impacts on crops, modern breeding technologies, and biotechnological strategies to cope with climate change, in order to develop climate resilient crops. Revolutions in genetic engineering techniques can also aid in overcoming food security issues against extreme environmental conditions, by producing transgenic plants.

Verteilungskonflikte durch die Klimaschutzpolitik – Verschärft die EU die Hungerproblematik?

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Klepper ◽  
Mareike Lange
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Climate Mitigation ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Price Increases ◽  
Cost Of Energy ◽  
World Markets ◽  
The Cost

AbstractClimate change is one of the grand challenges of this century, but so is the eradication of hunger which is still present for roughly one billion people mainly in tropical countries. Both climate change and climate mitigation have an impact on the availability of food, especially in those regions that are particularly poor. Climate change is expected to affect most strongly the tropical regions thus reducing further the availability of suitable production conditions for agriculture. Climate mitigation can reduce the climate induced risk to food security, at the same time it has also a negative impact on food prices. First of all, climate policies raise the cost of energy which is an important component of the cost of agriculture. More importantly, many countries join the EU in supporting bioenergy production which directly competes with food production thus raising food prices. The world’s poor are most affected by such price increases since they spend most of their income on food products. Thus, increasing food prices directly translate into increasing hunger for those people. The current EU bioenergy policies are not yet strong enough to have a large impact on world markets. However, in the future bioenergy may pose a threat to food security for the poor.

Climate change and food production in North West India

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Savita Ahlawat ◽  
Dhian Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
North West ◽  
Significant Change ◽  
Northwest Region

At present, climate change is one of the most challenging environmental issues as it poses potential threat to different sectors of economy at global level. Agriculture being an open activity is primarily dependent on climatic factors and change in climatic conditions affects the production, quality and quantity of crop production in an area. This paper attempts to study effects of only two parameters of climate i.e. temperature and rainfall on agricultural production in northwest region of India. Northwest region comprising of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu Kashmir states is the greatest food bowl of India contributing to its food security. The analysis of mean monthly rainfall and maximum and minimum temperatures (1901-2006) shows no significant change in temperature and rainfall conditions from 1901 to 1960; but afterward the change is more pronounced. On the whole any significant change in climatic conditions will not only challenge the food production of the region but also challenge the country’s food security situation.

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