scholarly journals FAD2-DGAT2Genes Coexpressed in EndophyticAspergillus fumigatusDerived from Tung Oilseeds

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Cun Chen ◽  
Yang-Dong Wang ◽  
Qin-Qin Cui ◽  
Zhi-Yong Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Tung Tree ◽  
Genetically Engineer ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase 2

Recent efforts to genetically engineer plants that contain fatty acid desaturases to produce valuable fatty acids have made only modest progress. Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 (DGAT2), which catalyzes the final step in triacylglycerol (TAG) assembly, might potentially regulate the biosynthesis of desired fatty acids in TAGs. To study the effects of tung tree (Vernicia fordii)vfDGAT2in channeling the desired fatty acids into TAG,vfDGAT2combined with the tung tree fatty acid desaturase-2 (vfFAD2) gene was co-introduced intoAspergillus fumigatus, an endophytic fungus isolated from healthy tung oilseed. Two transformants coexpressingvfFAD2andvfDGAT2showed a more than 6-fold increase in linoleic acid production compared to the originalA. fumigatusstrain, while a nearly 2-fold increase was found in the transformant expressing onlyvfFAD2. Our data suggest thatvfDGAT2plays a pivotal role in promoting linoleic acid accumulation in TAGs. This holds great promise for further genetic engineering aimed at producing valuable fatty acids.

scholarly journals In Silico Analysis of Partial Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 cDNA From Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117793222110057
Author(s):  
Nurul Jadid ◽  
Indah Prasetyowati ◽  
Nur Laili Alfina Rosidah ◽  
Dini Ermavitalini ◽  
Sri Nurhatika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Eleostearic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 ◽  
Silico Analysis

Reutealis trisperma oil is a new source for biodiesel production. The predominant fatty acids in this plant are stearic acid (9%), palmitic acid (10%), oleic acid (12%), linoleic acid (19%), and α-eleostearic acid (51%). The presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), linoleic acid, and α-eleostearic acid decreases the oxidation stability of R. trisperma biodiesel. Although several studies have suggested that the fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) enzyme is involved in the regulation of fatty acid desaturation, little is known about the genetic information of FAD2 in R. trisperma. The objectives of this study were to isolate, characterize, and determine the relationship between the R. trisperma FAD2 fragment and other Euphorbiaceae plants. cDNA fragments were isolated using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The DNA sequence obtained by sequencing was used for further analysis. In silico analysis identified the fragment identity, subcellular localization, and phylogenetic construction of the R. trisperma FAD2 cDNA fragment and Euphorbiaceae. The results showed that a 923-bp partial sequence of R. trisperma FAD2 was successfully isolated. Based on in silico analysis, FAD2 was predicted to encode 260 amino acids, had a domain similarity with Omega-6 fatty acid desaturase, and was located in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The R. trisperma FAD2 fragment was more closely related to Vernicia fordii (HM755946.1).

Saccharomyces kluyveri FAD3 encodes an ω3 fatty acid desaturase

Microbiology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 150 (6) ◽  
pp. 1983-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Oura ◽  
Susumu Kajiwara
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturases ◽  
Desaturase Gene ◽  
Saccharomyces Kluyveri ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase Gene

Fungi, like plants, are capable of producing the 18-carbon polyunsaturated fatty acids linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. These fatty acids are synthesized by catalytic reactions of Δ12 and ω3 fatty acid desaturases. This paper describes the first cloning and functional characterization of a yeast ω3 fatty acid desaturase gene. The deduced protein encoded by the Saccharomyces kluyveri FAD3 gene (Sk-FAD3) consists of 419 amino acids, and shows 30–60 % identity with Δ12 fatty acid desaturases of several eukaryotic organisms and 29–31 % identity with ω3 fatty acid desaturases of animals and plants. During Sk-FAD3 expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, α-linolenic acid accumulated only when linoleic acid was added to the culture medium. The disruption of Sk-FAD3 led to the disappearance of α-linolenic acid in S. kluyveri. These findings suggest that Sk-FAD3 is the only ω3 fatty acid desaturase gene in this yeast. Furthermore, transcriptional expression of Sk-FAD3 appears to be regulated by low-temperature stress in a manner different from the other fatty acid desaturase genes in S. kluyveri.

Association between FADS1 rs174547 and levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yiwei Tang ◽  
Ye Ji ◽  
Wenhui Xu ◽  
Naeem Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Genotype Group ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
Long Chain

Abstract In this study, we analysed the effects of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs174547 (T/C) in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene on long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid levels. Four databases were searched to retrieve related literature with keywords such as fatty acid, SNP, FADS1, and rs174547. A meta-analysis of the data was performed using Stata12.0 software, including summary statistics, test for heterogeneity, evaluation of publication bias, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis. The associations between rs174547 in FADS1 and seven types of fatty acids, and delta-5 (D5D) and delta-6 fatty acid desaturase (D6D) activity were assessed based on the pooled results from 11 manuscripts. A total of 3713 individuals (1529 TT and 2184 TC+CC) were included. The results demonstrated that minor C allele carriers of rs174547 had higher linoleic acid (LA; P < 0.001) and α-linolenic acid (P = 0.020) levels, lower gamma linoleic acid (GLA; P = 0.001) and arachidonic acid (P = 0.024) levels, and lower D5D (P = 0.005) and D6D (P = 0.004) activities than the TT genotype group. Stratification analysis showed that minor C allele carriers of rs174547 had higher LA and lower GLA levels and lower D6D activities in plasma (LA, P < 0.001; GLA, P < 0.001; D6D activity, P < 0.001) samples and in Asian populations (LA, P < 0.001; GLA, P = 0.001; D6D activity, P = 0.001) than the TT genotype group. In conclusion, minor C allele carriers of the SNP rs174547 were associated with decreased activity of D5D and D6D.

Inhibition of polyunsaturated fatty acid accumulation in plants expressing a fatty acid epoxygenase

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 940-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Singh ◽  
S. Thomaeus ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
A. Green ◽  
S. Stymne
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Transgenic Arabidopsis ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Seed Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Accumulation ◽  
Epoxy Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Accumulation ◽  
Δ12 Desaturase

Earlier, we described the isolation of a Crepis palaestina cDNA (Cpal2) which encoded a Δ12-epoxygenase that could catalyse the synthesis of 12,13-epoxy-cis-9-octadecenoic acid (18:1E) from linoleic acid (18:2). When the Cpal2 gene was expressed under the control of a seed-specific promoter in Arabidopsis plants were able to accumulate small amounts 18:1E and 12,13-epoxy-cis-9,15-octadec-2-enoic acid in their seed lipids. In this report we give results obtained from a detailed analysis of transgenic Arabidopsis plants containing the Cpal2 gene. The seeds from these plants accumulate varying levels of 18:1E, but show a marked increase in 18:1 and equivalent decrease in 18:2 and 18:3. We further observed that the co-expression of a C. palaestina Δ12-desaturase in Arabidopsis appears to return the relative proportions of the C18 seed fatty acids to normal levels and results in a 2-fold increase in total epoxy fatty acids.

scholarly journals Low-linoleic acid diet and oestrogen enhance the conversion of α-linolenic acid into DHA through modification of conversion enzymes and transcription factors

2018 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghee Kim ◽  
Jeong-Eun Choi ◽  
Yongsoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Hepatic Expression ◽  
Acid Diet ◽  
Element Binding Protein

AbstractConversion of α-linolenic acid (ALA) into the longer chain n-3 PUFA has been suggested to be affected by the dietary intake of linoleic acid (LA), but the mechanism is not well known. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a low-LA diet with and without oestrogen on the fatty acid conversion enzymes and transcription factors. Rats were fed a modified American Institute of Nutrition-93G diet with 0% n-3 PUFA or ALA, containing low or high amounts of LA for 12 weeks. At 8 weeks, the rats were injected with maize oil with or without 17β-oestradiol-3-benzoate (E) at constant intervals for the remaining 3 weeks. Both the low-LA diet and E significantly increased the hepatic expressions of PPAR-α, fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 2, elongase of very long chain fatty acids 2 (ELOVL2) and ELOVL5 but decreased sterol regulatory element binding protein 1. The low-LA diet, but not E, increased the hepatic expression of FADS1, and E increased the hepatic expression of oestrogen receptor-α and β. The low-LA diet and E had synergic effects on serum and liver levels of DHA and on the hepatic expression of PPAR-α. In conclusion, the low-LA diet and oestrogen increased the conversion of ALA into DHA by upregulating the elongases and desaturases of fatty acids through regulating the expression of transcription factors. The low-LA diet and E had a synergic effect on serum and liver levels of DHA through increasing the expression of PPAR-α.

scholarly journals Influence of fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genotype on maternal and child polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) status and child health outcomes: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 627-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie C Conway ◽  
Emeir M McSorley ◽  
Maria S Mulhern ◽  
J J Strain ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Breast Milk ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Child Health Outcomes ◽  
And Child Health

Abstract Context Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are important during pregnancy for fetal development and child health outcomes. The fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes also influence PUFA status, with the FADS genes controlling how much product (eg, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) is metabolized from the precursor molecules linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid. Objective The current review discusses the influence of FADS genotype on PUFA status of pregnant women, breast milk, and children, and also how FADS may influence child health outcomes. Data sources The Ovid Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL Plus, PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from their inception to September 2018. Data extraction Eligible studies reported FADS genotype and blood concentrations of PUFA during pregnancy, in childhood, breast milk concentrations of PUFA or child health outcomes. Data analysis In pregnant and lactating women, minor allele carriers have higher concentrations of linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid, and lower concentrations of arachidonic acid, in blood and breast milk, respectively. In children, FADS genotype influences PUFA status in the same manner and may impact child outcomes such as cognition and allergies; however, the direction of effects for the evidence to date is not consistent. Conclusion Further studies are needed to further investigate associations between FADS and outcomes, as well as the diet-gene interaction.

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 (FADS2) Actions on Branched Chain and Normal Odd Chain Saturated Fatty Acids

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1261-1261
Author(s):  
Kumar Kothapalli ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Hui Gyu Park ◽  
Dong Hao Wang ◽  
Riki Kitano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase ◽  
Vector System ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Ionization Mass ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturase 2 ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Abstract Objectives Branched chain fatty acids (BCFA), linear chain/normal odd chain fatty acids (n-OCFA) and sapienic acid (16:1n-10), are the most abundant lipids on human skin, especially sebaceous gland (SG) wax esters. Sapienic acid synthesis is mediated by fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) in the sebaceous glands. FADS2 is an abundant mRNA in human skin, producing a classical transcript that introduces a double bond at the Δ6, Δ4 and Δ8 positions acting on at least eleven substrates, including one saturate (n-16:0). Our main objective was to test the hypothesis that FADS2 catalyze desaturation reaction(s) operating on specific BCFA and n-OCFA. Methods We created MCF-7 cells stably expressing FADS1 and FADS2 by using pcDNA3.1 expression vector system along with empty vector cells as control. Cells were cultured in standard MEM-α media and incubated at concentration of 50 μM of bovine serum albumin (BSA)-bound fatty acid substrates individually (anteiso-15:0, iso-16:0, iso-17:0, anteiso-17:0, iso-18:0 or n-17:0). FAME were structurally identified by gas chromatography (GC) - covalent adduct chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CACI-MS/MS) and quantified by GC-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Results FADS2 desaturated BCFA as follows: iso-16:0 → iso-6Z-16:1, iso-17:0 → iso-6Z-17:1, anteiso-17:0 → anteiso-6Z-17:1 and iso-18:0 → iso-6Z-18:1. FADS2 had no action on anteiso-15:0. FADS2 converted n-17:0 → n-6Z-17:1. FADS1 had no activity towards any of these substrates. Conclusions We provide the first molecular evidence demonstrating novel FADS2-coded enzymatic activity towards BCFA and n-OCFA producing predominant human sebaceous monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). Our results extends FADS2 activity to BCFA and n-OCFA and expands FADS2 actions on saturated fatty acid substrates from one to six. Changes in the levels or the activity of FADS2 can influence the fatty acid composition of the sebum, which may play a role in certain skin abnormalities. Funding Sources NIH R01 AT007003.

scholarly journals Explore the gene network regulating the composition of fatty acids in cottonseed

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Ma ◽  
Xinqi Cheng ◽  
Chuan Wang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Expression Characteristics

Abstract Background Cottonseed is one of the major sources of vegetable oil. Analysis of the dynamic changes of fatty acid components and the genes regulating the composition of fatty acids of cottonseed oil is of great significance for understanding the biological processes underlying biosynthesis of fatty acids and for genetic improving the oil nutritional qualities. Results In this study, we investigated the dynamic relationship of 13 fatty acid components at 12 developmental time points of cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and generated cottonseed transcriptome of the 12 time points. At 5–15 day post anthesis (DPA), the contents of polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and saturated stearic acid (C18:0) were higher, while linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) was mainly synthesized after 15 DPA. Using 5 DPA as a reference, 15,647 non-redundant differentially expressed genes were identified in 10–60 DPA cottonseed. Co-expression gene network analysis identified six modules containing 3275 genes significantly associated with middle-late seed developmental stages and enriched with genes related to the linoleic acid metabolic pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Genes (Gh_D03G0588 and Gh_A02G1788) encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase were identified as hub genes and significantly up-regulated at 25 DPA. They seemed to play a decisive role in determining the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. FAD2 genes (Gh_A13G1850 and Gh_D13G2238) were highly expressed at 25–50 DPA, eventually leading to the high content of C18:2n-6 in cottonseed. The content of C18:3n-3 was significantly decreased from 5 DPA (7.44%) to 25 DPA (0.11%) and correlated with the expression characteristics of Gh_A09G0848 and Gh_D09G0870. Conclusions These results contribute to our understanding on the relationship between the accumulation pattern of fatty acid components and the expression characteristics of key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis during the entire period of cottonseed development.

scholarly journals Identification and quantification of dicarboxylic fatty acids in head tissue of farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Lehnert ◽  
Mamun M. Rashid ◽  
Benoy Kumar Barman ◽  
Walter Vetter
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Oreochromis Niloticus ◽  
Nile Tilapia ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
The European Union

AbstractNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was grown in Bangladesh with four different feeding treatments as part of a project that aims to produce fish in a cost-effective way for low-income consumers in developing countries. Fillet and head tissue was analysed because both tissues were destined for human consumption. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses of transesterified fatty acid methyl ester extracts indicated the presence of ~ 50 fatty acids. Major fatty acids in fillet and head tissue were palmitic acid and oleic acid. Both linoleic acid and polyunsaturated fatty acids with three or more double bonds were presented in quantities > 10% of total fatty acids in fillet, but lower in head tissue. Erucic acid levels were below the newly proposed tolerable daily intake in the European Union, based on the consumption of 200 g fillet per day. Moreover, further analysis produced evidence for the presence of the dicarboxylic fatty acid azelaic acid (nonanedioic acid, Di9:0) in head tissue. To verify this uncommon finding, countercurrent chromatography was used to isolate Di9:0 and other dicarboxylic acids from a technical standard followed by its quantification. Di9:0 contributed to 0.4–1.3% of the fatty acid profile in head tissue, but was not detected in fillet. Fish fed with increasing quantities of flaxseed indicated that linoleic acid was the likely precursor of Di9:0 in the head tissue samples.

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