scholarly journals Coincidence of COVID-19 epidemic and olfactory dysfunction outbreak

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Hamidreza Bagheri ◽  
Alimohamad Asghari ◽  
Mohammad Farhadi ◽  
Ahmad Reza Shamshiri ◽  
Ali Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
P Value ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Home Town ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Olfactory Disorder ◽  
History Of

AbstractBackgroundRecent surge of olfactory dysfunction in patients who were referred to ENT clinics and concurrent COVID-19epidemic in Iran motivated us to evaluate anosmic/hyposmic patients to find any relation between these two events.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study with an online checklist on voluntary cases in all provinces of Iran between the 12th and 17th March, 2020. Cases was defined as self-reported anosmia/hyposmia in responders fewer than 4 weeks later (from start the of COVID-19 epidemic in Iran). Variables consist of clinical presentations, related past medical history, family history of recent respiratory tract infection and hospitalization.ResultsIn this study 10069 participants aged 32.5±8.6 (7-78) years, 71.13% female and 81.68% non-smoker completed online checklist. They reported 10.55% a history of a trip out of home town and 1.1% hospitalization due to respiratory problems recently. From family members 12.17% had a history of severe respiratory disease in recent days and 48.23% had anosmia/hyposmia.Correlation between the number of olfactory disorder and reported COVID-19 patients in all 31 provinces till 16th March 2020 was highly significant (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.87, p-Value<0.001). The onset of anosmia was sudden in 76.24% and till the time of filling the questionnaire in 60.90% of patients decreased sense of smell was constant. Also 83.38 of this patients had decreased taste sensation in association with anosmia.ConclusionsIt seems that we have a surge in outbreak of olfactory dysfunction happened in Iran during the COVID-19 epidemic. The exact mechanism of anosmia/hyposmia in COVID-19 patients’ needs further investigations.

scholarly journals Diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae managed by hysteroscopy in the gyanecological endoscopic surgery and human reproductive teaching hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Etienne Belinga ◽  
Isidore Tompeen ◽  
Claude Cyrille Noa Ndoua ◽  
Junie Metogo Ntsama ◽  
Sandrine Mendibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Qualitative Variables ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Human Reproductive ◽  
History Of

Background: Uterine synechiae refers to a total or partial union of the inner walls of the uterus resulting from endometrial trauma. It is a cause of reproductive failure. Until now, synechia was not optimally treated and has remained understudied in Cameroon. Objective of present study was to Evaluate the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of uterine synechiae treated by hysteroscopy.Methods: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical component from January 1st 2015 to July 31st 2017 at Yaounde. All patients diagnosed with uterine synechiae and treated with hysteroscopy were our sample. Sampling was consecutive. The chi-square test was used for the comparison of qualitative variables and Fisher's test for ANOVA variance analysis. The comparison of the averages was made by the Student's test. P-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: Hysteroscopies were indicated for uterine synechiae in 14.50%. Nulliparous were 56.67%. A history of curettage/aspiration was present in 66.66%. All of the patients had a form of infertility and 83.33% had menstrual disorders. Hysterosalpingography showed a better sensitivity (88%). After hysteroscopic treatment, 63.30% had a complete anatomical restitution. There is a significant correlation between the stage of severity of synechia and anatomical restitution (p=0.008; Spearman correlation coefficient=-0.477).Conclusions: Uterine synechiae represent one-sixth of all indications for hysteroscopy and present clinically as menstrual disorder associated with infertility. A past history of uterine curettage is common. Hysterosalpingography has a better preoperative diagnostic sensitivity. Hysteroscopy allows optimal treatment.

scholarly journals Recurrent Miscarriage and Consanguinity among Omani Women– A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Al Hoqani ◽  
Wadha Al Ghafri ◽  
Saneya El tayeb ◽  
Yahya Al Farsi ◽  
Vaidyanathan Gowri
Keyword(s):  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriages ◽  
Sultan Qaboos University ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of

Objective: to determine the prevalence of explained and unexplained recurrent miscarriages (RM) and to find out if there is a significant relationship between recurrent miscarriages and consanguinity. Methods: A cross sectional in which the cases group included all women with RM attending the outpatient clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital from July 2006 to April 2012 and the controls group included women with no history of RM after matching them with cases for age (case to control ratio was 1:1). The main outcome measures were the prevalence of consanguinity in women with or without recurrent miscarriages. Results: During study period a total of 290 women with RM were seen. Of which, 150 (51.7%) women had unexplained RM. Control group with no history of RM were 300 women. Consanguinity rate among cases (49.5%) %) was less than the controls (52.7 %%). Both first cousin and second cousin marriages were more common in the controls than the cases and it was not statistically significant (p value 0.476, chi squared test). Conclusion: In this study we found that more than half of RM cases were unexplained and there was no significant association between RM and consanguinity.

scholarly journals Factors influencing Ludwig’s Angina

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharfuddin Mahmud ◽  
Rojibul Haque ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Rafiul Alam ◽  
Siddiqur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Neck Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tooth Cleaning ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Poor Nutritional Status ◽  
Causative Agents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Response Method

Introduction: Ludwig‘s angina is a rapidly progressive, potentially fulminant cellulitis involving the sub-lingual, submental and sub-mandibular spaces. It typically originates from an infected or recently extracted tooth, most commonly the lower second and third molars. Besides, poor nutritional status, lack of proper medical supports are still major predisposing factors in developing Ludwig‘s angina in countries like Bangladesh. Aim: Our study aimed to observe etiological factors, clinical presentations, causative agents and treatment response. Method: We carried out a cross sectional study among 26 patients with Ludwig‘s angina admitted in the department of ENT and Head-neck surgery in Mitford Hospital from January- December-2012. Results: In this study we found that males are predominantly affected than females (22 males and 4 females, ratio-5.5:1) with odontogenic infection (15, 57%) as source. We found history of recent tooth extraction in 5 cases (19.2%) & organism was isolated from pus culture, Klebsiella in 5 cases (19.2%) out of 13 cases. In this study we found tooth cleaning habit of patients by tooth brush18 cases (69.2%). We elicited underlying systemic disease mainly Diabetes Mellitus in 4 cases (15.3%) and Chronic renal failure in some of our cases but could not reach in a conclusion as to whether systemic illness predisposes to Ludwig‘ angina. Conclusion: Our study suggests that prompt and thorough clinical evaluation and definitive care will considerably improve patient condition and reduce morbidity and mortality. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v20i1.22010 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; April 2014; 20(1): 5-7

scholarly journals Fragmented QRS Complex as a Predictor of Multivessel Disease in Acute Coronary Syndrome

2017 ◽  
pp. 130-6
Author(s):  
Idar Mappangara ◽  
Abdul Hakim Alkatiri ◽  
Stefan Hendyanto
Keyword(s):  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multivessel Disease ◽  
P Value ◽  
Qrs Complex ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Fragmented Qrs ◽  
History Of

Background: The incidence of multivessel disease in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is expected to be identified as early as possible in order to perform optimal management. The presence of multivessel disease can lead to ischemia or myocardial infarction. Fragmented QRS complex (fQRS) is a new electrocardiography (ECG) parameter that has been proven to be caused by ischemia or myocardial infarction.Methods: A cross-sectional study. Patients with ACS that admitted at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar since December 2014 - March 2015 who are eligible were enrolled in this study.Presence of fQRS evaluated on first 12-lead ECG at hospital admission. Presence of multivessel disease based on coronary angiography. Data were analyzed by logistic regression. Data was significant if the p-value<0.05.Results: There are 63 subjects (56 men and 7 women) included in this study. Older age, history of ACS before, presence of dyslipidemia, and presence of fQRS were significantly more often in group with multivessel disease. After analyzed with logistic regression, the fQRS was the only significant predictor of multivessel disease with p value 0.003 and odds ratio 13.28.Conclusion: Presence of fQRS in the first 12-lead ECG when admitted to the hospital was an independent predictor of multivessel disease in patients with ACS.

scholarly journals Relationship between sodium, calcium, and preeclampsia during pregnancy : a Cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Fitri Handayani ◽  
Fatimah Fatimah ◽  
Yulinda Kurniasari ◽  
Lia Dian Ayuningrum
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expectant Mothers ◽  
Development Goals

<p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong><strong></strong></p><p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong> In the world maternal mortality as many as 830 women died due to complications in childbirth. In 2015, 303.000 women died during pregnancy and after pregnancy. Target Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) year 2030 lowers MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE under 70 per 100.000 live births. Pregnancy complications can cause bleeding before or after childbirth, preeclampsia, eclampsia, infections, and others. Maternal death case in Kab. Bantul in 2015 is 9 cases. Research Data in the Panembahan Senopati Hospital in the year 2017 the incidence of childbirth with complications of 1068 people. The prevalence of preeclampsia in expectant mothers is 176 people by 16.47%.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research aims to know the relationship of sodium and calcium consumption in the mother of Nifas with preeclampsia during pregnancy in the Panembahan Senopati Hospital. Number of Samples were 54 postpartum women in Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Processing and analysis of data using the Chi-square test.</p><p><strong>Method<em>s: </em></strong>This type of research is an analytical observational, with a research design using a cross-sectional.</p><p><strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Characteristics of most respondents in the age category of 20-35 years as many as 38 people (70.4%), education graduated of senior high school 28 people (51.9%), history of not hypertension as many as 51 people (94.4%) and has no preeclampsia history as much as 50 people (92.6%). Statistical test results of Chi-square and p-value sodium was 0.564 (&gt; 0.05) and P-value calcium was 1.000 (&gt; 0.05).</p><p><strong><em>Conclusion</em></strong>: There is no relationship between sodium and calcium consumption of postpartum women with preeclampsia problem during pregnancy at Panembahan Senopati Hospital.</p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong> <em>calcium, <em>preeclampsia, </em></em>s<em>odium</em></p>

scholarly journals CELIAC DISEASE

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 072-075
Author(s):  
Sana Zulfiqar ◽  
Amin Fahim ◽  
Aneela Qureshi ◽  
Sadia Adnan ◽  
Shomail Saeed Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Duodenal Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Marsh Type ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To find out the Modified Marsh type of celiac disease (CD)patients on histopathological examination of duodenal (D2) biopsies and to correlate it withtissue transglutaminase IgA levels. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place of Study:Histopathology laboratory (Department of Pathology), Isra University Hospital and AsianInstitute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Hyderabad. Duration of Study: July 2013 to December2013. Materials and Methods: 96 patients with a history of malabsorption or atypical symptomswith clinical suspicion of CD were subjected to endoscopy. Endoscopic duodenal (D2) biopsieswere taken regardless of age and gender. D2 biopsies were processed for histopathologicalexamination under light microscopy. Results: Out of 96 patients, 45 (46.9%) patients hadmoderate type of lamina propria inflammation along with highly significant p-value (0.0001).CDtype 3a was observed in 34 patients (35.4%). In this study the comparison of serological level oftissue Transglutaminase IgA (tTGA) and histological severity revealed significant correlation. AllModified Marsh types of CD with tTGA level seen in our study were highly significant (p-value0.001). Conclusion: In this study strong correlation was observed between the serologicaltTGA level and histological findings by Modified Marsh classification along with lamina propriainflammation of duodenal mucosa in CD patients.

scholarly journals Incidence and Risk Factors of Post-Operative Delirium in Elderly Patients Who Underwent Spinal Anesthesia in Orotta, Halibet and Sembel Hospitals: A Cross Sectional Study in Eritrea

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Michael Beraki Mengistu ◽  
◽  
Yonatan Mehari Andemeske ◽  
AriamTsegay Emhatsion ◽  
HabtomTareke Wrieta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: Delirium is a common but often underdiagnosed set of transient symptoms often seen in elderly patients following surgeries under spinal anesthesia. With early recognition and diagnosis based on the established standard criteria delirium can be improved. Early identification of the possible contributingfactors and the magnitude of the burden will help in the management of the fragile elderly patients. The aim of this study is to determine the incidence of postoperative delirium and associated risk factors in elderly patients who have done surgery under spinal anesthesia. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in the National Referral Hospitals and Sembel PrivateHospital, in Asmara, Eritrea from February to May, 2019. The study participants were elderly patients (age ≥65 years) having no known history of dementia or delirium or no mental disorder, no history of acute cerebrovascular disease. Basic background and clinical characteristics of the patients was collected. To assess the status of cognitive impairment level, the Mini Mental State Examination and Confusion Assessment Method tools were used. Data was collected through an interview method. After the data was entered into SPSS version 22 software, data was analyzed with frequency, percentage, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis method as appropriate. P value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 74 ±6.62 and 102 (79.1%) of the participants were males. POD occurred in 14 (10.9%) of the patients. Adjusting all the potential factors, age was identified as arisk factor for developing POD. Conclusion: Age was determined to be a significant risk factor of delirium. Elderly patients require more attention and care and the findings might help to develop preventive strategies to the occurrence of POD

scholarly journals Reproductive Hormone in Transfusion dependent βeta thalassemia major patients.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2179-2183
Author(s):  
Sana Fatima Baloch ◽  
Ikram Din Ujjan ◽  
Sadia Shahmeer ◽  
Nazia Hafeez ◽  
Kiran Amir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
P Value ◽  
Transfusion Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Endocrine Profile ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Setting

Objective: To evaluate endocrine profile in transfusion dependent beta-thalassemia major patients. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Department of Pathology Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro /Hyderabad and Thalassemia Centre Hyderabad. Period: 6 months from January 2018 to June 2018. Material & Methods: Cases already diagnosed with β- thalassemia major with recurrent blood transfusions (>20 transfusions or transfusion period over 2 years) both genders were included. All the patients went through routine laboratory checkups including Testosterone hormone, Luteinizing Hormone, and Follicle Stimulating Hormone. Data was recorded in preplanned proforma. Results: Overall 114 subjects were studied and their mean age was found to be 12.38+5.71 years. Females remained in majority as 56.1%. Mean of follicle stimulate hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) level were 4.60+4.88 and 5.39+8.39 respectively. Most of the patients, 35.1% had >300 of transfusion rate. Ferritin levels were significantly correlated with patients with history of transfusion rate >300; p-value 0.003. Testosterone level’s mean was considerably high among patients presented with transfusion rate of 201 to 300 and >300 transfusions; p-value 0.006. Likewise, mean of FSH and LH level was as well significantly high among the female subjects with history of transfusion rate of 201 to 300 and >300 transfusions; P-Values 0.019 and 0.026 respectively. Conclusion: Frequent hypogonadism was noted among thalassemia patients. Very low level average of FSH, LH and testosterone was seen.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Obesity, Dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus in Patients with Gastrojejunostomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sunil Kumar ◽  
Abhishek Sasidharan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Degree Relative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Billroth Gastrojejunostomy (GJ) is less invasive surgery as compared to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), which is performed for obesity and weight loss. There is sparse data on long term metabolic effects of GJ, which was performed frequently in the past. Aim: To determine the prevalence of obesity, dyslipidemia and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in patients that had undergone GJ. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Government Medical College, Calicut, Kerala, India, over a period of six years. All patients with history of GJ, done in past 15 years were included in the study. Presence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia were noted among patients and was compared with their first degree relatives. Patients with family history of diabetes and without first degree relative were excluded from the study. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test for qualitative variables and independent t-test for quantitative variables. Significance level was fixed as p-value of <0.05. Results: A total of 68 patients were studied. Mean age of patients was 64.01±10.2 years with males predominating the population (92.6%). The most common three reasons for presentation in gastroenterology were dyspeptic symptoms 32(47%), evaluation of anaemia 12 (17.6%), and history of malena 10(14.7%). Prevalence of diabetes was significantly less in patients with GJ (2.9% vs 22%). Obesity and dyslipidemia was also common in patients without GJ (7.3%), with p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Prevalence of obesity, DM and dyslipidemia is significantly lower in patients with GJ.

scholarly journals Association between physical activity and hypertension: A retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyao Hou ◽  
Shaoping Wan ◽  
Zhengping Yong ◽  
Yu Wu ◽  
Yueqi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Missing Values ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
History Of ◽  
Working Day

Abstract Background: Many guidelines recommend physical activity to prevent hypertension. However, the recommendations of different studies and guidelines for physical activity to prevent hypertension are not uniform. The objective of this study is to examine the association between the prevalence of hypertension and physical activity in different patterns, intensities, and durations. Methods: The sample was from a cross-sectional study of 479,842 subjects called the China Hypertension Survey, 2012-2015. We selected participants with physical activity information from the survey results in Sichuan Province (n = 19,277) for this study. As an advantage of our research, we used multiple imputation to supplement the missing data, instead of mean filling or delete missing values directly. The relationship between physical activity and hypertension was mainly analyzed by the Wilcoxon rank-test, Chi-squared tests, and the logistic regression model. Results: There were 2,006 participants eligible. A total of 354 (17.6%) participants were hypertensive. Participants who were older, less educated, had higher BMI, used alcohol regularly, and had a family history of hypertension were more likely to get hypertension (p-value<0.0001). Both walking or cycling ≥ 15 hours/week (OR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.36-0.95) and the sleeping duration ≥ 10 hours/non-working day (OR = 0.40; 95% CI = 0.19-0.81) are related to the low prevalence of hypertension. The risk factor associated with hypertension is the moderate activity related to leisure ≥ 15 hours/week (OR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.14-3.40). Conclusions: This study indicates that there is a significant association between the duration of physical activity and the prevalence of hypertension. Moreover, this association is affected by different patterns of physical activity.

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