scholarly journals White matter neuroanatomical predictors of aphasic verb retrieval

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haley C. Dresang ◽  
William D. Hula ◽  
Fang-Cheng Yeh ◽  
Tessa Warren ◽  
Michael Walsh Dickey
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
Parietal Cortices ◽  
Naming Performance

AbstractBackgroundCurrent neurocognitive models of language function have been primarily built from evidence regarding object naming, and their hypothesized white matter circuit mechanisms tend to be coarse-grained.MethodsIn this cross-sectional, observational study, we used novel correlational tractography to assess the white matter circuit mechanism behind verb retrieval, measured via action picture-naming performance in adults with chronic aphasia.ResultsThe analysis identified tracts implicated in current neurocognitive dual-stream models of language function, including the left inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and arcuate fasciculus. However, the majority of tracts associated with verb retrieval were not ones included in dual-stream models of language function. Instead, they were projection pathways that connect frontal and parietal cortices to subcortical regions associated with motor functions, including the left corticothalamic pathway, frontopontine tract, parietopontine tract, corticostriatal pathway, and corticospinal tract.ConclusionsThese results highlight that cortico-subcortical projection pathways implicated in motor functions may be importantly related to language function. This finding is consistent with grounded accounts of cognition and may furthermore inform neurocognitive models.Impact StatementThis study suggests that in addition to traditional dual-stream language fiber tracts, the integrity of projection pathways that connect frontal and parietal cortices to subcortical motor regions may be critically associated with verb-retrieval impairments in adults with aphasia. This finding challenges neurological models of language function.

Abnormalities in the white matter tracts in patients with Parkinson disease and psychosis

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (18) ◽  
pp. e1876-e1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Lenka ◽  
Madhura Ingalhalikar ◽  
Apurva Shah ◽  
Jitender Saini ◽  
Shyam Sundar Arumugham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inferior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Microstructural Integrity ◽  
Tesla Scanner ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging Dti

ObjectiveThe objective of the current study was to compare the microstructural integrity of the white matter (WM) tracts in patients having Parkinson disease (PD) with and without psychosis (PD-P and PD-NP) through diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 48 PD-NP and 42 PD-P who were matched for age, sex, and education. Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) was used to compare several DTI metrics from the diffusion-weighted MRIs obtained through a 3-Tesla scanner. A set of neuropsychological tests was used for the cognitive evaluation of all patients.ResultsThe severity and stage of PD were not statistically different between the groups. The PD-P group performed poorly in all the neuropsychological domains compared with the PD-NP group. TBSS analysis revealed widespread patterns of abnormality in the fractional anisotropy (FA) in the PD-P group, which also correlated with some of the cognitive scores. These tracts include inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, right parieto-occipital WM, body of the corpus callosum, and corticospinal tract.ConclusionThis study provides novel insights into the putative role of WM tract abnormalities in the pathogenesis of PD-P by demonstrating significant alterations in several WM tracts. Additional longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the findings of our research.

scholarly journals Microstructural development across white matter from 9-13 years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare E Palmer ◽  
Diliana Pecheva ◽  
John Rehner Iversen ◽  
Donald J Hagler ◽  
Leo Sugrue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Microstructural Development ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Subcortical Regions ◽  
Spatially Varying

Development in late childhood has been associated with microstructural changes in white matter (WM) that are hypothesized to underpin concurrent changes in cognitive and behavioral function. Restriction spectrum imaging (RSI) is a framework for modelling diffusion-weighted imaging that can probe microstructural changes within hindered and restricted compartments providing greater specificity than diffusion tensor imaging for characterizing intracellular diffusion. Using RSI, we modelled voxelwise restricted isotropic, N0, and anisotropic, ND, diffusion across the brain and measured cross-sectional and longitudinal age associations in a large sample (n=8,039) aged 9-13 years from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) StudySM. Participants showed global increases in N0 and ND across WM with age. When controlling for global RSI measures (averaged across WM), we found smaller age-related associations in frontal regions, reflective of more protracted development of frontal WM. Moreover, variability in the development of restricted diffusion in subcortical regions and along particular gray-white matter boundaries was independent of the global developmental effect. Using the ABCD sample, we have unprecedented statistical power to estimate developmental effects with high precision. Our analyses reveal spatially-varying maturational changes for different regions, independent of global changes. This non-uniformity may reflect age-dependent development of distinct cognitive and behavioral processes.

scholarly journals White Matter Microstructure in Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus Associated with Spatial Working Memory Performance in Children

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2135-2146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Vestergaard ◽  
Kathrine Skak Madsen ◽  
William F. C. Baaré ◽  
Arnold Skimminge ◽  
Lisser Rye Ejersbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Superior Longitudinal Fasciculus ◽  
Fiber Tract ◽  
Fiber Tracts ◽  
Parietal Cortices

During childhood and adolescence, ongoing white matter maturation in the fronto-parietal cortices and connecting fiber tracts is measurable with diffusion-weighted imaging. Important questions remain, however, about the links between these changes and developing cognitive functions. Spatial working memory (SWM) performance improves significantly throughout the childhood years, and several lines of evidence implicate the left fronto-parietal cortices and connecting fiber tracts in SWM processing. Here we report results from a study of 76 typically developing children, 7 to 13 years of age. We hypothesized that better SWM performance would be associated with increased fractional anisotropy (FA) in a left fronto-parietal network composed of the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), the regional white matter underlying the dorsolateral pFC, and the posterior parietal cortex. As hypothesized, we observed a significant association between higher FA in the left fronto-parietal network and better SWM skills, and the effect was independent of age. This association was mainly accounted for by variability in left SLF FA and remained significant when FA measures from global fiber tracts or right SLF were included in the model. Further, the effect of FA in left SLF appeared to be mediated primarily by decreasing perpendicular diffusivity. Such associations could be related to individual differences among children in the architecture of fronto-parietal connections and/or to differences in the pace of fiber tract development. Further studies are needed to determine the contributions of intrinsic and experiential factors to the development of functionally significant individual differences in fiber tract structure.

Arterial Stiffness Is Associated with White Matter Disruption and Cognitive Impairment: A Community-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 567-576
Author(s):  
Fei Han ◽  
Fei-Fei Zhai ◽  
Ming-Li Li ◽  
Li-Xin Zhou ◽  
Jun Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
White Matter Injury ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Mechanisms through which arterial stiffness impacts cognitive function are crucial for devising better strategies to prevent cognitive decline. Objective: To examine the associations of arterial stiffness with white matter integrity and cognition in community dwellings, and to investigate whether white matter injury was the intermediate of the associations between arterial stiffness and cognition. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional analysis on 952 subjects (aged 55.5±9.1 years) who underwent diffusion tensor imaging and measurement of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Both linear regression and tract-based spatial statistics were used to investigate the association between baPWV and white matter integrity. The association between baPWV and global cognitive function, measured as the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) was evaluated. Mediation analysis was performed to assess the influence of white matter integrity on the association of baPWV with MMSE. Results: Increased baPWV was significantly associated with lower mean global fractional anisotropy (β= –0.118, p < 0.001), higher mean diffusivity (β= 0.161, p < 0.001), axial diffusivity (β= 0.160, p < 0.001), and radial diffusivity (β= 0.147, p < 0.001) after adjustment of age, sex, and hypertension, which were measures having a direct effect on arterial stiffness and white matter integrity. After adjustment of age, sex, education, apolipoprotein E ɛ4, cardiovascular risk factors, and brain atrophy, we found an association of increased baPWV with worse performance on MMSE (β= –0.093, p = 0.011). White matter disruption partially mediated the effect of baPWV on MMSE. Conclusion: Arterial stiffness is associated with white matter disruption and cognitive decline. Reduced white matter integrity partially explained the effect of arterial stiffness on cognition.

Spatiotemporal distribution of white matter lesions in relapsing–remitting and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 1577-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas Filli ◽  
Louis Hofstetter ◽  
Pascal Kuster ◽  
Stefan Traud ◽  
Nicole Mueller-Lenke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Spatiotemporal Distribution ◽  
Centrum Semiovale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Lateral Ventricles ◽  
Relapsing Remitting ◽  
T1 And T2

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS lesions show a typical distribution pattern and primarily affect the white matter (WM) in the periventricular zone and in the centrum semiovale. Objective: To track lesion development during disease progression, we compared the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of lesions in relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Methods: We used T1 and T2 weighted MR images of 209 RRMS and 62 SPMS patients acquired on two different 1.5 Tesla MR scanners in two clinical centers followed up for 25 (± 1.7) months. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal differences in lesion distribution between RRMS and SPMS patients were analyzed with lesion probability maps (LPMs) and permutation-based inference. Results: MS lesions clustered around the lateral ventricles and in the centrum semiovale. Cross-sectionally, compared to RRMS patients, the SPMS patients showed a significantly higher regional probability of T1 hypointense lesions ( p≤0.03) in the callosal body, the corticospinal tract, and other tracts adjacent to the lateral ventricles, but not of T2 lesions (peak probabilities were RRMS: T1 9%, T2 18%; SPMS: T1 21%, T2 27%). No longitudinal changes of regional T1 and T2 lesion volumes between baseline and follow-up scan were found. Conclusion: The results suggest a particular vulnerability to neurodegeneration during disease progression in a number of WM tracts.

scholarly journals White matter integrity and cognition in Parkinson's disease: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e003976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eirik Auning ◽  
Veslemøy Krohn Kjærvik ◽  
Per Selnes ◽  
Dag Aarsland ◽  
Astrid Haram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Association of Age at Onset With Gray Matter Volume and White Matter Microstructural Abnormalities in People With Multiple Sclerosis

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012869
Author(s):  
Raffaello Bonacchi ◽  
Alessandro Meani ◽  
Elisabetta Pagani ◽  
Olga Marchesi ◽  
Andrea Falini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Matter Volume

Objective:To investigate whether age at onset influences brain gray matter volume (GMV) and white matter (WM) microstructural abnormalities in adult multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, given its influence on clinical phenotype and disease course.Method:In this hypothesis-driven cross-sectional study, we enrolled 67 pediatric-onset MS (POMS) patients and 143 sex- and disease duration (DD)-matched randomly-selected adult-onset MS (AOMS) patients, together with 208 healthy controls. All subjects underwent neurological evaluation and 3T MRI acquisition. MRI variables were standardized based on healthy controls, to remove effects of age and sex. Associations with DD in POMS and AOMS patients were studied with linear models. Time to reach clinical and MRI milestones was assessed with product-limit approach.Results:At DD=1 year, GMV and WM fractional anisotropy (FA) were abnormal in AOMS but not in POMS patients. Significant interaction of age at onset (POMS vs AOMS) into the association with DD was found for GMV and WM FA. The crossing point of regression lines in POMS and AOMS patients was at 20 years of DD for GMV and 14 for WM FA. For POMS and AOMS patients, median DD was 29 and 19 years to reach Expanded Disability Status Scale=3 (p<0.001), 31 and 26 years to reach abnormal Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task-3 (p=0.01), 24 and 18 years to reach abnormal GMV (p=0.04), and 19 and 17 years to reach abnormal WM FA (p=0.36).Conclusions:Younger patients are initially resilient to MS-related damage. Then, compensatory mechanisms start failing with loss of WM integrity, followed by GM atrophy and finally disability.

Longitudinal Association between White Matter Hyperintensities and White Matter Beta-Amyloid Deposition in Cognitively Unimpaired Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Liang Wang ◽  
Meng-Meng Yu ◽  
Wen-Bin Li ◽  
Yue-Hua Li
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Beta Amyloid ◽  
Standard Uptake Value ◽  
Amyloid Deposition ◽  
Cognitive Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Decline ◽  
Annual Increase ◽  
Longitudinal Association

Background: White matter (WM) beta-amyloid uptake has been used as a reference region to calculate the cortical standard uptake value ratio (SUVr). However, white matter hyperintensities (WMH) may have an influence on WM beta-amyloid uptake. Our study aimed to investigate the associations between WMH and WM beta-amyloid deposition in cognitively unimpaired elderly. Method: Data from 83 cognitively unimpaired individuals in the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimag- ing Initiative (ADNI) dataset were analyzed. All participants had complete baseline and four-year follow-up information about WMH volume, WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr, and cognitive function, includ- ing ADNI-Memory (ADNI-Mem) and ADNI-Executive function (ADNI-EF) scores. Cross-sectional and longitudinal linear regression analyses were used to determine the associations between WMH and WM SUVr and cognitive measures. Results: Lower WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr at baseline was associated with younger age (β=0.01, P=0.037) and larger WMH volume (β=-0.049, P=0.048). The longitudinal analysis found an annual increase in WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr was associated with an annual decrease in WMH volume (β=-0.016, P=0.041). An annual decrease in the ADNI-Mem score was associated with an annual increase in WMH volume (β=-0.070, P=0.001), an annual decrease in WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr (β=0.559, P=0.030), and fewer years of education (β=0.011, P=0.044). There was no significant as- sociation between WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr and ADNI-EF (P>0.05). Conclusions: Reduced beta-amyloid deposition in WM was associated with higher WMH load and memory decline in cognitively unimpaired elderly. WMH volume should be considered when WM 18F-AV-45 SUVr is used as a reference for evaluating cortical 18F-AV-45 SUVr.

scholarly journals The relationship between ambulatory blood pressure variability and enlarged perivascular spaces: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. e015719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuna Yang ◽  
Wei Qin ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Huimin Fan ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Spearman Correlation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesRecent studies reported that 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure variability (ABPV) was associated with lacunar infarction and white matter hyperintensities (WMH). However, the relationship between ABPV and enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) has not been investigated. Thus, our study aimed to investigate whether ABPV is associated with EPVS by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM).DesignWe conducted this study as a cross-sectional study.SettingsThe study was based on patients who presented for physical examinations in our hospital from May 2013 to June 2016.ParticipantsPatients with both brain MRI scans and 24-hour ABPM were included and patients with acute stroke, a history of severe stroke and some other severe diseases were excluded. A total of 573 Chinese patients were prospectively enrolled in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresEPVS in basal ganglia (BG) and white matter (WM) were identified on MRI and classified into three categories by the severity. WMH were scored by the Fazekas scale. Coefficient of variation (CV) and SD were considered as metrics of ABPV. Spearman correlation analysis and ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to assess the relationship between ABPV and EPVS.ResultsThere were statistical differences among the subgroups stratified by the severity of EPVS in BG in the following ABPV metrics: SD and CV of systolic blood pressure (SBP), CV of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in 24 hours, daytime and nighttime and SD of DBP in nighttime. The above ABPV metrics were positively associated with the degree of EPVS. The association was unchanged after adjusting for confounders. Spearman correlation analysis showed ABPV was not related to the degree of EPVS in the WM.ConclusionABPV was independently associated with EPVS in BG after controlling for blood pressure, but not in the WM. Pathogenesis of EPVS in BG and WM might be different.

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