scholarly journals MetamORF: A repository of unique short Open Reading Frames identified by both experimental and computational approaches for gene-level and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastien A. Choteau ◽  
Audrey Wagner ◽  
Philippe Pierre ◽  
Lionel Spinelli ◽  
Christine Brun
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Gene Transcript ◽  
Computational Approaches ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Database Content ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACTThe development of high-throughput technologies revealed the existence of non-canonical short open reading frames (sORFs) on most eukaryotic RNAs. They are ubiquitous genetic elements highly conserved across species and suspected to be involved in numerous cellular processes. MetamORF (http://metamorf.hb.univ-amu.fr/) aims to provide a repository of unique sORFs identified in the human and mouse genomes with both experimental and computational approaches. By gathering publicly available sORF data, normalizing it and summarizing redundant information, we were able to identify a total of 1,162,675 unique sORFs. Despite the usual characterization of ORFs as short, upstream or downstream, there is currently no clear consensus regarding the definition of these categories. Thus, the data has been reprocessed using a normalized nomenclature. MetamORF enables new analyses at loci, gene, transcript and ORF levels, that should offer the possibility to address new questions regarding sORF functions in the future. The repository is available through an user-friendly web interface, allowing easy browsing, visualization, filtering over multiple criteria and export possibilities. sORFs could be searched starting from a gene, a transcript, an ORF ID, or looking in a genome area. The database content has also been made available through track hubs at UCSC Genome Browser.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of a T4-like Phage, Escherichia Phage vB_EcoM-Sa45lw, Infecting Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (32) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yen-Te Liao ◽  
Yujie Zhang ◽  
Alexandra Salvador ◽  
Vivian C. H. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Genome Size ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Reading Frames

Escherichia phage vB_EcoM-Sa45lw, a new member of the T4-like phages, was isolated from surface water in a produce-growing area. The phage, containing double-stranded DNA with a genome size of 167,353 bp and 282 predicted open reading frames (ORFs), is able to infect generic Escherichia coli and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O45 and O157 strains.

scholarly journals Specificities of Eleven Different DNA Methyltransferases of Helicobacter pylori Strain 26695

2001 ◽  
Vol 183 (2) ◽  
pp. 443-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Vitkute ◽  
Kornelijus Stankevicius ◽  
Giedre Tamulaitiene ◽  
Zita Maneliene ◽  
Albertas Timinskas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Dna Methyltransferases ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Restriction Endonucleases ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Bacterial Genetic ◽  
Restriction Modification ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT Methyltransferases (MTases) of procaryotes affect general cellular processes such as mismatch repair, regulation of transcription, replication, and transposition, and in some cases may be essential for viability. As components of restriction-modification systems, they contribute to bacterial genetic diversity. The genome ofHelicobacter pylori strain 26695 contains 25 open reading frames encoding putative DNA MTases. To assess which MTase genes are active, strain 26695 genomic DNA was tested for cleavage by 147 restriction endonucleases; 24 were found that did not cleave this DNA. The specificities of 11 expressed MTases and the genes encoding them were identified from this restriction data, combined with the known sensitivities of restriction endonucleases to specific DNA modification, homology searches, gene cloning and genomic mapping of the methylated bases m4C, m5C, and m6A.

scholarly journals A Chemogenomic Screening of Sulfanilamide-Hypersensitive Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mutants Uncovers ABZ2, the Gene Encoding a Fungal Aminodeoxychorismate Lyase

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 2102-2111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Botet ◽  
Laura Mateos ◽  
José L. Revuelta ◽  
María A. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Founder Member ◽  
Yeast Genes ◽  
Vacuole Biogenesis ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT Large-scale phenotypic analyses have proved to be useful strategies in providing functional clues about the uncharacterized yeast genes. We used here a chemogenomic profiling of yeast deletion collections to identify the core of cellular processes challenged by treatment with the p-aminobenzoate/folate antimetabolite sulfanilamide. In addition to sulfanilamide-hypersensitive mutants whose deleted genes can be categorized into a number of groups, including one-carbon related metabolism, vacuole biogenesis and vesicular transport, DNA metabolic and cell cycle processes, and lipid and amino acid metabolism, two uncharacterized open reading frames (YHI9 and YMR289w) were also identified. A detailed characterization of YMR289w revealed that this gene was required for growth in media lacking p-aminobenzoic or folic acid and encoded a 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate lyase, which is the last of the three enzymatic activities required for p-aminobenzoic acid biosynthesis. In light of these results, YMR289w was designated ABZ2, in accordance with the accepted nomenclature. ABZ2 was able to rescue the p-aminobenzoate auxotrophy of an Escherichia coli pabC mutant, thus demonstrating that ABZ2 and pabC are functional homologues. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Abz2p is the founder member of a new group of fungal 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate lyases that have no significant homology to its bacterial or plant counterparts. Abz2p appeared to form homodimers and dimerization was indispensable for its catalytic activity.

scholarly journals TransCirc: an interactive database for translatable circular RNAs based on multi-omics evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (D1) ◽  
pp. D236-D242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendi Huang ◽  
Yunchao Ling ◽  
Sirui Zhang ◽  
Qiguang Xia ◽  
Ruifang Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Translation Initiation ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Data ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Entry Site ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Internal Ribosome Entry ◽  
Sequence Composition ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Reading Frames

Abstract TransCirc (https://www.biosino.org/transcirc/) is a specialized database that provide comprehensive evidences supporting the translation potential of circular RNAs (circRNAs). This database was generated by integrating various direct and indirect evidences to predict coding potential of each human circRNA and the putative translation products. Seven types of evidences for circRNA translation were included: (i) ribosome/polysome binding evidences supporting the occupancy of ribosomes onto circRNAs; (ii) experimentally mapped translation initiation sites on circRNAs; (iii) internal ribosome entry site on circRNAs; (iv) published N-6-methyladenosine modification data in circRNA that promote translation initiation; (v) lengths of the circRNA specific open reading frames; (vi) sequence composition scores from a machine learning prediction of all potential open reading frames; (vii) mass spectrometry data that directly support the circRNA encoded peptides across back-splice junctions. TransCirc provides a user-friendly searching/browsing interface and independent lines of evidences to predicte how likely a circRNA can be translated. In addition, several flexible tools have been developed to aid retrieval and analysis of the data. TransCirc can serve as an important resource for investigating the translation capacity of circRNAs and the potential circRNA-encoded peptides, and can be expanded to include new evidences or additional species in the future.

scholarly journals Complete Genome Sequence of Acinetobacter baumannii Phage BS46

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia V. Popova ◽  
Mikhail M. Shneider ◽  
Yulia V. Mikhailova ◽  
Andrey A. Shelenkov ◽  
Dmitry A. Shagin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Capsular Polysaccharides ◽  
Bacterial Host ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Double Stranded Dna ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT Acinetobacter myovirus BS46 was isolated from sewage by J. S. Soothill in 1991. We have sequenced the genome of BS46 and found it to be almost unique. BS46 contains double-stranded DNA with a genome size of 94,068 bp and 176 predicted open reading frames. The gene encoding the tailspike that presumably possesses depolymerase activity toward the capsular polysaccharides of the bacterial host was identified.

scholarly journals Regulation of transcription by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 14-3-3 proteins

2004 ◽  
Vol 382 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid BRUCKMANN ◽  
H. Yde STEENSMA ◽  
M. Joost TEIXEIRA de MATTOS ◽  
G. Paul H. van HEUSDEN
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Ergosterol Biosynthesis ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Transcription Analysis ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Reading Frames

14-3-3 proteins form a family of highly conserved eukaryotic proteins involved in a wide variety of cellular processes, including signalling, apoptosis, cell-cycle control and transcriptional regulation. More than 150 binding partners have been found for these proteins. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two genes encoding 14-3-3 proteins, BMH1 and BMH2. A bmh1 bmh2 double mutant is unviable in most laboratory strains. Previously, we constructed a temperature-sensitive bmh2 mutant and showed that mutations in RTG3 and SIN4, both encoding transcriptional regulators, can suppress the temperature-sensitive phenotype of this mutant, suggesting an inhibitory role of the 14-3-3 proteins in Rtg3-dependent transcription [van Heusden and Steensma (2001) Yeast 18, 1479–1491]. In the present paper, we report a genome-wide transcription analysis of a temperature-sensitive bmh2 mutant. Steady-state mRNA levels of 60 open reading frames were increased more than 2.0-fold in the bmh2 mutant, whereas those of 78 open reading frames were decreased more than 2.0-fold. In agreement with our genetic experiments, six genes known to be regulated by Rtg3 showed elevated mRNA levels in the mutant. In addition, several genes with other cellular functions, including those involved in gluconeogenesis, ergosterol biosynthesis and stress response, had altered mRNA levels in the mutant. Our data show that the yeast 14-3-3 proteins negatively regulate Rtg3-dependent transcription, stimulate the transcription of genes involved in ergosterol metabolism and in stress response and are involved in transcription regulation of multiple other genes.

scholarly journals Genome Sequence of JangDynasty, a Newly Isolated Mycobacteriophage

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Casey Jang ◽  
Nancy Kalaj ◽  
Brian Hwang ◽  
Lorelei Hughes ◽  
Connie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Genome Length ◽  
Content Type ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT JangDynasty is a bacteriophage that infects Mycobacterium smegmatis mc2155. It has a genome length of 70,883 bp, with 124 predicted open reading frames (ORFs), 42 of which have known functions. JangDynasty belongs to cluster O, and like other cluster O phages, it is a siphovirus with a prolate capsid.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of “ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” from Diaphorina citri in Guangdong, China

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Wu ◽  
Z. Zheng ◽  
X. Deng ◽  
Y. Cen ◽  
G. Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Diaphorina Citri ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Candidatus Liberibacter ◽  
Liberibacter Asiaticus ◽  
Reading Frames

The draft genome sequence of “ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” strain YCPsy from an Asian citrus psyllid ( Diaphorina citri ) in Guangdong, China, is reported here. The YCPsy strain has a genome size of 1,233,647 bp, 36.5% G+C content, 1,171 open reading frames (ORFs), and 53 RNAs.

scholarly journals Dimethylation of Histone H3 at Lysine 36 DemarcatesRegulatory and Nonregulatory ChromatinGenome-Wide

2005 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 9447-9459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhargavi Rao ◽  
Yoichiro Shibata ◽  
Brian D. Strahl ◽  
Jason D. Lieb
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Nucleosome Occupancy ◽  
Rna Polymerase Iii ◽  
Histone H3 ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Gene Transcript ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Rnap Ii ◽  
Reading Frames

ABSTRACT Set2p, which mediates histone H3 lysine 36 dimethylation (H3K36me2) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been shown to associate with RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) at individual loci. Here, chromatin immunoprecipitation-microarray experiments normalized to general nucleosome occupancy reveal that nucleosomes within open reading frames (ORFs) and downstream noncoding chromatin were highly dimethylated at H3K36 and that Set2p activity begins at a stereotypic distance from the initiation of transcription genome-wide. H3K36me2 is scarce in regions upstream of divergently transcribed genes, telomeres, silenced mating loci, and regions transcribed by RNA polymerase III, providing evidence that the enzymatic activity of Set2p is restricted to its association with RNAP II. The presence of H3K36me2 within ORFs correlated with the “on” or“ off” state of transcription, but the degree of H3K36 dimethylation within ORFs did not correlate with transcription frequency. This provides evidence that H3K36me2 is established during the initial instances of gene transcription, with subsequent transcription having at most a maintenance role. Accordingly, newly activated genes acquire H3K36me2 in a manner that does not correlate with gene transcript levels. Finally, nucleosomes dimethylated at H3K36 appear to be refractory to loss from highly transcribed chromatin. Thus, H3K36me2, which is highly conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution, provides a stable molecular mechanism for establishing chromatin context throughout the genome by distinguishing potential regulatory regions from transcribed chromatin.

Chargaff difference analysis of the bithorax complex of Drosophila melanogaster

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kha D Dang ◽  
Previn B Dutt ◽  
Donald R Forsdyke
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Bithorax Complex ◽  
Stem Loop ◽  
Difference Analysis ◽  
Template Strand ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Dna Strand ◽  
The Right ◽  
Reading Frames

Much of the fruit fly genome is compact ("Escherichia coli mode"), indicating a genome-wide selection pressure against DNA with little adaptive function. However, in the bithorax complex (BX-C) homeodomain genes are widely dispersed with large introns ("mammalian mode"). Chargaff difference analysis of compact bacterial and viral genomes has shown that most mRNAs have the potential to form stem-loop structures with purine-rich loops. Thus, for many taxa if transcription is to the right, the top (mRNA synonymous) DNA strand has purine-rich loop potential, and if transcription is to the left, the top (template) strand has pyrimidine-rich loop potential. The best indicator bases for transcription direction are A and T for AT-rich genomes, and C and G for CG-rich genomes. Consistent with this, Chargaff difference analysis of BX-C genes and several non-BX-C genes shows that, whatever the mode, mRNAs have the potential to form stem-loop structures with A-rich loops. We confirm that many potential open reading frames in the BX-C are unlikely to be functional. Conversely, we suggest that a few unassigned open reading frames may actually be functional. Since apparent organization in the mammalian mode cannot be explained in terms of unacknowledged open reading frames, yet the fruit fly genome is under pressure to be compact, it is likely that many BX-C functions do not involve the encoding of proteins.Key words: base ratios, base clusters, Chargaff's second parity rule, open reading frames, transcription direction, stem-loops.

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