scholarly journals Muscle strength is associated with COVID-19 hospitalization in adults 50 years of age and older

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Cheval ◽  
Stefan Sieber ◽  
Silvio Maltagliati ◽  
Grégoire P. Millet ◽  
Tomáš Formánek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Weak Muscle ◽  
Independent Association

AbstractBackgroundWeak muscle strength has been associated with a wide range of adverse health outcomes. Yet, whether individuals with weaker strength are more at risk for hospitalization due to severe COVID-19 is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the independent association between muscle strength and COVID-19 hospitalization.MethodsData from 3600 adults 50 years of age and older were analyzed using logistic models adjusted for several chronic conditions, body mass index, age, and sex. Hand grip strength was repeatedly measured between 2004 and 2017 using a handheld dynamometer. COVID-19 hospitalization during the lockdown was self-reported in summer 2020 and was used an indicator of COVID-19 severity.ResultsResults showed that higher grip strength was associated with a lower risk of COVID-19 hospitalization (adjusted odds ratio [OR] per increase of 1 SD in grip strength = .64, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] = .45–.87, p = .015). Results also showed that age (OR for a 10-year period = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.32–2.20, p < .001) and obesity (OR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.00– 3.69, p = .025) was associated with higher risk of COVID-19 hospitalization. Sensitivity analyses using different measures of grip strength as well as robustness analyses based on rare-events logistic regression and COVID-19 patients were consistent with the main results.ConclusionMuscle strength is an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity in adults 50 years of age and older.

Relationship Between Muscle Strength Asymmetry and Body Sway in Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Koda ◽  
Yoshihiro Kai ◽  
Shin Murata ◽  
Hironori Osugi ◽  
Kunihiko Anami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Gait Stability ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Strength Asymmetry ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle strength asymmetry and body sway while walking. We studied 63 older adult women. Strong side and weak side of knee extension strength, toe grip strength, hand grip strength, and body sway while walking were measured. The relationship between muscle strength asymmetry for each muscle and body sway while walking was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Regarding the muscles recognized to have significant correlation with body sway, the asymmetry cutoff value causing an increased sway was calculated. Toe grip strength asymmetry was significantly correlated with body sway. Toe grip strength asymmetry causing an increased body sway had a cutoff value of 23.5%. Our findings suggest toe grip strength asymmetry may be a target for improving gait stability.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Relationships between Menopause Onset Age and Bone Mineral Density and Muscle Strength in Women from South-Western Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jarosław Fugiel ◽  
Zofia Ignasiak ◽  
Anna Skrzek ◽  
Teresa Sławińska
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Onset Age ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Early Menopause ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Menopausal Women

Introduction. The onset of the menopause entails numerous changes, both physical and mental, in the functioning of the bodies of women. Moreover, the early menopause increases the risk of occurrence of many civilization-related diseases. Major factors contributing to health deficits include lowered bone mineral density and sarcopenia, which can result in serious functional limitations and the acceleration of ageing processes in the body. The aim of this study was to determine how the menopause onset age is linked with bone mineral density and the strength of selected muscles of the limbs and the trunk. Material and Methods. 756 women aged 50-80 years were subjected to tests. The subjects were divided into three groups: (I) from 50 to 59 years, (II) from 60 to 69 years, and (III) from 70 to 79 years. Each of the women specified the age when her final menstrual period occurred. On this basis, groups of women with (1) the early menopause—before the 50th year of life—and (2) with the late menopause—after the 50th year of life—were distinguished. Bone mineral density (BMD), dominant hand grip strength, knee extensor and flexor strength, and functional upper and lower body muscle strength were determined in each of the women. Results. The test results indicate differences in levels of muscle strength and BMD between the 50-year-old early- and late-menopausal women. The late-menopausal women score better motor ability test results and higher BMD values. The differences decrease in the groups of 60-year-old women, whereas the 70-year-old early- and late-menopausal women score similar results. Conclusions. A higher percentage of women with a lowered bone mass and a lower strength level was found in the group of early-menopausal subjects. The rate of decline in hand grip strength, the functional efficiency of the upper and lower limbs, and BMD is faster in the late-menopausal women, whereby the two groups of 70-year-old women score similar test results.

scholarly journals Measurement of Muscle Strength in Haemodialysis Patients by Pinch and Hand Grip Strength and Comparison to Lean Body Mass Measured by Multifrequency Bio-Electrical Impedance

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukie Omichi ◽  
Methavee Srivareerat ◽  
Kwanpeemai Panorchan ◽  
George H.B. Greenhall ◽  
Sanjana Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pinch Strength ◽  
Segmental Body ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Venous Fistula

Background: Muscle weakness is a risk factor for mortality in haemodialysis (HD) patients; we wished to determine whether measuring the composition of the arm with bioimpedance was associated with arm muscle strength. Methods: We measured pinch strength (PS) and hand grip strength (HGS) in 250 adult HD patients with corresponding post-dialysis multifrequency bioelectrical assessments with segmental body analysis. Results: Mean age 64.0 ± 15.6, 66% male and 45.6% diabetic. The maximum HGS in the dominant or non-fistula arm was 18.9 ± 9.2 kg and PS 4.09 ± 1.96 kg respectively, with a correlation of r = 0.80, p < 0.001. HGS was associated with body cell mass (β 0.37, p < 0.001) and PS with appendicular muscle mass (β 0.06, p < 0.001). Both HGS and PS were independently associated with the ratio of extracellular water (ECW) to total body water (TBW); β -139.5, p = 0.024, β -44.8, p < 0.001 in the arm. The presence of an arterio-venous fistula increased the ECW/TBW ratio in the arm from 0.383 ± 0.009 to 0.390 ± 0.012, p < 0.05. Conclusion: Muscle strength measured by HGS and PS was associated with both markers of whole body and segmental body composition within the arm, particularly ECW/TBW. Bioimpedance measurements and assessment of muscle strength should be measured in the non-fistula arm.

scholarly journals HAND GRIP STRENGTH ASSESSMENT IN A HOME-DELIVERED MEAL PROGRAM: FEASIBILITY AND PRELIMINARY FINDINGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S936-S936
Author(s):  
Heather L Hutchins-Wiese ◽  
and Sarah E Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Strength Assessment ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Maximum Grip Strength

Abstract Declining hand grip strength is associated with adverse health outcomes and is a relatively quick and easy-to-administer functional assessment; however, grip strength is not routinely assessed in home-delivered meal (HDM) programs. The purpose of this sub-study was to test if grip strength assessment is feasible and useful in a HDM population. Among HDM clients (n=258) who completed health assessments between 2016 and 2018, a voluntary convenience sample of 34 HDM clients (23 women, 11 men) participated in the grip strength assessment sub-study. Sub-study participants were younger (72.2+/-7.35 vs. 77.0+/-10.50 years), with no other significant differences compared to the full sample of HDM participants. The average maximum grip strength was 21.99+/-6.97 kg for the dominant hand; 16 clients were categorized as having normal, 6 intermediate, and 12 weak grip strength. Normative categories for grip strength vary by gender because men typically have higher grip strength measures than women. In this population, more men were categorized as having weak grip strength compared to women (X (2, 34) =11.44, p=.03). In men, hand grip strength tended to be lower in those who reported a fall in the previous 6 months compared to those who did not report a fall (20.8+/-7.01 vs 29.3+/-6.32, p=.079). The gender differences and 8 kg difference in grip strength relative to reported falls are clinically meaningful in this vulnerable population. Future research is needed with a larger sample of HDM clients to confirm these preliminary findings.

Vitamin D Status and Muscle Function Among Adolescent and Young Swimmers

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Rica Wium Geiker ◽  
Mette Hansen ◽  
Jette Jakobsen ◽  
Michael Kristensen ◽  
Rikke Larsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Elite Swimmers ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin

Impaired muscle function has been coupled to vitamin D insufficiency in young women and in elderly men and women. Those living at Northern latitudes are at risk for vitamin D insufficiency due to low sun exposure which may be more pronounced among elite swimmers because of their indoor training schedules. We aimed to examine vitamin D status among young elite swimmers and evaluate the association between vitamin D status and muscle strength. Twenty-nine swimmers, 12 female and 17 male (16–24 years) residing at latitude 55–56°N were studied in March and April. Blood samples were analyzed for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (s-25(OH)D) and hand-grip strength was measured as marker of muscle strength. Subjects´ vitamin D and calcium intake were assessed by food frequency questionnaire and sun exposure and training status by questionnaires. Mean (± SD) s-25(OH)D was 52.6 ± 18.3nmol/L among all swimmers. In 45% of the swimmers s-25(OH)D was below 50 nmol/L. Female swimmers had higher s-25(OH)D concentration than male swimmers (61.7 ± 17,5 nmol/L vs. 46.2 ± 16,5 nmol/L, p = .026). Among male swimmers, those with sufficient vitamin D status had higher hand grip strength than those with insufficient vitamin D status (50.6 ± 6.4 kg vs. 41.1 ± 7.8 kg, p = .02). Among Danish elite swimmers 45% had an insufficient vitamin D status during the spring; the prevalence being higher among male swimmers. Muscle strength was significantly higher in male swimmers with sufficient vitamin D status.

scholarly journals Reliability and Validity of the Ground Reaction Force Asymmetric Index at Seat-Off as a Measure of Lower Limb Functional Muscle Strength: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6527
Author(s):  
Ae-Ryoung Kim ◽  
Dougho Park ◽  
Yang-Soo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Intrarater Reliability ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Right

This study examined the reliability of the newly developed ground reaction force asymmetry index (GRF AI) at seat-off using a low-cost force plate and the validity of this new test by comparing it with other muscle strength-measuring methods and walking speed. This study was a cross-sectional design in general hospital setting. A convenience sample of 47 community-dwelling adults aged ≥40 years was performed. GRF AI is the measurement value obtained by shifting the weight to the right and left while performing sit-to-stand (STS). GRF AI assessed using GRF data at seat-off during an STS test with maximal weight shift to the right and left side and repeated 4 weeks later. Hip and knee extensor strength were measured using hand-held dynamometry; hand grip strength and walking speed were measured using a standardized method. Intrasessional intrarater reliability of the right and left side at Sessions 1 and 2 were high (intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC] = 0.947 and 0.974; 0.931 and 0.970, respectively). In addition, the intersessional intrarater reliability of a single test trial (ICC = 0.911 and 0.930) and the mean of three test trials (ICC = 0.965 and 0.979) was also high. There was a low correlation between right-side GRF AI and right hand grip strength (r = 0.268) and between left-side GRF AI and left hand grip strength (r = 0.316). No significant correlations were found between the GRF AI and other parameters. Although the reliability of the GRF AI was high, the validity was poor. To be clinically useful, this test should be further refined by modifying the test protocol.

scholarly journals Dietary intake, physical activity and muscle strength among adolescents: the Malaysian Health and Adolescents Longitudinal Research Team (MyHeART) study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e026275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Kah Ng ◽  
Noran Naqiah Hairi ◽  
Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin ◽  
Hazreen Abdul Majid
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Longitudinal Research ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Activity Score ◽  
Physical Activity Score ◽  
Hand Grip

ObjectiveTo examine the role of dietary intake and physical activity in muscle strength among adolescents.DesignCross-sectional analysis.SettingThe Malaysian Health and Adolescents Longitudinal Research Team (MyHeART) study.ParticipantsFifteen-year-old secondary school children who have given consent and who participated in the MyHeART study in 2014.Primary outcome measureMuscle strength was measured in relation to dietary intake (energy and macronutrients) and physical activity by using a hand grip dynamometer.ResultsAmong the 1012 participants (395 male; 617 female), the hand grip strength of the males was higher than that of the females (27.08 kg vs 18.63 kg; p<0.001). Also, males were more active (2.43vs2.12; p<0.001) and consumed a higher amount of energy (2047 kcal vs 1738 kcal; p<0.001), carbohydrate (280.71 g vs 229.31 g; p<0.001) and protein (1.46 g/kg body weight (BW) vs 1.35 g/kg BW; p<0.168). After controlling for ethnicity, place of residency and body mass index, there was a positive relationship between hand grip strength and the intake of energy (r=0.14; p=0.006), carbohydrate (r=0.153; p=0.002) and fat (r=0.124; p=0.014) and the physical activity score (r=0.170; p=0.001) and a negative relationship between hand grip strength and the intake of protein (r=−0.134; p=0.008), for males. However, this was not observed among females.ConclusionsEnergy, carbohydrate and fat intakes and physical activity score were positively correlated with hand grip strength while protein intake was negatively correlated with hand grip strength in males but not in females.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional associations among P3NP, HtrA, Hsp70, Apelin and sarcopenia in Taiwanese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yuei Chen ◽  
Yi-Lin Chiu ◽  
Tung-Wei Kao ◽  
Tao-Chun Peng ◽  
Hui-Fang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cutoff Point ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Skeletal Mass ◽  
Hand Grip

Abstract Background Sarcopenia is a multifactorial pathophysiologic condition of skeletal muscle mass and muscle strength associated with aging. However, biomarkers for predicting the occurrence of sarcopenia are rarely discussed in recent studies. The aim of the study was to elucidate the relationship between sarcopenia and several pertinent biomarkers. Methods Using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) profiles of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, the associations between mRNA expression of biomarkers and sarcopenia were explored, including high temperature requirement serine protease A1 (HtrA1), procollagen type III N-terminal peptide (P3NP), apelin, and heat shock proteins 70 (Hsp72). We enrolled 408 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older with sarcopenia and nonsarcopenia based on the algorithm proposed by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Muscle strength is identified by hand grip strength using an analogue isometric dynamometer. Muscle mass is estimated by skeletal mass index (SMI) using a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Physical performance is measured by gait speed using 6 m walking distance. The associations between these biomarkers and sarcopenia were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and multivariate regression models. Results From the GEO profiles, the sarcopenia gene set variation analysis score was correlated significantly with the mRNA expression of APLNR (p < 0.001) and HSPA2 (p < 0.001). In our study, apelin was significantly associated with decreased hand grip strength with β values of − 0.137 (95%CI: − 0.229, − 0.046) in men. P3NP and HtrA1 were significantly associated with increased SMI with β values of 0.081 (95%CI: 0.010, 0.153) and 0.005 (95%CI: 0.001, 0.009) in men, respectively. Apelin and HtrA1 were inversely associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.543 (95%CI: 0.397–0.743) and 0.003 (95%CI: 0.001–0.890) after full adjustment. The cutoff point of HtrA1 was associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.254 (95%CI: 0.083–0.778) in men. The cutoff point of apelin was negatively associated with the presence of sarcopenia with an OR of 0.254 (95%CI: 0.083–0.778). Conclusion Our study highlights that P3NP, HtrA, and apelin are useful for diagnosis of sarcopenia in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Association of Water Intake with Hand Grip Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1756
Author(s):  
Hyeonmok Kim ◽  
Sun Hee Beom ◽  
Tae Ho Kim ◽  
Beom-Jun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Difference

Although recent clinical studies have suggested that water intake enhances muscle mass, its impact on muscle strength remain unclear, especially in older adults. This cross-sectional, population-based study using a representative sample of Koreans investigated the relationship of water intake with hand grip strength (HGS) in 4443 older adults, including 2090 men aged ≥50 years and 2253 postmenopausal women. A digital grip strength dynamometer was used for HGS assessment. Low muscle strength was defined by the Korean-specific HGS cut-off value and adequate water intake was defined according to the Korean dietary reference intakes. In an unadjusted model, water intake was significantly higher in men and women without than with low muscle strength (both p < 0.001), but this difference disappeared after adjustment for confounding variables in both men (p = 0.050) and women (p = 0.245). Similarly, the correlation between water intake and HGS, the difference in HGS depending on adequate water intake status, and the risk of low muscle strength depending on water intake quartile were significant only in the unadjusted model. These data indicate that factors such as age, body size, and resistance exercise contribute to improvements in HGS in older adults, whereas water intake may not.

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