scholarly journals Genomic insights into variation in thermotolerance between hybridizing swordtail fishes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheyenne Payne ◽  
Stephen Bovio ◽  
Dan Powell ◽  
Theresa Gunn ◽  
Shreya Banerjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Adaptive Introgression ◽  
The Face ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Locus Mapping ◽  
The Impact

Understanding how organisms adapt to changing environments is a core focus of research in evolutionary biology. One common mechanism is adaptive introgression, which has received increasing attention as a potential route to rapid adaptation in populations struggling in the face of ecological change, particularly global climate change. However, hybridization can also result in deleterious genetic interactions that may limit the benefits of adaptive introgression. Here, we used a combination of genome-wide quantitative trait locus mapping and differential gene expression analyses between the swordtail fish species Xiphophorus malinche and X. birchmanni to study the consequences of hybridization on thermotolerance. While these two species are adapted to different thermal environments, we document a complicated architecture of thermotolerance in hybrids. We identify a region of the genome that contributes to reduced thermotolerance in individuals heterozygous for X. malinche and X. birchmanni ancestry, as well as widespread misexpression in hybrids of genes that respond to thermal stress in the parental species, particularly in the circadian clock pathway. We also show that a previously mapped hybrid incompatibility between X. malinche and X. birchmanni contributes to reduced thermotolerance in hybrids. Together, our results highlight the challenges of understanding the impact of hybridization on complex ecological traits and its potential impact on adaptive introgression.

scholarly journals Characterization of introgression from the teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana to Mexican highland maize

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Gonzalez-Segovia ◽  
Sergio Pérez-Limon ◽  
G. Carolina Cíntora-Martínez ◽  
Alejandro Guerrero-Zavala ◽  
Garrett M. Janzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Highland Maize ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Locus Mapping ◽  
The Impact

Background The spread of maize cultivation to the highlands of central Mexico was accompanied by substantial introgression from the endemic wild teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana, prompting the hypothesis that the transfer of beneficial variation facilitated local adaptation. Methods We used whole-genome sequence data to map regions of Zea mays ssp. mexicana introgression in three Mexican highland maize individuals. We generated a genetic linkage map and performed Quantitative Trait Locus mapping in an F2 population derived from a cross between lowland and highland maize individuals. Results Introgression regions ranged in size from several hundred base pairs to Megabase-scale events. Gene density within introgression regions was comparable to the genome as a whole, and over 1,000 annotated genes were located within introgression events. Quantitative Trait Locus mapping identified a small number of loci linked to traits characteristic of Mexican highland maize. Discussion Although there was no strong evidence to associate quantitative trait loci with regions of introgression, we nonetheless identified many Mexican highland alleles of introgressed origin that carry potentially functional sequence variants. The impact of introgression on stress tolerance and yield in the highland environment remains to be fully characterized.

scholarly journals Characterization of introgression from the teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana to Mexican highland maize

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Gonzalez-Segovia ◽  
Sergio Pérez-Limon ◽  
Carolina Cíntora-Martínez ◽  
Alejandro Guerrero-Zavala ◽  
Garrett Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Highland Maize ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Locus Mapping ◽  
The Impact

Background. The spread of maize cultivation to the highlands of central Mexico was accompanied by substantial introgression from the endemic wild teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana, prompting the hypothesis that the transfer of beneficial variation facilitated local adaptation. Methods. We used novel whole-genome sequence data to map regions of Zea mays ssp. mexicana introgression in three Mexican highland maize individuals. We generated a genetic linkage map and performed Quantitative Trait Locus mapping in an F2 population derived from a cross between lowland and highland maize individuals. Results. Introgression regions ranged in size from several hundred base pairs to Megabase-scale events. Gene density within introgression regions was comparable to the genome as a whole, and over one thousand annotated genes were located within introgression events. Quantitative Trait Locus mapping identified a small number of loci linked to traits characteristic of Mexican highland maize. Discussion. Although there was no strong evidence to associate quantitative trait loci with regions of introgression, we nonetheless identified many Mexican highland alleles of introgressed origin that carry potentially functional sequence variants. The impact of introgression on stress tolerance and yield in the highland environment remains to be fully characterized.

scholarly journals Characterization of introgression from the teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana to Mexican highland maize

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Gonzalez-Segovia ◽  
Sergio Pérez-Limon ◽  
Carolina Cíntora-Martínez ◽  
Alejandro Guerrero-Zavala ◽  
Garrett Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Whole Genome Sequence ◽  
Highland Maize ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Locus Mapping ◽  
The Impact

Background. The spread of maize cultivation to the highlands of central Mexico was accompanied by substantial introgression from the endemic wild teosinte Zea mays ssp. mexicana, prompting the hypothesis that the transfer of beneficial variation facilitated local adaptation. Methods. We used novel whole-genome sequence data to map regions of Zea mays ssp. mexicana introgression in three Mexican highland maize individuals. We generated a genetic linkage map and performed Quantitative Trait Locus mapping in an F2 population derived from a cross between lowland and highland maize individuals. Results. Introgression regions ranged in size from several hundred base pairs to Megabase-scale events. Gene density within introgression regions was comparable to the genome as a whole, and over one thousand annotated genes were located within introgression events. Quantitative Trait Locus mapping identified a small number of loci linked to traits characteristic of Mexican highland maize. Discussion. Although there was no strong evidence to associate quantitative trait loci with regions of introgression, we nonetheless identified many Mexican highland alleles of introgressed origin that carry potentially functional sequence variants. The impact of introgression on stress tolerance and yield in the highland environment remains to be fully characterized.

7. Lakes and us

2018 ◽  
pp. 109-130
Author(s):  
Warwick F. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
System Level ◽  
Lake Ecosystem ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
The Face ◽  
Dam Building ◽  
Water Plants ◽  
The Impact

Humans are not only part of the lake ecosystem through activities including lake shore development and transportation of goods and people, but we can also do great damage to a lake and its ability to provide essential services. ‘Lakes and us’ considers the impact of dam-building and the threats facing lakes due to the proliferation of algae and water plants caused by eutrophication and toxins formed by cyanobacterial blooms. It asks whether a eutrophic ‘dead lake’ can be restored to its original, near-pristine condition; and concludes that an integrated, system-level perspective on lakes is now vital in managing the world’s freshwater resources in the face of rapid, global, climate change.

scholarly journals Strategic Planning For The Development Of Ukrainian Agriculture In The Face Of Climate Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Anna Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Global Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

The essence of the “strategic planning” is explored and the peculiarities of strategic planning in the agricultural sector are defined. Global climate change as a factor stimulating the formation of new approaches to strategic planning of agricultural development is considered, and the impact of climate change on the agricultural sector of Ukraine is evaluated. A predictive model of changes in the parameters of agricultural production under expected climate change conditions is constructed, and organizational, socio-economical and environmental components of the strategy of agricultural development are outlined and the conceptual bases for improvement of strategic planning for the development of the agricultural sector in the face of climate change are substantiated.

scholarly journals Quantitative trait locus mapping identifies candidate alleles involved in adaptive introgression and range expansion in a wild sunflower

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
pp. 2194-2211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Whitney ◽  
Karl W. Broman ◽  
Nolan C. Kane ◽  
Stephen M. Hovick ◽  
Rebecca A. Randell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Locus ◽  
Range Expansion ◽  
Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Wild Sunflower ◽  
Adaptive Introgression ◽  
Trait Locus ◽  
Locus Mapping

Particularities of the independent auditor's report on reliability of accounting (financial) statements for 2019: COVID-19 as qualitatively essential information (Part 2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-799
Author(s):  
O.I. Shvyreva ◽  
Z.I. Kruglyak ◽  
A.V. Petukh
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Risk Disclosure ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Logical Method ◽  
Annual Reporting ◽  
The Face ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article discusses the issues related to the practice of financial reporting in the face of uncertainties caused by the coronavirus contagion, as well as the specifics of the audit strategy and formation of an audit opinion on this reporting. Objectives. The article aims to identify the quality characteristics of financial reporting prepared in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and justify the key aspects of assurance engagement completion in an extremely uncertain epidemiological and economic situation. Methods. For the study, we used an abstract-logical method, content analysis techniques, systematization, and classification. Results. Analyzing the impact of the extremely uncertain epidemiological and economic situation on financial statements, the article clarifies aspects of disclosure of events after the reporting date and threats to business continuity in the annual reporting of economic entities. The article identifies possible alternative procedures and algorithms to obtain proper evidence when it is insufficient in the face of the inability to meet certain audit standards requirements in a remote audit environment. The article defines the impact of COVID-19 risk disclosure on the structure of the audit report and opinion. Relevance. The results of the study can be used in the practical activities of economic entities that prepare financial statements in the face of significant uncertainty, as well as auditors and audit organizations.

Safe development of business and national economy in the face of a pandemic and global recession

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1182-1198
Author(s):  
I.V. Vyakina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
Graphical Visualization ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Business Support ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Visualization Techniques ◽  
The Impact

Subject. This article deals with the issues related to the national economic security of the State in today's conditions. Objectives. The article aims to develop a set of special measures for additional business support to reduce the impact of restrictions imposed against the background of quarantine and the pandemic spread, and which would help prevent collapse of business entities. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of theoretical, systems, logical, and comparative analyses, and tabular and graphical visualization techniques. Results. The article proposes possible measures to support business aimed at reducing the costs of business entities due to the restrictions caused by the pandemic, that complement and explain the activities proposed by the President and Government of the Russian Federation, taking into account the regional and municipal levels. Conclusions. The uncertain current situation requires constant adjustment and adaptation of public policy in accordance with specific circumstances. Ensuring the country's economic security and sustainability associates with creation of a business organization system that connects public administration tools and business support and development opportunities under the changed environment.

The Impact of Terrorism on Construction Industry in Iraq

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-84
Author(s):  
Wadhah Amer Hatem ◽  
Samiaah M. Hassen Al-Tmeemy
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Statistical Procedures ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Suicide Attacks ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

     Suicide attacks, bombings, explosions became the part of daily life in Iraq. Consequently, the threat of terrorism put the Iraqi construction sector in the face of unique and unusual challenges that not seen on other countries. These challenges can have extensive impact on construction projects. This paper seeks to examine the impact of the terrorist attacks on construction industry and determine the extent to which the impact of terrorism on construction projects in terms of cost, schedule, and quality. This study adapted quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data using questionnaire survey and interviews, as well as historical data. The study focused on projects that have been the target of terrorist strikes in Diyala governorate. A variety of statistical procedures were employed in data analysis. The results revealed the extent to which terrorist attacks impact construction projects in terms of cost, time, and quality. The results of this study will enhance the awareness of all construction parties to the impact of the terrorist attacks against construction projects. Eventually, this can develop a risk management assessment and assist contractors to properly protect projects and buildings to minimize injuries and fatalities in the event of terrorism.

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