Longitudinal Changes of Cardiac and Aortic Imaging Phenotypes Following COVID-19 in the UK Biobank Cohort

Case studies conducted after recovery from acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 have frequently identified abnormalities on CMR imaging, suggesting the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 infection commonly leads to cardiac pathology. However, these observations have not been able to distinguish between associations that reflect pre-existing cardiac abnormalities (that might confer a greater likelihood of more severe infection) from those that arise as consequences of infection. To address this question, UK Biobank volunteers (n=1285; 54.5% women; mean age at baseline, 59.8 years old; 96.3% white) who attended an imaging assessment including cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) before the start of the COVID-19 pandemic were invited to attend a second imaging assessment in 2021. Cases with evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified through linkage to PCR-testing or other medical records, or a positive antibody lateral flow test; n=640 in data available on 22 Sep 2021) and were matched to controls with no evidence of previous infection (n=645). The majority of these infections were milder and did not involve hospitalisation. Measures of cardiac and aortic structure and function were derived from the CMR images obtained on the cases before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection from images for the controls obtained over the same time interval using a previously validated, automated algorithm. Cases and controls had similar cardiac and aortic imaging phenotypes at their first imaging assessment. Changes between CMR imaging measures in cases before and after infection were not significantly different from those in the matched control group. Additional adjustment for comorbidities made no material difference to the results. While these results are preliminary and limited to imaging metrics derived from automated analyses, they do not suggest clinically significant persistent cardiac pathology in the UK Biobank population after generally milder (non-hospitalised) SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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THE GASTROINTESTINAL EFFECTS OF IRON-DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.33.1.83 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 83-99

Author(s):

J. L. Naiman ◽

F. A. Oski ◽

L. K. Diamond ◽

G. F. Vawter ◽

H. Shwachman

Keyword(s):

Iron Deficiency ◽

Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽

Deficiency Anemia ◽

Control Group ◽

Poor Correlation ◽

Iron Treatment ◽

High Incidence ◽

Before And After ◽

And Function ◽

Duodenal Biopsies

A group of 14 infants and children with nutritional iron-deficiency anemia were studied with respect to gastrointestinal function and structure both before and after iron treatment. A high incidence of abnormalities was found, consisting of gastric achlorhydria, impaired absorption of xylose and vitamin A, and steatorrhea. Duodenal biopsies revealed varying degrees of chronic duodenitis and mucosal atrophy. There was poor correlation between structure and function. Following treatment with oral iron most of the abnormalities reverted to normal. A control group of 8 children with long-standing anemias not due to iron deficiency were subjected to similar studies, most of which yielded normal results. These observations indicate a diffuse and reversible enteropathy in children as a result of iron deficiency. The pathogenesis and practical implications are discussed.

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The impact of cardiovascular risk factors on cardiac structure and function: Insights from the UK Biobank imaging enhancement study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0185114 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. e0185114 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Steffen E. Petersen ◽

Mihir M. Sanghvi ◽

Nay Aung ◽

Jackie A. Cooper ◽

José Miguel Paiva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽

Structure And Function ◽

Cardiac Structure ◽

Uk Biobank ◽

Cardiac Structure And Function ◽

The Uk ◽

And Function ◽

The Impact

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The Effect of Manual Therapy and Stabilizing Exercises on Forward Head and Rounded Shoulder Postures: a six-week intervention with a one-month follow-up study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.9657 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Kiana Fatholahnezhad ◽

Amir Letafatkar ◽

Malihe Hadadnezhad

Keyword(s):

Neck Pain ◽

Manual Therapy ◽

Combined Treatment ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Before And After ◽

Group 2 ◽

And Function ◽

Group 1

BACKGROUND forward head and round shoulder posture is believed to alter scapular kinematics and muscle activity placing increased stress on the shoulder, leading to shoulder pain and dysfunction. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-week combined treatment consisting of manual therapy and stabilizing exercises, with a one-month follow-up, on neck pain with forward head and rounded shoulder postures. METHODS A total of 60 women aged 32-42 years of age with neck pain, and forward head and rounded shoulder postures were randomized into three groups: group 1 performed stabilizing exercises and received manual therapy (n=20), group 2 performed stabilizing exercises (n=20), and group 3 (control group) performed home exercises (n=20) over six weeks.The follow-up time was one month after the post test. The craniocervical and rounded shoulder angles, pain, and function were measured before and after six-week interventions, and a one-month follow- up. RESULTS The results showed significant positive changes within the experimental groupsin all variables, but there were minor changes in the control group in all variables before and after the intervention. Also, there were significant function and pain improvement in the experimental group 1 comparing to group 2. There were no differences between post intervention and one-month follow-up on posture and function in the experimental groups. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that both interventions were significantly effective for reducing neck pain, and improving function and posture in patients with chronic neck pain, and forward head and rounded shoulder postures. However, the improvement in function and pain was more effective in group 1 than those of group 2 suggesting that manual therapy can be used as a supplement method to the stabilizing intervention in the treatment of neck pain. More research is needed to confirm the result of this study.

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Treatment of Contained Herniated Lumbar Discs with Ozone and Corticosteroid: A Pilot Clinical Study

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal ◽

10.1016/j.carj.2015.01.003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 377-384 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kieran Murphy ◽

Mario Muto ◽

Jim Steppan ◽

Thomas Meaders ◽

Chett Boxley

Keyword(s):

Adverse Events ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Ozone Treatment ◽

Sufficient Evidence ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Before And After ◽

Pilot Clinical Study ◽

And Function ◽

Herniated Discs

Purpose The primary objective of this pilot study was to compare pain and function scores from patients before and after an ozone injection in combination with steroids and bupivacaine to treat herniated discs. A secondary objective was to correct some of the methodological weaknesses of some previously published ozone studies. Methods Fifty patients were enrolled; 1-3 mL of 2 wt% ozone in 98 wt% oxygen was delivered into the nucleus pulposus, and 7-9 mL into the adjacent paravertebral tissues. The oxygen/ozone treatment was followed by a periganglionic injection of corticosteroid and bupivacaine. All patients were evaluated 1 month after the treatment to quantify improvement in pain and function, and to monitor for potential adverse events. Results Forty-four patients had intradiscal injections and were included in the analysis. After 1 treatment, 75.0% showed significant improvement in pain based on the visual analog scale (improvement >1.8), 72.7% showed significant improvement in function based on the Oswestry disability index (improvement >15%), and 79.5% showed improvement based on the modified MacNab criteria. There were no adverse events associated with the treatment. Conclusions Patients showed significant improvement in pain and function after receiving ozone injections in combination with steroids and bupivacaine for the treatment of herniated discs. Because of the lack of a control group and short follow-up times, conclusions about the safety and efficacy of ozone injections for the treatment of herniated discs are not warranted. However, the results provide sufficient evidence that the risk and expense of an additional randomized controlled study is merited.

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The Effect of Cold Compress on Pain Intensity in Fractured Patients at RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan

Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman ◽

10.20884/1.jks.2021.16.2.1692 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Citra Amelia Lubis ◽

Dudut Dudut Tanjung ◽

Asrizal Asrizal Asrizal

Keyword(s):

Pain Intensity ◽

T Test ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Nursing Interventions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Equivalent Control ◽

And Function

<em><span lang="EN-US">Fracture occurs due to the damage of the shape and function of the bone, and the fractured patients generally experience pain. One of the interventions to reduce pain intensity in fracture patients is cold compress. This study aims to identify the effectiveness of cold compress on pain intensity in fracture patients in H. Adam Malik Hospital Medan. This is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental design approach with an equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The number of samples is 70 respondents consisting of 35 people for each intervention and control group, respectively, which was collated by consecutive sampling. Data analysis used paired t-test and independent t-test. The results showed that there was a significant influence before and after cold compress intervention on pain intensity (p value 0.001 (p = <0.05)). There is a significant difference between the intervention with cold compresses and the hospital standard intervention on pain intensity in fracture patients (p value 0.001 (p = <0.05)). It can be concluded that cold compress has a significant effect on the pain intensity in fracture patients. Cold compress is one of the nursing interventions that can help to reduce the intensity of fracture pain.</span></em>

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Variants in ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes are not major determinants of COVID-19 severity in UK Biobank subjects

10.1101/2020.05.01.20085860 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

David Curtis

Keyword(s):

Rare Variants ◽

Sequence Data ◽

Severe Disease ◽

Major Effect ◽

Uk Biobank ◽

Exome Sequence Data ◽

Dna Sequence Variants ◽

The Uk ◽

And Function ◽

Exome Sequence

AbstractIt is plausible that variants in the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 genes might contribute to variation in COVID-19 severity and that these could explain why some people become very unwell whereas most do not. Exome sequence data was obtained for 49,953 UK Biobank subjects of whom 74 had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and could be presumed to have severe disease. A weighted burden analysis was carried out using SCOREASSOC to determine whether there were differences between these cases and the other sequenced subjects in the overall burden of rare, damaging variants in ACE2 or TMPRSS2. There were no statistically significant differences in weighted burden scores between cases and controls for either gene. There were no individual DNA sequence variants with a markedly different frequency between cases and controls. Whether there are small effects on severity, or whether there might be rare variants with major effect sizes, would require studies in much larger samples. Genetic variants affecting the structure and function of the ACE2 and TMPRSS2 proteins are not a major determinant of whether infection with SARS-CoV-2 results in severe symptoms. This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank Resource.

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Restoration of the support function of the lower limbs in children with coxarthrosis after bilateral total hip arthroplasty (Biomechanical research)

Pediatric Traumatology Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery ◽

10.17816/ptors7143-50 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 43-50

Author(s):

Igor E. Nikityuk ◽

Elizaveta L. Kononova ◽

Vladimir E. Baskov ◽

Khisrav D. Imomov

Keyword(s):

Total Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Hip Arthroplasty ◽

Support Function ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

The Body ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Control Group ◽

Time Interval ◽

Total Hip ◽

Before And After

Background. Deforming arthrosis of the hip joint in children leads to serious disorders of the walking biomechanics due to a decrease in the support and motor functions of the lower limbs. In patients with stage III coxarthrosis, when the potential of reconstructive surgeries has been exhausted, a total hip arthroplasty is performed. Objective. To study the biomechanical parameters of support ability of the lower limbs in children with bilateral coxarthrosis before and after bilateral total hip arthroplasty. Material and methods. Stabilometric and plantographic studies were conducted in 12 patients with bilateral coxarthrosis, aged from 13 to 17 years old, before and after hip arthroplasty. The time interval between operations on the contralateral joints ranged from 6 to 12 months. The control group consisted of 15 children of the same age, with no signs of orthopedic disorders. Results. Before carrying out hip arthroplasty in patients, the tension of the statokinetic system was revealed during the implementation of support for the vertical balance of the body. The plantography method made it possible to diagnose disorders of the support function of the feet in the form of supination rigidity of the anterior section, a tendency toward rigidity of the internal longitudinal arch. After bilateral total hip arthroplasty in patients, the stability of the vertical posture improved, the support ability of the heads of the 1st metatarsal bones was significantly restored, and the weight-bearing distribution across the foot sections was normalized. Conclusion. After bilateral hip arthroplasty in patients with coxarthrosis, stabilization of the support function of the postoperative lower limbs was achieved.

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Resting-State Network Analysis of Suicide Attempt History in the UK Biobank

10.1101/2022.01.04.474947 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew F Thompson ◽

Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway ◽

Mikela A. Murphy ◽

Kanchana U. Perera ◽

Chelsie Benca-Bachman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Suicide Attempt ◽

Resting State ◽

Suicide Risk ◽

Future Research ◽

Control Group ◽

Large Sample Size ◽

Uk Biobank ◽

Resting State Network ◽

The Uk

Background: Prior research has identified altered brain structure and function in individuals at risk for self-directed violence thoughts and behaviors. However, these studies have largely utilized healthy controls and findings have been inconsistent. Thus, this study examined differences in resting-state functional network connectivity among individuals with lifetime suicide attempt(s) versus lifetime self-directed violence thoughts alone. Methods: Using data from the UK Biobank, this study utilized a series of linear regressions to compare individuals with lifetime suicide attempt(s) (n = 566) versus lifetime self-directed violence thoughts alone (n = 3,447) on within- and between- network resting-state functional connectivity subnetworks. Results: There were no significant between-group differences for between-network, within-network, or whole-brain functional connectivity after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, and body mass index and performing statistical corrections for multiple comparisons. Conclusions: Resting-state network measures may not differentiate between individuals with lifetime suicide attempt(s) and lifetime self-directed violence thoughts alone. Null findings diverge from results reported in smaller neuroimaging studies of suicide risk, but are consistent with null findings in other large-scale studies and meta-analyses. Strengths of the study include its large sample size and stringent control group. Future research on a wider array of imaging, genetic, and psychosocial risk factors can clarify relative contributions of individual and combined variables to suicide risk and inform scientific understanding of ideation-to-action framework.

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