Anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective activity of Viphyllin a standardized extract of β-caryophyllene from black pepper (Piper Nigrum L) and its associated mechanisms in mouse macrophage cells and Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells

Oxidative stress breeds various chronic lifestyle ailments including inflammatory conditions and neurodegenerative diseases. β-caryophyllene natural bicyclic sesquiterpene, obtained from various plants sources found to be effective against inflammation and neuroprotection. In this study, we have evaluated the protective effect of Viphyllin, a standardized extract of β-caryophyllene from black pepper against inflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide in RAW264.7 macrophage cells and mechanisms involved in hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 )- challenged oxidative stress in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Viphyllin demonstrated the anti-inflammatory activity by subsiding the release of the pro-inflammatory intermediaries like NO, cytokines, interleukins, and protein expression levels of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In addition, Viphyllin suppressed the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation. On the other hand, Viphyllin showed neuroprotective effect against neuronal oxidative damage caused by H 2 O 2. Viphyllin lessened the expression B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), B-cell lymphoma-2-associated X protein (BAX), cleaved caspase-9, and PARP-1 proteins associated with apoptosis. Our results indicate that Viphyllin ameliorated LPS-mediated inflammation in macrophages by regulating inflammation and Viphyllin exerted remarkable anti apoptotic effect against neuronal damage challenged by H 2 O 2 . Altogether, Viphyllin could be potential functional food ingredient for inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.

Download Full-text

A Study of the Expression of the LMP1 Oncoprotein in Low-Grade B Cell Lymphomas and Correlation with the Levels of Oxidative Stress

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v120.21.4833.4833 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 120 (21) ◽

pp. 4833-4833

Author(s):

Panagiotis Theodorou Diamantopoulos ◽

Vasiliki Papadopoulou ◽

Aikaterini Polonyfi ◽

Athanasios G. Galanopoulos ◽

Fani Kalala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

B Cell ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Low Grade ◽

B Cell Lymphomas ◽

Ebv Infection ◽

Lmp1 Expression ◽

Apoptotic Pathways

Abstract Abstract 4833 Introduction. The Epstein-Barr virus has been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain human B-cell neoplasms, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease and post-transplant lympho-proliferative disorders. Persistent latent EBV infection is, however, frequent and therefore its role is of interest in all types of B cell malignancies. In low-grade B cell lymphomas there are few reports for its potential role in higher grade transformation and its association with stereotypic BCRs in CLL. The mechanisms of EBV-associated B cell transformation are probably associated with its proteins expressed during latency; one of the most studied is the LMP1 oncoprotein, which is considered as an anti-apoptotic factor (activator of NF-êB). Recent studies, however, show evidence of coexisting apoptotic properties of LMP1. The level of oxidative stress reflects activation of caspase-mediated apoptotic pathways. Aims and methods. We measured the levels of oxidative stress in low-grade B cell lymphoma patient samples and correlated them with the expression of the LMP1 oncoprotein in order to study apoptotic functions of LMP1. Whole blood samples from 48 patients aged 51–87 (median age 74 years, 25 males, 23 females) without treatment in the previous six months were examined (chronic lymphocytic leukemia: 27, marginal zone lymphoma: 12, mantle cell lymphoma: 4, hairy cell leukemia: 2, follicular lymphoma: 2, lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma: 1). Latent EBV infection was detected with RT-PCR for the viral BXLF1 gene. LMP1 expression was quantitated with Real-Time PCR in EBV-positive patients. The levels of oxidative stress were quantitated in the sera of all patients with the use of a peroxide measuring kit (PerOx TOS/TOC kit by Immundiagnostik) and compared between the LMP1-positive (13) and LMP1-negative (35) group of patients with the use of 2-tailed Mann-Whitney test. Results. Of the fourty-eight (48) patients tested, nineteen (19) were EBV-positive. Thirteen (13) of the nineteen (19) EBV-positive ones expressed LMP1. Oxidative stress was found to be significantly higher in LMP1-negative vs LMP1-positive patients (372.3 vs 261.4 micromol/L, p=0.014). Discussion. The role of LMP1 expression is under investigation in the non EBV-related low grade B cell lymphomas. In the present study we examined a potential effect of LMP1 expression on oxidative stress and found that levels of oxidative stress were lower in LMP1-positive vs LMP1-negative patients with low-grade B cell lymphomas, reflecting an anti-apoptotic function of LMP1. In accordance with this result, LMP1 has been shown to upregulate BCL-2 using the NF-êB pathway. BCL-2 is a major inhibitor of the initiation of caspase-related apoptotic pathways and BCL-2 upregulation inhibits apoptosis resulting in lower levels of oxidative stress. However, in a study of sixty-four patients with low grade B cell lymphomas, we recently showed that LMP1 expression increases the levels of the apoptotic marker survivin, confirming that LMP1 may also possess an apoptotic function, as has been shown by another recent study on cell lines. Conclusion. The lower oxidative stress in the LMP1-expressing low grade B cell lymphoma samples shows evidence of an apoptotic function of the oncoprotein in this group of diseases. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Download Full-text

Clinical significance of oxidative stress for untreated patients with diffuse large B‑cell lymphoma

Molecular and Clinical Oncology ◽

10.3892/mco.2021.2437 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hiroshi Nakamura ◽

Takeshi Hara ◽

Ryoko Mabuchi ◽

Takuro Matsumoto ◽

Nobuhiko Nakamura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

B Cell ◽

Clinical Significance ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Large B Cell

Download Full-text

Protective Effect of Fenofibrate on Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Retinal–Choroidal Vascular Endothelial Cells: Implication for Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9080712 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 712 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ying-Jung Hsu ◽

Chao-Wen Lin ◽

Sheng-Li Cho ◽

Wei-Shiung Yang ◽

Chung-May Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Vascular Endothelial ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Amino Terminal

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an important microvascular complication of diabetes and one of the leading causes of blindness in developed countries. Two large clinical studies showed that fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor type α (PPAR-α) agonist, reduces DR progression. We evaluated the protective effects of fenofibrate on retinal/choroidal vascular endothelial cells under oxidative stress and investigated the underlying mechanisms using RF/6A cells as the model system and paraquat (PQ) to induce oxidative stress. Pretreatment with fenofibrate suppressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decreased cellular apoptosis, diminished the changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential, increased the mRNA levels of peroxiredoxin (Prx), thioredoxins (Trxs), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-xl, and reduced the level of B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein (Bax) in PQ-stimulated RF/6A cells. Western blot analysis revealed that fenofibrate repressed apoptosis through cytosolic and mitochondrial apoptosis signal-regulated kinase-1 (Ask)-Trx-related signaling pathways, including c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, cytochrome c release, caspase 3 activation, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) cleavage. These protective effects of fenofibrate on RF/6A cells may be attributable to its anti-oxidative ability. Our research suggests that fenofibrate could serve as an effective adjunct therapy for ocular oxidative stress-related disorders, such as DR.

Download Full-text

miR-98-5p protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidative stress in mice

The Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1093/jb/mvaa099 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shan Yu ◽

Jingjie Zhai ◽

Jing Yu ◽

Qiwei Yang ◽

Jinghui Yang

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Cerebral Ischemia ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Heme Oxygenase 1 ◽

Quinone Oxidoreductase ◽

Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Brain Tissues

Abstract Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an obstacle in treating ischemic stroke effectively. miR-98-5p has been reported to have the ability of reducing myocardial I/R injury. To explore the function of miR-98-5p in cerebral I/R, we established mice model of middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R). The level of miR-98-5p was found to be downregulated in serum of stroke patients and brain tissues of MCAO/R mice. Examination of brain tissues indicated that upregulating miR-98-5p level alleviated the infarction in MCAO/R mice. Moreover, the upregulation of miR-98-5p reduced reactive oxygen species production and enhanced superoxide dismutase activity in brain tissues of MCAO/R mice. These results indicating that miR-98-5p could protect against oxidative stress. Further study showed that miR-98-5p inhibited apoptosis by reducing the levels of death-associated protein kinase 1, B cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2 associated x protein and cleaved caspase-3, as well as increasing the level of B cell lymphoma/leukaemia-2. In addition, miR-98-5p was found to protect against oxidative stress through downregulating the level of BTB domain and CNC homology 1 and upregulating the levels of NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 and heme oxygenase 1. Therefore, miR-98-5p might be a potential target to treat cerebral I/R injury.

Download Full-text

Ameliorative Effect of Graviola (Annona muricata) on Mono Sodium Glutamate-Induced Hepatic Injury in Rats: Antioxidant, Apoptotic, Anti-inflammatory, Lipogenesis Markers, and Histopathological Studies

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10111996 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1996

Author(s):

Mustafa Shukry ◽

Ahmed M. El-Shehawi ◽

Wafaa M. El-Kholy ◽

Rasha A. Elsisy ◽

Hazem S. Hamoda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Body Weight ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Monosodium Glutamate ◽

Critical Role ◽

Lethal Dose ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Cellular Damage ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive, and there is a trepidation that MSG plays a critical role in multiple hepatic disorders. This study was planned to investigate Graviola extract (GE) effects on hepatic and cellular alterations induced by MSG. Fifty Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups: control (received normal saline), Graviola (received 200 mg/kg body weight), MSG (received 2.4 gm MSG/kg, 15% of Lethal dose (LD50) of MSG), Graviola + monosodium glutamate (MSG + GE; received GE, 200 mg/kg/day and MSG 2.4 gm/kg body weight (BW) for the next four weeks), and monosodium glutamate + Graviola (received MSG only (2.4 gm/kg BW) daily for four weeks, then concomitant with Graviola (200 mg/kg BW) daily for the next four weeks. MSG and GR were administered orally for eight weeks. Our results showed that MSG caused a significant increase in oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proinflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) level, a tumor protein (P53), hepatic cellular damage, as well as proapoptotic markers caspase-3, and B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2)-like protein 4 (Bax). A significant decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), and an antiapoptotic agent B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2) was observed. The detected MSG effects were normalized by Graviola administration, either a prophylactic or protecting dose. Besides, Graviola reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) and led to the upregulation of the silent information regulator protein one gene expression gene (SIRT1).In conclusion, the results suggest that Gaviola’s interrelated antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties are potential mechanisms to enhance hepatic deficits and protect the liver. Graviola can, therefore, be considered a promising hepatoprotective supplement. Additionally, further human clinical trials are also necessary to validate the present research.

Download Full-text

The effect of Malus doumeri leaf flavonoids on oxidative stress injury induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human embryonic kidney 293 T cells

BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies ◽

10.1186/s12906-020-03072-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yanyan Li ◽

Yunyi Li ◽

Zhie Fang ◽

Dan Huang ◽

Yalin Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

T Cells ◽

B Cell ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Human Embryonic Kidney ◽

Hek 293 ◽

Expression Levels

Abstract Background In this study, Malus doumeri leaf flavonoids (MDLF) were used as the research object to observe their in vitro antioxidant stress ability. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was used to induce oxidative stress in 293 T cells. Methods MTT, flow cytometry, and qPCR were used to verify the effect of MDLF. Results In vitro cell experiments showed that at a concentration of 0–160 μg/mL, MDLF did not affect the normal proliferation of human embryonic kidney 293 T cells (HEK 293 T cells), and MDLF had no cytotoxic effect in this concentration range. It was found that MDLF could maintain the survival of HEK 293 T cells (82.6%) at a high concentration (160 μg/mL). Morphological observation also found that MDLF can inhibit the cell structure imperfection caused by H2O2. It was also observed that MDLF could significantly increase the levels of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and reduce the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). The results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed that MDLF could significantly up-regulate the mRNA expression levels of CAT, SOD, GSH, GSH-Px, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and downregulate the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2 associated x protein (Bax), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) in oxidative stress-injured cells. The HPLC analysis showed that MDLF contained hyperin, isoquercetin, quercitrin, hesperidin, myricetin, baicalin and quercetin. Conclusion From the experimental results, it was observed that MDLF has a strong anti-oxidation ability in vitro, and it can interfere with the oxidative stress damage caused by H2O2 in 293 T cells. Therefore, MDLF is a type of natural substance with good anti-oxidant effect, and it has the potential to interfere with many diseases.

Download Full-text

Turkish Endemic Achillea Species Protect Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Cytotoxicity

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019040043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Kübra Uzun ◽

Ayşe Kübra Karaboğa Arslan

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Antioxidant Systems ◽

Human Neuroblastoma ◽

Wide Range ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The genus Achillea L. belongs to Asteraceae (Compositae), the largest family of vascular plants. There are 50 species, which of 24 is endemic in this genus in Turkey. Achillae species are used as a tonic, anti-inflammatory, anti-spasmodic, diaphoretic, diuretic and emmenagogic agents and have been used for treatment of hemorrhage, pneumonia, rheumatic pain and wounds healing traditionally. The imbalanced antioxidant systems leads to various pathophysiological conditions such as inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Achillea species have several components; essential oils, sesquiterpenes and phenolic compounds such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are the most important medicinal metabolites of Achillea species. Flavonoids have been reported to exert a wide range of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumor effects. This study aimed to assess the in vitro antioxidant properties of the methanol extracts from the aerial parts of A. cucullata (ACME) and A. sieheana (ASME) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. Our study showed that the ACME and ASME provided neuroprotection against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, ACME and ASME might help in reducing oxidative stress for preventive therapy associated with neurodegenerative diseases and cancer.

Download Full-text

The Protective Effect of the Polysaccharide Precursor, D-Isofloridoside, from Laurencia undulata on Alcohol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in HepG2 Cells

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25051024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (5) ◽

pp. 1024

Author(s):

Shengtao Yang ◽

Mei-Fang Chen ◽

Bomi Ryu ◽

Jiali Chen ◽

Zhenbang Xiao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

B Cell ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Cell Lymphoma ◽

Biological Effects ◽

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Human Hepatoma Cells ◽

Expression Levels ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) threatens human health, so it is imperative that we find ways to prevent or treat it. In recent years, the study of polysaccharides has shown that they have different kinds of bioactivities. Among them are many biological effects that have been attributed to polysaccharide precursors. D-Isofloridoside (DIF) is one of the polysaccharide precursors from the marine red alga Laurencia undulata. This study evaluated the effect of DIF on alcohol-induced oxidative stress in human hepatoma cells (HepG2). As a result, DIF attenuated alcohol-induced cytotoxicity, reduced the amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and effectively reduced alcohol-induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells. In addition, a western blot showed that, after DIF treatment, the expression levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) increased, while the expression levels of γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), BCL2-associated X (bax), cleaved caspase-3, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signal transduction proteins reduced. This showed that DIF may protect cells by reducing the amount of intracellular ROS and inhibiting intracellular oxidative stress and apoptotic processes. Finally, molecular docking demonstrated that DIF can bind to SOD, GGT, B-cell lymphoma-2, and bax proteins. These results indicated that DIF can protect HepG2 cells from alcohol-induced oxidative stress damage, making it an effective potential ingredient in functional foods.

Download Full-text