scholarly journals Loss of pod strings in common bean is associated with gene duplication, retrotransposon insertion, and overexpression of PvIND

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis Parker ◽  
José Cetz ◽  
Lorenna Lopes de Sousa ◽  
Saarah Kuzay ◽  
Sassoum Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Vascular Sheath ◽  
Dehiscence Zone ◽  
Copia Retrotransposon ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Fiber Deposition ◽  
Staple Crop

Regulation of fruit development has been central in the evolution and domestication of flowering plants. In common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a major global staple crop, the two main economic categories are distinguished by differences in fiber deposition in pods: a)dry beans with fibrous and stringy pods; and b) stringless snap/green beans withreduced fiber deposition, but which frequently revert to the ancestral stringy state. To better understand control of this important trait, we first characterized developmental patterns of gene expression in four phenotypically diverse varieties. Then, using isogenic stringless/revertant pairs of six snap bean varieties, we identified strong overexpression of the common bean ortholog of INDEHISCENT (PvIND) in non-stringy types compared to their string-producing counterparts. Microscopy of these pairs indicates that PvIND overexpression is associated with overspecification of weak dehiscence zone cells throughout the entire pod vascular sheath. No differences in PvIND DNA methylation were correlated with pod string phenotype. Sequencing of a 500 kb region surrounding PvIND in the stringless snap bean cultivar Hystyle revealed that PvIND had been duplicated into two tandem repeats, and that a Ty1-copia retrotransposon was inserted between these tandem repeats, possibly driving PvIND overexpression. Further sequencing of stringless/revertant isogenic pairs and diverse materials indicated that these sequence features had been uniformly lost in revertant types and were strongly predictive of pod phenotype, supporting their role in PvIND overexpression and pod string phenotype.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Heat Tolerance during Reproductive Development in Snap Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (5) ◽  
pp. 700-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy M. Rainey ◽  
Phillip D. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Pod Number

The genetic basis for heat tolerance during reproductive development in snap bean was investigated in a heat-tolerant × heat-sensitive common bean cross. Parental, F1, F2, and backcross generations of a cross between the heat-tolerant snap bean breeding line `Cornell 503' and the heat-sensitive wax bean cultivar Majestic were grown in a high-temperature controlled environment (32 °C day/28 °C night), initiated prior to anthesis and continued through plant senescence. During flowering, individual plants of all generations were visually rated and scored for extent of abscission of reproductive organs. The distribution of abscission scores in segregating generations (F2 and backcrosses) indicated that a high rate of abscission in response to heat stress was controlled by a single recessive gene from `Majestic'. Abscission of reproductive organs is the primary determinant of yield under heat stress in many annual grain legumes; this is the first known report of single gene control of this reaction in common bean or similar legumes. Generation means analysis indicated that genetic variation among generations for pod number under heat stress was best explained by a six-parameter model that includes nonallelic interaction terms, perhaps the result of the hypothetical abscission gene interacting with other genes for pod number in the populations. A simple additive/dominance model accounted for genetic variance for seeds per pod. Dominance [h] and epistatic dominance × dominance [l] genetic parameters for yield components under high temperatures were the largest in magnitude. Results suggest `Cornell 503' can improve heat tolerance in sensitive cultivars, and heat tolerance in common bean may be influenced by major genes.

scholarly journals Breeding Snap Beans for Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Resistance

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 869C-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Griffiths*
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
The Core ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Cmv Resistance

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is an aphid-transmitted virus that infects snap bean growing regions in New York State and Wisconsin. The core collection of common bean accessions (Phaseolus vulgaris), the complete collection of scarlet runner bean accessions (Phaseolus coccineus) and snap/dry bean cultivars were screened for resistance to CMV. Although variation in foliar symptom expression was observed, no resistance was observed in 93 snap bean and16 dry bean cultivars tested, and only one of the 406 accessions from the core collection (PI 309881) was symptomless. PI 309881 did not have common bean characteristics, and was later identified as a tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius) accession based on morphology and PCR-RFLP of chloroplast DNA. Screening of 260 P. coccineus accessions was inaccurate when a visual rating of foliar symptoms was used. It was necessary to determine infection using ELISA and test plant screening with grey zuccini. Using this approach it was determined that 80 P. coccineus accessions were susceptible to CMV; however, the remaining accessions provided possible sources for transfer of CMV resistance to snap bean. Crosses of P. coccineus accessions were made to breeding line 5-593 and backcrossed to 5-593 and snap bean cultivar `Hystyle'. PI 309881 was crossed with ICA Pijao in order to develop interspecific hybrids. Populations were developed from the interspecific crosses/backcrosses and evaluated for CMV resistance using ELISA and visual ratings of foliar symptoms.

scholarly journals Combining abilities of inheriting first pod height of some French bean lines -Phaseolus vulgaris L.-

Genetika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Zdravkovic ◽  
Jasmina Zdravkovic ◽  
Ljiljana Stankovic ◽  
Nenad Pavlovic
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Combining Abilities ◽  
Important Trait ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

First pod height is an important trait, especially for snap bean since it enables the mechanical harvesting. Cultivars with low first pod height may be cut, damaged or not harvested by mechanical harvesting. In our investigation six different snap bean genotypes were used for examination of the first pod height and diallel analysis. The result was obtained by using method 2 model 1 GRIFFING (1956) for analysis of combining abilities. The mode of inheritance was different, as the results showed - from intermediate to super dominance, for both generations (F1 and F2). Analysis of combining abilities showed both influence of additive and dominant gene effects. Combination Sumadinka x Zora is suitable for further breeding for first pod height.

scholarly journals A Codominant Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Marker Useful for Indirect Selection of Bean Golden Mosaic Virus Resistance in Common Bean

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 1035-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
Phillip N. Miklas ◽  
James S. Beaver ◽  
Ronald H. Riley
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Codominant Marker ◽  
Bean Golden Mosaic Virus

Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) is a devastating disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in tropical America. The disease is effectively controlled by combinations of genetic resistances. The most widely deployed source of resistance to BGMV is a recessive gene (bgm-1) derived from the dry bean landrace cultivar Garrapato (Mexico) that conditions a nonmosaic partial resistance response to the pathogen. To expedite introgression of partial resistance into snap bean for southern Florida and other susceptible dry bean market classes for the Caribbean and Central American regions, a RAPD marker tightly linked to bgm-1 has been identified. Two contrasting DNA bulks, one consisting of five BGMV-resistant and the other five susceptible F6 recombinant inbred lines, were used to screen for polymorphic fragments amplified by 300 decamer primers in the polymerase chain reaction. RAPDs generated between the bulks were analyzed across F2 populations segregating for the marker and the gene. One codominant RAPD marker (R2570/530) tightly linked to the recessive resistance gene bgm-1 was found. The 530-base pair (bp) fragment was linked in repulsion with bgm-1 and the other 570-bp fragment was linked in coupling. No recombinants between R2570/530 and bgm-1 were observed among 91 F2 progeny from one dry bean population, and there were two recombinants (4.2 cM) observed among 48 F2 progeny combined across four snap bean populations. Assays of R2570/530 across susceptible germplasm and lines likely to have the `Garrapato'-derived partial resistance to BGMV have revealed that the codominant marker is gene-pool nonspecific and maintains its original linkage orientation with the recessive bgm-1 gene through numerous meioses. The codominant marker is useful for rapidly introgressing partial resistance to BGMV into susceptible germplasm.

scholarly journals Nutritional and technological parameters of common bean varieties bred at Omsk State Agrarian University

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00129
Author(s):  
Nina Kazydub ◽  
Svetlana Kuzmina ◽  
Aleksandr Kovalenko
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
High Iron Content ◽  
High Calcium ◽  
High Zinc ◽  
The University

In the southern forest-steppe of Western Siberia the shortage of proteins can be overcome cultivating legumes such as beans, peas, broad beans and chickpeas. The varieties of dry and green beans bred at Omsk State Agrarian University are adapted to the conditions of the southern forest-steppe; they are characterized by high and stable productivity and possess high compensatory abilities as regards unfavourable environmental factors (drought, waterlogging, ground frost and others). The aim of the research was to determine the technological and nutritional parameters of the grains of common bean varieties bred at the University (protein and sucrose content, seed cooking rate). 6 varieties of common beans bred at the University served as research materials. As a results, the following varieties were identified as possessing valuable technological and nutritional properties: high protein content – Fizkulturnitsa (23.75 %), Lukerya (23.6 %), Omskaya yubileinaya (24.6 %) and Olivkovaya (25.5 %); high zinc content – Fizkulturnitsa (36.86 mg/kg), Lukerya (40.93 mg/kg) and Olivkovaya (40.35 mg/kg); high iron content – Olivkovaya (108.00 mg/kg); high iodine content – Lukerya (0.23 mg/kg) and Olivkovaya (0.21 mg/kg); high calcium content – Fizkulturnitsa (1.86 %); fast seed cooking rate – Fizkulturnitsa, Omichka and Lukerya (57-59 min); high sucrose content in the leaves – Omichka, Olivkovaya, Lukerya and Fizkulturnitsa (0.10-0.15 %).

Phaseolus vulgaris (Common bean/French bean/Snap bean)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1802-1837
Author(s):  
K. Subramanya Sastry ◽  
Bikash Mandal ◽  
John Hammond ◽  
S. W. Scott ◽  
R. W. Briddon
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
French Bean ◽  
Snap Bean

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Linkage Disequilibrium in a Spanish Common Bean Diversity Panel Revealed through Genotyping-by-Sequencing

Genes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Campa ◽  
Ester Murube ◽  
Juan José Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Genotyping By Sequencing ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
Diversity Panel ◽  
Main Gene

A common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) diversity panel of 308 lines was established from local Spanish germplasm, as well as old and elite cultivars mainly used for snap consumption. Most of the landraces included derived from the Spanish common bean core collection, so this panel can be considered to be representative of the Spanish diversity for this species. The panel was characterized by 3099 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers obtained through genotyping-by-sequencing, which revealed a wide genetic diversity and a low level of redundant material within the panel. Structure, cluster, and principal component analyses revealed the presence of two main subpopulations corresponding to the two main gene pools identified in common bean, the Andean and Mesoamerican pools, although most lines (70%) were associated with the Andean gene pool. Lines showing recombination between the two gene pools were also observed, most of them showing useful for snap bean consumption, which suggests that both gene pools were probably used in the breeding of snap bean cultivars. The usefulness of this panel for genome-wide association studies was tested by conducting association mapping for determinacy. Significant marker–trait associations were found on chromosome Pv01, involving the gene Phvul.001G189200, which was identified as a candidate gene for determinacy in the common bean.

scholarly journals Snap Bean Variety Trials in East-Central Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-218
Author(s):  
Oscar D. Ramírez ◽  
J. Vélez-Santiago
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
High Resistance ◽  
Bean Rust ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
East Central ◽  
Variety Trials ◽  
Bean Variety ◽  
Blue Lake ◽  
Very High

Two snap bean variety trials were planted at the Gurabo Substation farm in east-central Puerto Rico. In the first trial five pole-bean varieties were tested. The varieties used were: Florigreen, Blue Lake 92, Blue Lake 228, Blue Lake 231, and Kentucky 191. Of these varieties Florigreen had the highest yield with a production of 4.30 tons of green beans per acre. It also showed high resistance to bean rust and mosaic, two of the worst diseases of beans. In the second trial eight lines and two commercial bush varieties were tested. They are B2971-1-1, B3370, B3095-3, B3489, B3365, B3125 x 5-2, B2567-1, B3076, Wade, and Top Crop. In this trial line B2971-1-1 produced the best yield with a production of 4.05 tons of green beans per acre, which is very high for bush beans in Puerto Rico.

scholarly journals First Report of Sida micrantha mosaic virus in Phaseolus vulgaris in Brazil

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1196-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. N. Fernandes-Acioli ◽  
R. C. Pereira-Carvalho ◽  
R. S. Fontenele ◽  
C. Lacorte ◽  
S. G. Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Snap Bean ◽  
First Report ◽  
Solanaceae Species ◽  
Biotype B

Snap and common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are severely affected by Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) infection, so far the only begomovirus reported on these crops in Brazil (1). Samples of snap and common beans colonized by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B and displaying golden mosaic, chlorotic spots, and leaf distortion were collected in three production regions in Goiás State (Goianápolis, Luziânia, and Itaberaí) between 2003 and 2007. Total DNA extracted from leaf samples was used as template in PCR assays using universal primers targeting conserved regions of the DNA-A and DNA-B genomes (3). Begomovirus-specific amplicons were observed only with DNA template from symptomatic plants. Two single amplicons were observed for both genomic segments, indicating the presence of bipartite species in all samples. Sequence analysis of four isolates (named as GO-176, GO-260, GO-354, and GO-368) obtained from common bean samples indicated identity levels of approximately 95% with the DNA-A segment of BGMV (GenBank Accession No. FJ665283). However, the complete DNA-A sequence (GenBank Accession No. HM357459.1) of the GO-060 isolate (from a symptomatic snap bean plant collected in Goianápolis) displayed 76% identity with BGMV (GenBank Accession No. FJ665283) and 95% identity with the DNA-A of a Sida micrantha mosaic virus (SimMV) isolate (GenBank Accession No. EU908733.1) reported to be infecting okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) and 94.8% with a SimMV isolate reported to be infecting soybean (GenBank Accession No. FJ686693) in Brazil (2). Koch's postulates were fulfilled for the isolate GO-060 by inoculating a set of soybean and bean accessions via a biolistic approach. The ratio of positive PCR amplicons per total of inoculated plants were 15 of 16 for snap bean cv. Trepador, 9 of 10 for snap bean cv. Fartura, 18 of 24 for common bean cv. Olate Pinto, and 19 of 25 for common bean cv. Carioca. The isolate was also able to infect eight of nine soybean ‘Doko’ plants. Sequence analysis using symptomatic leaf samples (15 days after inoculation) confirmed SimMV as the causal agent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a SimMV isolate infecting P. vulgaris. This virus is apparently fast expanding its host range from Malvaceae to Solanaceae species and leguminous hosts after the introduction of B. tabaci biotype B (2). More extensive surveys are necessary to access the current epidemiological importance of SimMV in both snap and common beans in Brazil. References: (1) J.C. Faria and D. P. Maxwell. Phytopathology 89:262, 1999. (2) F. R. Fernandes et al. Arch. Virol. 154:1567, 2009. (3) M. R. Rojas et al. Plant Dis. 77:340, 1993.

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