scholarly journals Methylome-Wide Association Study of Central Adiposity Implicate Genes Involved in Immune and Endocrine Systems

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne E Justice ◽  
Geetha Chittoor ◽  
Rahul Gondalia ◽  
Phillip E Melton ◽  
Elise Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Study Participants

ABSTRACTWe conducted a methylome-wide association study to examine associations between DNA methylation in whole blood and central adiposity and body fat distribution, measured as waist circumference, waist- to-hip ratio, and waist-to-height ratio adjusted for body mass index, in 2684 African American adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. We validated significantly associated Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine methylation sites (CpGs) among adults using the Women’s Health Initiative and Framingham Heart Study participants (combined N=5743) and generalized associations in adolescents from The Raine Study (N=820). We identified 11 CpGs that were robustly associated with one or more central adiposity trait in adults and 2 in adolescents, including CpG site associations near TXNIP, ADCY7, SREBF1, and RAP1GAP2 that had not previously been associated with obesity-related traits.

scholarly journals Methylome-wide association study of central adiposity implicates genes involved in immune and endocrine systems

Epigenomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 1483-1499
Author(s):  
Anne E Justice ◽  
Geetha Chittoor ◽  
Rahul Gondalia ◽  
Phillip E Melton ◽  
Elise Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Association Study ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities ◽  
African American Adults ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
Study Participants

Aim: We conducted a methylome-wide association study to examine associations between DNA methylation in whole blood and central adiposity and body fat distribution, measured as waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio adjusted for body mass index, in 2684 African–American adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. Materials & methods: We validated significantly associated cytosine–phosphate–guanine methylation sites (CpGs) among adults using the Women's Health Initiative and Framingham Heart Study participants (combined n = 5743) and generalized associations in adolescents from The Raine Study (n = 820). Results & conclusion: We identified 11 CpGs that were robustly associated with one or more central adiposity trait in adults and two in adolescents, including CpG site associations near TXNIP, ADCY7, SREBF1 and RAP1GAP2 that had not previously been associated with obesity-related traits.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Abdominal Obesity and Excess Weight among Portuguese Children and Why Abdominal Obesity Should Be Included in Clinical Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Rodrigues ◽  
Cristina Padez ◽  
Aristides M. Machado-Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
International Obesity Task Force ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Introduction: Central adiposity in children has increased to a higher degree than general adiposity however it is not a routine measurement in clinical practice. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and abdominal fat distribution and observe the prevalence of abdominal obesity among non-obese 6-10-year-old children.Material and Methods: Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured in a sample of 793 children (408 girls). International Obesity Task Force cut-offs were used to define overweight and obesity. Abdominal obesity was defined as waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.50. Chi-square tests were used to observe the prevalence of the obesity indicators among boys and girls, and the relation between International Obesity Task Force cut-offs and abdominal obesity.Results: The prevalence of overweight, including obesity among children was 21.9% (18.9 – 25.0), 6.1% (4.2 – 8.0) were obese and 21.9% (18.6 – 25.0) had a waist-to-height ratio ≥ 0.50. Girls had significantly higher prevalence of overweight, including obesity compared to boys (χ2 = 4.59, p = 0.03), but no differences were found for abdominal obesity according to children’s gender (χ2 = 3.32, p = 0.07). A proportion of normal (8.2%; 5.9 – 10.6) and overweight children (59.5%; 50.9 – 69.0) were abdominally obese.Discussion: The prevalence of general and abdominal obesity in children living in central Portugal is of concern. Many children with abdominal obesity would not be considered obese with the International Obesity Task Force cut-off points.Conclusion: A high proportion of abdominal obesity was observed in children with normal weight or overweight, suggesting that waist-to-height ratio should be included in routine clinical practice and might be particularly useful to assess the health status of the child.

Relationship Among Adherence to The Mediterranean Diet and Anthropometric and Metabolic Parameters in Subjects with Obesity

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Lampignano ◽  
Roberta Zupo ◽  
Rossella Donghia ◽  
Vito Guerra ◽  
Fabio Castellana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
The Mediterranean

Background: There is moderate-to-high evidence that the Mediterranean diet prevents increases in body weight and waist circumference in non-obese individuals but less is known about its effects in subjects with overweight and obesity. The present study was focused on exploring the cross-sectional association among the adherence to Mediterranean diet and the most commonly used variables of metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in a cohort of overweight subjects from a typical Mediterranean region, Apulia, in Southern Italy. Methods:: The study was performed in a cohort of 1214 individuals, all with overweight or obesity but no other clinical condition. We investigated the association among adherence to Mediterranean diet, assessed with the PREDIMED score, and anthropometric parameters [namely body mass index (BMI), WC, waist to height ratio (WHtR) and neck circumference (NC)], fasting serum levels of glucose, insulin, uric acid and lipids (triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol), and blood pressure and insulin resistance, measured by HOMA-IR. Results:: The waist to height ratio was negatively associated to a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04), whereas HDL cholesterol was positively associated to a PREDIMED score ≥7 (p<0.04) Conclusion: This study suggests that body fat distribution and HDL-cholesterol are the parameters most strongly influenced by MedDiet in Apulian subjects.

scholarly journals Utility of the waist-to-height ratio as an instrument to measure parental perception of body weight in children and its use in a population-based survey of children

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Nambiar ◽  
Helen Truby ◽  
Ian Hughes ◽  
Peter SW Davies
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Parental Perception ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Overweight Status ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate which anthropometric measure of overweight status, BMI or waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), is most closely associated with parents’ perception of their child's overweight status.DesignThe sensitivity and specificity of parental perception against child-specific BMI and WHtR definitions of overweight were tested.SettingPrimary schools in Queensland, Australia.SubjectsBoys and girls aged 9·00–11·99 years (n 1431).ResultsOf the 138 boys and 202 girls who were classified as overweight according to BMI, only 27·5 % (boys) and 22·7 % (girls) were also perceived as overweight by their parents. Using WHtR, 206 boys and 333 girls were classified as overweight, of whom only 21·9 % and 13·8 %, respectively, were perceived as overweight. Perception of overweight was underestimated in approximately 15 % of boys and 21 % of girls when compared with BMI. Underestimation was higher when compared with WHtR: 25 % (boys) and 39 % (girls). Overweight prevalence was significantly lower according to perception than according to BMI or WHtR. Mother's education level was significantly associated with accurate perception of overweight status (P < 0·001).ConclusionsThe sensitivity of parental perception of child overweight was higher when BMI was used. However, emphasis needs to be placed on using WHtR as an actual measure of overweight because high central adiposity is associated with increased risk of CVD. The combined use of WHtR, body-shape images rather than word responses regarding perception and public health messages that educate parents and children about body shape and associated health risks may be the best combination in improving parents’ perception of their child's overweight status.

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