scholarly journals Elective affinities: exploring the matching between entrepreneurs and investors in equity crowdfunding

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Giudici ◽  
Massimiliano Guerini ◽  
Cristina Rossi-Lamastra
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equity Crowdfunding ◽  
Italian Market ◽  
Elective Affinities ◽  
Start Ups

PurposeThe authors investigate whether matchings in equity crowdfunding are more likely to happen if homophily exists between investors and investees. They focus on gender, age and geographical proximity as crucial dimensions of similarity among individuals and thus of homophily. Furthermore, they investigate whether the effect of homophily depends on the risk of opportunism, which investors allegedly attribute to proponents basing on their area of residence.Design/methodology/approachThe authors analyze a hand-collected database of 13 equity crowdfunding campaigns launched by Italian innovative start-ups from January 2013 to June 2016, which includes information about 384 equity crowdfunding investments carried out by 361 different investors.FindingsThe authors find a significant effect of geographical proximity and age similarity in explaining the probability that an investor finances a campaign. Moreover, these effects are particularly relevant if the proponent is located in areas characterized by a high risk of opportunistic behavior. Interestingly enough, they do not detect any significant effect related to gender.Originality/valueIn this paper, the authors have the unique opportunity to analyze a whole market (the Italian market) during three years, from inception (2013–2016), and to collect the identities of the investors in all successful campaigns.

Benzene food exposure and their prevent methods: a review

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parisa Sadighara ◽  
Mohadeseh Pirhadi ◽  
Melina Sadighara ◽  
Parisa Shavaly-Gilani ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zirak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Organic Compound ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Benzene contamination has been reported in some food groups. This study aims to identify high-risk foods groups to assess exposure to benzene. Design/methodology/approach Benzene is a hazardous volatile organic compound commonly used in the production of chemicals, detergents, paints and plastics. In addition, benzene is present in food and beverages. Findings Citrus juice-based beverages are usually more contaminated with benzene than other beverages. Benzene was also detected in carbonated beverages, fruit juices, pickles, lime juices, mayonnaise and salad dressing. Smoked and canned products have higher content of benzene. Aromas that are used in food contained benzene. Food packaging is one of the sources of benzene contamination of food. One of the reasons for its formation in food staff is due to the reaction of vitamin C (or similar acid) with benzoate, which is mainly used as a preservative in various foods. Practical implications Foods contaminated with benzene were determined. Moreover, mechanisms of its formation and some preventive measures were discussed. Originality/value This review determined the amount of benzene in foods, mechanism of formation and suggestion for prevention of benzene contamination in food.

Web-based tools for collaborative research

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Stacy Brody
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collaborative Tools ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to profile various types of Web-based tools to facilitate research collaboration within and across institutions. Design/methodology/approach Various Web-based tools were tested by the author. Additionally, tutorial videos and guides were reviewed. Findings There are various free and low-cost tools available to assist in the collaborative research process, and librarians are well-positioned to facilitate their usage. Practical implications Librarians and researchers will learn about various types of tools available at free or at low cost to fulfill needs of the collaborative research process. Social implications As the tools highlighted are either free or of low cost, they are also valuable to start-ups and can be recommended for entrepreneurs. Originality/value As the realm of Web-based collaborative tools continues to evolve, the options must be continually revisited and reviewed for currency.

Entrepreneurship and fintech development: comparing reward and equity crowdfunding

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Troise ◽  
Diego Matricano ◽  
Elena Candelo ◽  
Mario Sorrentino
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equity Crowdfunding ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Starting from the state-of-the-art of Fintech development, this study aims to propose some research propositions comparing reward-crowdfunding (RCF) and equity-crowdfunding (ECF). In this sense, the present research provides a comprehensive analysis of fintech development and – to conceptualize the comparison between RCF and ECF – it focuses on campaigns’ characteristics, aims and post-campaigns scenarios. Design/methodology/approach All the research propositions related to the comparison between RCF and ECF are rooted in dedicated literature. The methodological approach adopted in the present paper can be referred to theorizing. Findings This study suggests that five key elements characterize the development of fintech: regulation, infrastructure, technologies, finance and innovations. The research provides nine propositions: four related to the campaigns’ characteristics; two related to the use of crowdfunding models by entrepreneurs; and three related to the performance of crowdfunded companies. Practical implications By offering nine research propositions, this study is expected to foster and support the investigation of fintech development from an entrepreneurial and managerial point of view. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to explore the fintech development and to propose a comparative approach between RCF and ECF. This research contributes to the current debate on fintech development as well as on the comparison between crowdfunding models.

Influence of perceived risks on the decision to invest in equity crowdfunding: a study of Malaysian investors

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaista Wasiuzzaman ◽  
Lee Lee Chong ◽  
Hway Boon Ong
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legal Risk ◽  
Equity Crowdfunding ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to investigate the influence of various risk factors, specifically investment risk, legal risk and technology risk, on the decision of investors to invest in equity crowdfunding ventures in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach A total of 169 valid responses out of a total of 195 questionnaires were distributed to individuals with prior knowledge of equity crowdfunding. The data from the responses are used to test the relationships using structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEM-PLS). Findings Investigation into the influence of risk factors on the willingness to support equity crowdfunding shows that investment risk and legal risk significantly influence the decision to support equity crowdfunding ventures, but technology risk does not. However, while the influence of investment risk is negative, legal risk is found to have a positive influence. Originality/value This study is important as, to the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to empirically test the relationship between the various risks inherent in equity crowdfunding investments and the decision to invest. The study is also important to entrepreneurs and start-ups as it provides evidence that while the equity crowdfunding investment community follows the norms of investment, i.e. lower risk is preferred, stricter laws and regulations governing equity crowdfunding may not be needed or may only be relevant in countries where there are more retail, unsophisticated investors.

Stretch collaboration: how to work with people you don’t agree with or like or trust

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kahane
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Conflicts ◽  
Innovative Process ◽  
Collaboration Process ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The article offers an innovative process for collaborating with people you don’t agree with or like or trust . Design/methodology/approach Based on his experience as a collaboration facilitator in national and regional conflicts and stalemates, the author explains how to achieve success through what he terms “stretch collaboration.” Findings Stretch collaborations requires participants to take three unconventional approaches. Practical implications Unconventional “stretch collaboration” abandons the assumption of control. It gives up unrealistic fantasies of harmony, certainty, and compliance, and instead embraces messy realities of discord, trial and error and co-creation.” Originality/value Managers and leaders increasing must collaborate with stakeholders who have opposing interests. This stretch collaboration process offers a way to make progress even in volatile, hostile, high-risk situations.

Effects of ethical leadership and formal control systems on employee opportunistic behavior in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 1350-1362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changsuk Ko ◽  
Mark H. Haney ◽  
Gukseong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Opportunistic Behavior ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Formal Control ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how ethical leadership and formal control systems influence employee opportunistic behavior.Design/methodology/approachUsing survey data collected from Chinese employees (N=430), the authors conducted regression analysis to test hypothesized relationships between ethical leadership and formal control systems and employee opportunistic behavior. Both direct effects and an interaction effect were tested.FindingsThe authors found that both ethical leadership and formal control systems individually play significant roles in reducing employee opportunistic behavior. In addition, the results indicate that ethical leadership and formal control systems function as complements to jointly constrain employee opportunistic behaviors.Originality/valueThis study contributes to an understanding of the relationship between supervisors and followers in China by demonstrating the effects of ethical leadership and formal control systems on employee opportunistic behaviors, including an interesting interaction effect.

scholarly journals Types of proximity in knowledge access by science-based start-ups

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 298-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarida Fontes ◽  
Cristina Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Resources ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Access To Knowledge ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Knowledge Access

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to address the strategies adopted by science-based start-ups to gain access to knowledge resources at diverse spatial levels. It investigates the presence and relative importance of ties endowed with different types of proximity in firms’ knowledge networks, and the role played by non-geographical proximity in gaining access to knowledge sources, both nearby and distant. Design/methodology/approach – An analytical framework is proposed that distinguishes between two dimensions of proximity – geographical and relational – leading to different forms of proximity, which are further linked with modes of knowledge interaction (formal or informal). A methodology for network reconstruction is developed and applied to Portuguese molecular biology firms, permitting to identify the origin, location and nature of the ties and to position them along forms of proximity. Findings – The results show that the incidence and mix of the different forms of proximity vary in firms’ individual networks, being possible to identify several patterns. They also uncover the relevance of relational proximity, whether or not coexisting with geographical proximity and often compensating for its absence. Research limitations/implications – This approach needs to be complemented with further research that refines the operationalization of relational proximity, by attempting to disentangle the influence of different types of non-geographical proximity. Further research will also explore in greater detail the factors that may explain variety in the proximity mix of firms’ networks. Practical implications – The paper offers insights into the knowledge sourcing strategies adopted by science-based firms located outside the main concentrations of knowledge in their field. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the literature on the role of proximity in knowledge access, by developing and empirically testing a taxonomy of forms of proximity, considering the characteristics of science-based firms. It uncovers the mechanisms through which relational proximity can contribute to span spatial boundaries, highlighting the role played by entrepreneurs’ personal networks.

No accident: health, well-being, performance and danger

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Prevention Model ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach – This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings – This paper develops a theory of preventive health management for high-risk employees. It also designs a prevention model which reveals the way these employees should be handled. While early intervention is ideal, certain steps can be taken even when a problem has escalated to dangerous levels. Practical implications – This paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Unraveling legitimation strategies of Chinese Internet start-ups

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Su ◽  
Haidong Peng ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Yun Rong
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Internet Industry ◽  
Case Methodology ◽  
The Face ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the legitimacy needs and legitimation strategies of Internet start-ups in the context of industry dynamism. Design/methodology/approach – The purpose of this paper is to explore the legitimacy needs and legitimation strategies of Internet start-ups in the context of industry dynamism. Findings – The authors found that Internet start-ups are in great need of acquiring market and relational legitimacy at their nascent stages. Conformance to the environment is widely adopted by them as a legitimacy-enhancing strategy. There is an inverted “U” relationship between the maturity of the industry and the proactivity of any legitimation strategy in the sector. In the face of high- and low-level industry maturity, start-ups tend to employ prudent strategies to build up legitimacy. While in medium-mature industries, ventures are more likely to adopt proactive and aggressive strategies. Research limitations/implications – Due to the very nature of case methodology, this study is based on a small number of observations and it is set in the context of the Internet industry. The generalizability of its findings needs to be reinforced by further concrete studies. Practical implications – This paper suggests that industry dynamism should be taken into account carefully when implementing a choice of legitimation strategies. Originality/value – This study makes an attempt to further our understanding of how industry dynamism influences firms’ choices of legitimation strategies.

Mergers and acquisitions in the hightech industry: a literature review

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Rossi ◽  
Shlomo Yedidia Tarba ◽  
Amos Raviv
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Start Ups

PurposeAs a result of the impressive wave of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in recent years, operations that were traditionally considered to be extraordinary have become common business development options. M&As have produced mixed results for their stakeholders, which resulted in extensive economics debate, albeit without a systemic vision. As a result, the M&A literature has not yet developed a paradigm and the purpose of this paper is to present a review of the existing literature.Design/methodology/approachThe authors carried out a review of literature on M&As in technology‐driven sectors.FindingsThe critical examination of the innovation and value creation processes in M&As in hightech industry provides new insights for incumbent executives and can better plan and implement M&As deals.Originality/valueSince 1990 there has been a major expansion of M&As in high‐tech sectors, many involving the acquisition of small and young start‐ups. To address this important topic the authors present here a review of literature on M&As in technology‐driven sectors.

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